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Hugo Kesteloot

Publications and source records attributed to Hugo Kesteloot.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Association between protein intake and blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.

BACKGROUND: Findings from epidemiological studies suggest an inverse relationship between individuals' protein intake and their blood pressure. METHODS: Cross-sectional epidemiological study of 4680 persons, aged 40 to 59 years, from 4 countries. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured 8 times at 4 visits. Dietary intake based on 24-hour dietary recalls was recorded 4 times. Information on dietary supplements was noted. Two 24-hour urine samples were obtained per person. RESULTS: There was a significant inverse relationship between vegetable protein intake and blood pressure. After adjusting for confounders, blood pressure differences associated with higher vegetable protein intake of 2.8% kilocalories were -2.14 mm Hg systolic and -1.35 mm Hg diastolic (P<.001 for both); after further adjustment for height and weight, these differences were -1.11 mm Hg systolic (P<.01) and -0.71 mm Hg diastolic (P<.05). For animal protein intake, significant positive blood pressure differences did not persist after adjusting for height and weight. For total protein intake (which had a significant interaction with sex), there was no significant association with blood pressure in women, nor in men after adjusting for dietary confounders. There were significant differences in the amino acid content of the diets of persons with high vegetable and low animal protein intake vs the diets of persons with low vegetable and high animal protein intake. CONCLUSIONS: Vegetable protein intake was inversely related to blood pressure. This finding is consistent with recommendations that a diet high in vegetable products be part of healthy lifestyle for prevention of high blood pressure and related diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Dynamics of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in Western and Eastern Europe between 1970 and 2000.

AIMS: Important changes in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality rates are occurring in Western and Eastern Europe, each with their own dynamics. Differences in trends will be analysed and possible causes are discussed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Mortality data for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality rates from different countries were obtained from WHO and were analysed for the period 1970-2000. The annual changes in cause-specific mortality rates were calculated using linear and polynomial regression models. Mortality rates declined almost linearly for ischaemic heart disease, stroke, and total cardiovascular diseases between 1970 and 2000 in Western Europe. In both men and women, the decline for these diseases varied between 50 and 65% or approximately 2%/year in this period. In contrast, in Eastern Europe cardiovascular mortality rates reached a maximum in the period 1990-94, followed by a decline of approximately 3%/year in Poland, 2%/year in Hungary, and 5%/year in the Baltic states. The changes in cardiovascular mortality rates were reflected in all-cause mortality rates in both Western and Eastern Europe. CONCLUSION: Over the past 30 years, mortality rates in cardiovascular diseases increased or decreased very rapidly. The causes are complex but changes in diet appear to play a major role. The more recent declines in Western Europe also reflect improvements in modern cardiovascular treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Relation of nutrient intake to microalbuminuria in nondiabetic middle-aged men and women: International Population Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP).

BACKGROUND: Microalbuminuria (MA) is a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. However, little is known about the relation of nutritional factors to MA, especially in individuals without diabetes. METHODS: Data collected by the International Population Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure from 1997 to 1999 were used to assess relations of multiple dietary factors (energy intake, macronutrients, and micronutrients) independent of lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors to MA (urinary albumin excretion, 30 to <300 mg/24 h). The study population included 4,381 Chinese, Japanese, UK, and US men and women without diabetes aged 40 to 59 years (17 population samples) without macroalbuminuria. RESULTS: MA prevalences ranged from 3.1% to 5.5% for men and 2.6% to 4.6% for women in the 4 countries. With adjustment for age and country, the following nutrients considered singly (of 29) were related in logistic regression analyses to MA prevalence ( P < 0.05): for men, inversely, iron, vitamin C and E, estimated total simple sugar, omega-6 fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and calcium (all expressed as caloric density) intake; for women, directly, 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and alcohol intake. In multivariate analyses, sugar, iron, polyunsaturated fats, and vitamin C and E intake (in men) and alcohol intake (women only) remained associated with MA ( P < 0.05). MA also was related directly to body mass index ( P < 0.05), blood pressure ( P < 0.001), and smoking ( P > 0.05) and inversely to education ( P < 0.05 in women). CONCLUSION: In cross-sectional analyses, several nutrients were related to MA among men. Additional studies are required to confirm these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Milk consumption in relation to incidence of prostate, breast, colon, and rectal cancers: is there an independent effect?

Milk contains a wide variety of ingredients, such as nutrients, hormones, and chemical contaminants. Whether milk consumption is associated with the risk of prostate, breast, colon, and rectal cancers is unclear and was evaluated in this study. Data on milk consumption for 9 time periods (1964-1994) and incidence rates of prostate, female breast, colon, and rectal cancers, mostly around 1993-1997, in 38 countries were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization, respectively. Milk consumption was strongly correlated with incidence rates of prostate cancer (r = 0.65-0.69; all P < 0.0001) and breast cancer (r = 0.64-0.74; all P < 0.0001) in all the nine time periods examined. A modest positive correlation was found for colon and rectal cancers in both sexes (all P < 0.05, except for rectal cancer in the first three time periods). The previous findings remained essentially unchanged after adjustment for vegetable, alcohol, and cigarette consumption but disappeared after further adjustment for non-milk fat consumption, except for breast cancer in the last three time periods. The present study does not support an overall substantial effect of milk consumption on the risk of prostate, breast, colon, and rectal cancers at the population level.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

On the sex ratio of mortality: evolution during the period 1970-1999.

In the industrialized world large differences between male and female age-specific mortality rates exist, favouring the female sex.These differences vary over time and depend on the type of disease. This study intends to define the problem by determining the male/female (M/F) ratio of mortality for different disease groups and 2 time periods, 1970 and 1999.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of measures of urinary albumin excretion in epidemiologic studies.

Twenty-four-hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is considered the gold standard for determining albumin level in epidemiologic studies, but this measure is inconvenient and often unavailable. Simpler alternatives include the albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) and urinary albumin concentration (UAC) obtained from a single sample. The authors assessed the strengths and weaknesses of ACR and UAC as alternatives to UAE using albumin measurements from two 24-hour urine samples collected in 1996-1999 from 4,678 participants aged 40-59 years in the International Study of Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (17 population samples from four countries). The authors compared ACR and UAC with regard to correlations with UAE, daily within-person variability, and associations with known predictors of UAE. Rank-order correlations of ACR with UAE were 0.949 and 0.942 for men and women, respectively, versus 0.881 and 0.816 for UAC. Mean within-person coefficients of variation were 34.0-40.0% for the three measures, with the smallest values being observed for UAC. Average correlations with blood pressure were similar for UAE, ACR, and UAC, but the correlation with body mass index was lower for ACR (0.118 for ACR and 0.188 for UAC vs. 0.211 for UAE) because of high correlation between body mass index and creatinine level. Thus, UAC and ACR are acceptable alternatives to the more complex UAE, and the simpler UAC may be preferable to ACR in some respects.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Estimating laboratory precision of urinary albumin excretion and other urinary measures in the International Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure.

Microalbuminuria is a risk factor for renal failure, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. However, estimating laboratory precision for albumin excretion is problematic because of its highly skewed distribution and the presence of values below assay detection limits. The authors used 781 quality control pairs from 24-hour urine samples collected between 1996 and 1999 in the International Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP) to compare percentage of technical error (%TE), the usual estimate of laboratory precision, with the mean and median values of within-pair coefficients of variation (CVs) for urinary albumin concentration and other urinary variables. In INTERMAP, %TE was larger than mean CV for all variables. Exclusion of potentially mislabeled samples reduced this difference; for example, for sodium, estimates of %TE and mean and median CV were 2.37%, 0.75%, and 0.28%, respectively, for all 781 pairs and 0.84%, 0.48%, and 0.27%, respectively, with possibly mislabeled pairs excluded. For urinary albumin concentration, exclusion of one mislabeled pair changed estimates for %TE and mean CV from 29.6% and 20.8% to 20.6% and 20.6%, while median CV was unchanged at 9.4%. After exclusion of urinary albumin concentration pairs with values below the detection limit, estimates were 15.4%, 11.4%, and 6.4%, respectively. Results indicate that mean and median CV are not equivalent to %TE and that values below the detection limit can markedly affect estimates and should be excluded.

Adult↗