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Biomedical subjects

Hui Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Hui Wang.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Capsule oxymatrine in treatment of hepatic fibrosis due to chronic viral hepatitis: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxymatrine capsule in treatment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. METHODS: It was a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study. One hundred and forty-four patients were divided into oxymatrine capsule group(group A) and placebo group (group B). The course was 52 wk. Patients were visited once every 12 wk and the last visit was at 12 wk after cessation of the treatment. All patients had liver biopsy before treatment. part of them had a second biopsy at the end of therapy. Clinical symptoms, liver function test, serum markers of hepatic fibrosis were tested. Ultrasound evaluation was performed before, during and at the end of therapy. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-four patients enrolled in the study. Of them 132 patients completed the study according to the protocol,49 patients had liver biopsy twice (25 patients in group A and 24 in group B). At the end of therapy, significant improvements in hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory activity based on Semi-quantitative scoring system (SSS) were achieved in group A. The total effective rate of the treatment was 48.00%, much higher than that of 4.17% in group B (P<0.05). Significant improvement in serum markers of hepatic fibrosis such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and type III procollagenic peptide (P III P) in group A was seen (P<0.05). The total effective rate of serum markers at the end of therapy in group A was 68.19%, much higher than that of 34.85% in group B (P<0.05). The total effective rate of noninvasive markers at the end of therapy in group A was 66.67%, much higher than that of 30.30% in group B (P<0.05). The rate of adverse events was similar in two groups. CONCLUSION: Oxymatrine capsule is effective and safe in treatment of hepatic fibrosis due to chronic viral hepatitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Heterologous overexpression of quorum-sensing regulators to study cell-density-dependent phenotypes in a symbiotic plant bacterium Mesorhizobium huakuii.

Quorum-sensing is widespread among many prokaryotic lineages. In order to investigate quorum regulation in the plant bacterium Mesorhizobium huakuii which produces an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum signal, the Agrobacterium quorum-sensing regulator TraR was heterologously expressed in this bacterium. The resulting strains showed reduced AHL production in the supernatant compared to wild-type, but similar intracellular levels of AHLs were detected, suggesting that M. huakuii AHLs can be bound to intracellular TraR proteins and thus become unavailable for its own quorum systems. M. huakuii overexpressing TraR formed thinner biofilms than the wild-type, suggesting a role played by quorum-sensing in biofilm formation.

4-Butyrolactone↗
PubMed2004

DNA heterogeneity and phosphorylation unveiled by single-molecule electrophoresis.

Broad-spectrum analysis of DNA and RNA samples is of increasing importance in the growing field of biotechnology. We show that nanopore measurements may be used to assess the purity, phosphorylation state, and chemical integrity of nucleic acid preparations. In contrast with gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, an unprecedented dynamic range of DNA sizes and concentrations can be evaluated in a single data acquisition process that spans minutes. Because the molecule information is quantized and digitally recorded with single-molecule resolution, the sensitivity of the system can be adjusted in real time to detect trace amounts of a particular DNA species.

DNA↗
PubMed2004

[Cardiopulmonary bypass of orthotopic heart transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the extracorporeal circulation(ECC) management experiences on 4 cases of orthotopic heart transplantation. METHODS: All patients received moderate hypothermia and high flow rate perfusion. Many strategies were taken to maximize the protection of myocardium, lung, kidney and blood conservation. The donor hearts were arrested with aorto perfusion using modified St. Thomas solution at 4 degrees C. After being flushed with 5,000 mL cold saline, the donor hearts were perfused with 1,000 mL UW solution in 4 degrees C and preserved in ice saline. Ice mud was covered on the donor heart and cold saline was dripped into left atrium in the period of anastomosis. RESULTS: The ECC time was 133.3+/-13.1 min, and the warm and cold ischemia time was respectively 1-3 min and 142.0+/-28.2 min. All the cases recovered heart beats automatically. Left ventricular ejection fractions were 60%-65% a month postoperatively. One patient died of acute rejection 150 days postoperatively. 3 cases survived. CONCLUSION: Proper ECC management, importment organs and donor heart protection are the key to success in heart transplant operations.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

A new family of potent AB(5) cytotoxins produced by Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli.

The Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) O113:H21 strain 98NK2, which was responsible for an outbreak of hemolytic uremic syndrome, secretes a highly potent and lethal subtilase cytotoxin that is unrelated to any bacterial toxin described to date. It is the prototype of a new family of AB(5) toxins, comprising a single 35-kilodalton (kD) A subunit and a pentamer of 13-kD B subunits. The A subunit is a subtilase-like serine protease distantly related to the BA_2875 gene product of Bacillus anthracis. The B subunit is related to a putative exported protein from Yersinia pestis, and binds to a mimic of the ganglioside GM2. Subtilase cytotoxin is encoded by two closely linked, cotranscribed genes (subA and subB), which, in strain 98NK2, are located on a large, conjugative virulence plasmid. Homologues of the genes are present in 32 out of 68 other STEC strains tested. Intraperitoneal injection of purified subtilase cytotoxin was fatal for mice and resulted in extensive microvascular thrombosis, as well as necrosis in the brain, kidneys, and liver. Oral challenge of mice with E. coli K-12-expressing cloned subA and subB resulted in dramatic weight loss. These findings suggest that the toxin may contribute to the pathogenesis of human disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Novel synthetic route to octasubstituted naphthalenes from four alkynes and one olefin unit via zirconacyclopentadienes and 1,2-diiodo-3,4,5,6-tetraalkylbenzene.

1,2,3,4-Tetrasubstituted benzene derivatives were prepared by the reaction of zirconacyclopentadienes with vinyl bromide in the presence of NiCl(2)(PPh(3))(2). 1,2-Diiodo-3,4,5,6-tetraalkylbenzenes were formed by treatment of 1,2,3,4-tetraalkylbenzenes with iodine and periodic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid. Reaction of the 1,2-diiodo-3,4,5,6-tetraalkylbenzenes with zirconacyclopentadienes in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of CuCl gave sterically crowded octasubstituted naphthalenes in moderate yields.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Drug concentrations in axillary lymph nodes after lymphatic chemotherapy on patients with breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Lymph node status is one of the decisive prognostic factors in breast cancer. Chemotherapy targeting regional lymphatic tissues has emerged as a promising therapy for the treatment of malignancies with a high tendency to disseminate lymphatically. The present study determined the drug concentrations in axillary lymph nodes after lymphatic chemotherapy (LC) in patients with breast cancer and compared the results with those receiving intravenous chemotherapy (VC) to investigate whether LC could improve the accumulation of anticancer drug in regional lymph nodes. METHODS: Sixty patients with breast carcinoma confirmed by preoperative puncture-biopsy were divided into two groups at random. The LC group (n = 30) received a subcutaneous injection of 4 ml of carboplatin-activated carbon suspension, containing 20 mg of carboplatin, adjacent to the primary tumour. The VC group (n = 30) received an intravenous administration of an equal dose of aqueous carboplatin. At 1, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after administration, modified radical mammectomies were performed on 12 patients at each time point, with 6 from each group. Axillary lymph nodes were removed for pathological examination. The platinum concentrations in nodes were determined by Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: A total of 275 axillary lymph nodes were resected, with 154 in the LC group and 121 in the VC group. Of the 275 lymph nodes, 136 (49.5%) from 23 patients (38.3%) had histopathologically detected metastases. At 1, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after injection, the carboplatin concentrations in the LC group were 11.82 +/- 3.50, 23.58 +/- 7.34, 18.22 +/- 4.93, 16.70 +/- 5.15 and 14.62 +/- 4.29 microg/g (means +/- SD), respectively, whereas those in the VC group were 0.06 +/- 0.02, 0.11 +/- 0.05, 0.10 +/- 0.02, 0.05 +/- 0.02 and 0 microg/g, respectively. Significant differences were found in each corresponding comparison (P < 0.001). Lymph node metastasis was uncorrelated with drug concentration (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: LC can effectively and continuously improve the drug concentrations in axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer, in comparison with VC.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

A novel colorimetric and fluorescent anion chemosensor based on the flavone quasi-crown ether-metal complex.

The metal-ligand complex 1 ([Mg (L)] (2+)) (or 2 ([Ca (L)]( 2+))) was demonstrated to selectively bind HSO(4)(-) (or H(2)PO(4)(-)) over other anions by using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The studied complex exhibits the remarkable color change and fluorescence quenching upon introducing HSO(4)(-) (or H(2)PO(4)(-)) anion in acetonitrile. Both the mechanism and structure of the secondary complex of complex 1 with anion were proposed on the basis of theoretical computation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Serology of severe acute respiratory syndrome: implications for surveillance and outcome.

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a novel infectious disease. No information is currently available on host-specific immunity against the SARS coronavirus (CoV), and detailed characteristics of the epidemiology of SARS CoV infection have not been identified. METHODS: ELISA was used to detect antibody to SARS CoV. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to detect SARS CoV RNA. T cells in peripheral blood of patients were quantified by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Of 36 patients with probable SARS CoV infection, 30 (83.3%) were positive for IgG antibody to SARS CoV; in contrast, only 3 of 48 patients with suspected SARS CoV infection, 0 of 112 patients with fever but without SARS, and 0 of 96 healthy control individuals were positive for it. IgG antibody to SARS CoV was first detected between day 5 and day 47 after onset of illness (mean +/- SD, 18.7+/-10.4). CONCLUSION: Detection of antibody to SARS CoV is useful in the diagnosis of SARS; however, at the incubation and initial phases of the illness, serological assay is of little value, because of late seroconversion in most patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Tumor cell alpha3beta1 integrin and vascular laminin-5 mediate pulmonary arrest and metastasis.

Arrest of circulating tumor cells in distant organs is required for hematogenous metastasis, but the tumor cell surface molecules responsible have not been identified. Here, we show that the tumor cell alpha3beta1 integrin makes an important contribution to arrest in the lung and to early colony formation. These analyses indicated that pulmonary arrest does not occur merely due to size restriction, and raised the question of how the tumor cell alpha3beta1 integrin contacts its best-defined ligand, laminin (LN)-5, a basement membrane (BM) component. Further analyses revealed that LN-5 is available to the tumor cell in preexisting patches of exposed BM in the pulmonary vasculature. The early arrest of tumor cells in the pulmonary vasculature through interaction of alpha3beta1 integrin with LN-5 in exposed BM provides both a molecular and a structural basis for cell arrest during pulmonary metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Basis for fusion inhibition by peptides: analysis of the heptad repeat regions of the fusion proteins from Nipah and Hendra viruses, newly emergent zoonotic paramyxoviruses.

Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are novel zoonotic members of the Paramyxoviridae family and are the prototypes for a newly designated genus, Genus Henipavirus. Recent studies have shown that paramyxovirus might adopt a similar mechanism of virus fusion-entry. Under this mechanism, the two highly conserved heptad repeat (HR) regions, HR1 and HR2, in the fusion (F) protein, seem to show characteristic structure in the fusion core: the formation of a 6-helix coiled-coil bundle. The three HR1s form the alpha-helix coiled-coil surrounded by three HR2s. In this study, the two HR regions of NiV or HeV were expressed in an Escherichia coli system as a single chain and the results do show that HR1 and HR2 interact with each other in both NiV and HeV and form typical 6-helix coiled-coil bundles. This provides the molecular basis of HR2 inhibition to NiV and HeV fusion as observed in an earlier report.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

The BCR-ABL1 kinase bypasses selection for the expression of a pre-B cell receptor in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

The BCR-ABL1 kinase expressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) drives malignant transformation of human pre-B cells. Comparing genome-wide gene expression profiles of BCR-ABL1+ pre-B ALL and normal bone marrow pre-B cells by serial analysis of gene expression, many genes involved in pre-B cell receptor signaling are silenced in the leukemia cells. Although normal pre-B cells are selected for the expression of a functional pre-B cell receptor, BCR-ABL1+ ALL cells mostly do not harbor a productively rearranged IGH allele. In these cases, we identified traces of secondary VH gene rearrangements, which may have rendered an initially productive VH region gene nonfunctional. Even BCR-ABL1+ ALL cells harboring a functional VH region gene are unresponsive to pre-B cell receptor engagement and exhibit autonomous oscillatory Ca2+ signaling activity. Conversely, leukemia subclones surviving inhibition of BCR-ABL1 by STI571 restore responsiveness to antigen receptor engagement and differentiate into immature B cells expressing immunoglobulin light chains. BCR-ABL1 kinase activity is linked to defective pre-B cell receptor signaling and the expression of a truncated isoform of the pre-B cell receptor-associated linker molecule SLP65. Also in primary leukemia cells, truncated SLP65 is expressed before but not after treatment of the patients with STI571. We conclude that inhibition of BCR-ABL1 reconstitutes selection for leukemia cells expressing a functional (pre-) B cell receptor.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2004

Pretreatment with dexamethasone increases antitumor activity of carboplatin and gemcitabine in mice bearing human cancer xenografts: in vivo activity, pharmacokinetics, and clinical implications for cancer chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) pretreatment on antitumor activity and pharmacokinetics of the cancer chemotherapeutic agents carboplatin and gemcitabine. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Antitumor activities of carboplatin and gemcitabine with or without DEX pretreatment were determined in six murine-human cancer xenograft models, including cancers of colon (LS174T), lung (A549 and H1299), and breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) and glioma (U87-MG). Effects of DEX on plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics of carboplatin and gemcitabine were also determined by using the LS174T, A549, and H1299 models. RESULTS: Although DEX alone showed minimal antitumor activity, DEX pretreatment significantly increased the efficacy of carboplatin, gemcitabine, or a combination of both drugs by 2-4-fold in all xenograft models tested. Without DEX treatment, the tumor exposure to carboplatin, measured by the area under the curve, was markedly lower than normal tissues. However, DEX pretreatment significantly increased tumor carboplatin levels, including 200% increase in area under the curve, 100% increase in maximum concentration, and 160% decrease in clearance. DEX pretreatment similarly increased gemcitabine uptake in tumors. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report that DEX significantly enhances the antitumor activity of carboplatin and gemcitabine and increases their accumulation in tumors. These results provide a basis for further evaluation of DEX as a chemosensitizer in patients.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

A spermatogenesis-related gene expression profile in human spermatozoa and its potential clinical applications.

Spermatogenesis is an essential stage in the human reproductive process. In a previously study aiming to determine which genes might be involved in spermatogenesis, we compared the gene expression profiles of adult and fetal testes by hybridizing cDNA probes prepared from adult and fetal testes to membranes dotted with gene clones derived from a commercial human testis library. We identified 266 differentially expressed genes that showed higher expression levels in adult testes, indicating their potential roles in spermatogenesis. In the present study, we applied the same cDNA microarray technique to the analysis of gene expression in the spermatozoa of normal fertile men and found 149 genes that were expressed at higher levels in adult testis. A further study of five sperm motility-related genes selected from this profile by real-time PCR revealed that there was significant difference in the expression levels of two genes ( TPX-1, testis-specific protein 1 and LDHC, lactate dehydrogenase C, transcript variant 1) between normal ( n=29) and motility impaired ( n=24) semen samples, indicating that these genes are involved in sperm function. Our results demonstrated that spermatogenesis-related gene profiling could help to assess sperm quality in humans, and further study of these genes will help us to elucidate the mechanisms involved in spermatogenesis and diseases relating to human infertility.

A Kinase Anchor Proteins↗
PubMed2004

Ovarian carcinoma cells inhibit T cell proliferation: suppression of IL-2 receptor beta and gamma expression and their JAK-STAT signaling pathway.

Deficient T cell immune function and intracellular signaling in cancer patients may result from effects of tumors or their products on lymphocytes. Recently, it was demonstrated that several ovarian carcinoma cell lines could produce soluble factors that inhibited T cell proliferation. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of supernatants from 3 ovarian carcinoma cell lines (OVCAR3, CAOV3, SKOV3) on signal transduction elements that are linked to the IL-2R and its JAK-STAT pathway. A profound inhibition of proliferation, lower level of IFN-gamma and higher level of IL-10 gene expression were observed when CD8+ T cells were co-cultured with supernatants from 3 ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Cell cycle studies on inhibited CD8+ T cells showed most of them were growth arrested in G0/G1 phase. Western blot analysis showed that tumor supernatants suppressed expression of JAK3 and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5. JAK1 was not altered and the inhibition of STAT3 only appeared in OVCAR3 cells. Tumor supernatants also partially blocked induction of IL-2R beta and gamma chains expression. These findings suggest that ovarian carcinoma cells may suppress T cell proliferation through inhibition IL-2 dependent signaling pathways, which may be a mechanism of ovarian carcinoma induced immunosuppression.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2004

Radiosensitization by antisense anti-MDM2 mixed-backbone oligonucleotide in in vitro and in vivo human cancer models.

PURPOSE: The MDM2 oncogene, amplified or overexpressed in many human cancers, has been suggested to be a novel target for cancer therapy. We have demonstrated a second-generation antisense antihuman-MDM2 oligonucleotide to have antitumor activity when administered alone or in combination with cancer chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the antisense oligonucleotide on radiation therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The in vitro radiosensitization activity was determined in cell lines of human cancers of prostate (LNCaP and PC3), breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468), pancreas (PANC-1), and glioma (U87-MG and A172) and its in vivo radiosensitization activity in xenograft models of LNCaP, PC3, MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, and PANC-1. RESULTS: In cells containing at least one functional p53 allele (LNCaP, U87-MG, and A172), after specific inhibition of MDM2 expression, p53 and p21 levels were elevated. In LNCaP cells, the Bax level was increased, and Bcl-2 and E2F1 levels were decreased. In PC3 cells that are p53 null, after inhibition of MDM2 expression, Bax and p21 levels were elevated, and E2F1 levels were decreased. On the basis of in vitro clonogenic assay, the antisense oligonucleotide, in a sequence-specific manner, significantly increased radiation-induced antiproliferation effects. It also increased radiation-induced inhibitory effects on tumor growth in SCID or nude mice bearing LNCaP, PC3, MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, and PANC-1 xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that MDM2 has a role in radiation therapy of human cancers, regardless of p53 status, providing a basis for future development of MDM2 inhibitors, such as antisense oligonucleotides, as radiosensitizers.

Alleles↗