Biomedical subjects

Hussain H Al-Saeed

Publications and source records attributed to Hussain H Al-Saeed.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Endocrinopathies in patients with thalassemias.

Thalassemia major is a hereditary disorder of hemoglobin synthesis resulting in severe anemia. Treatment consists of multiple blood transfusions, a complication of which is iron overload. Excessive iron is then deposited in almost all tissues but primarily in the liver, heart and the endocrine glands. Lately, desferrioxamine has been used as a chelating agent in an attempt to prevent the complications of tissue damage by iron deposition. Early introduction of the chelating agent to combat iron overload in vulnerable organs leads to improved life expectancy. However, these patients often present with multiple endocrine dysfunction such as growth failure, hypogonadism, abnormalities in glucose metabolism, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism and less frequently hypoadrenalism. We briefly review the current status of endocrine gland abnormalities in patients with thalassemia major.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗

PubMed2003

Acute appendicitis in patients with sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) often present with abdominal pain, usually attributed to vaso-occlusive crisis, but not rarely, it may be caused by other surgical conditions. Acute appendicitis although common in patients with SCD, it is rare and has a rapid course with a high incidence of perforation. METHODS: Over a period of 7 years from 1995 to 2001, only 8 patients with SCD out of 1563 (0.5%) patients with acute appendicitis underwent operation at Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Their histological slides were reviewed and the findings were compared to those with sickle cell trait (9 patients) and control group (28 patients). RESULTS: All patients with SCD and in spite of a short duration of symptoms had a moderate to severe inflammation and the vessels were packed with sickle red blood cells (RBCs) except one who had an intact mucosa, extensive transmural hemorrhage and congested blood vessels with sickled RBCs without inflammatory cell infiltrate. The mucosa was intact in only one patient with SCD when compared to 5 (55.6%) in those with sickle cell trait and 6 (21.4%) in the control group and in the majority (87.5%) of those with SCD there were moderate to severe mucosal ulcerations when compared to those with sickle cell trait (44.4%) or controls (64.3%). CONCLUSION: In patients with SCD, acute appendicitis is rare, and these appendicular changes were a sequelae of blockage of appendiceal vessels by sickled RBCs leading to congestion, edema, and ischemia with subsequent mucosal ulceration and marked inflammatory cell infiltrate.

Abdominal Pain↗

PubMed2002

Kikuchi[corrected]-Fujimoto [corrected] disease.

OBJECTIVE: Kukuchi-Fujimito disease is a rare, benign and self limiting condition, which usually presents with lymphadenopathy or fever of an unknown etiology, or both. Its rarity, as well as the similarity of its clinical features to other more common conditions, contribute to overlooking it in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with lymphadenopathy or fever of an unknown etiology. METHODS: The study was carried out at Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All lymph node excisional biopsies received in the histopathology laboratory between 1989 and 1999 were evaluated and those diagnosed as Kukuchi-Fujimito disease were reviewed for clinical data and histological findings. RESULTS: A total of 6 cases were diagnosed as Kukuchi-Fujimito disease out of 390 lymph node biopsies. All patients were young with an average age of 21.5 years and equal sex distribution. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes with or without fever were the most familiar presenting symptoms. Anemia and leukopenia were observed in 3 patients. There was no recurrence of the lymphadenopathy over a period of 1-12 years follow up. CONCLUSION: Kukuchi-Fujimito disease although rare should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with lymphadenopathy as well as fever of an unknown origin. To obviate unnecessary investigations and therapeutic trials, these patients should undergo early lymph node biopsy which must be interpreted by an experienced pathologist.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Principles of blood transfusion in sickle cell anemia.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the commonly inherited hemoglobinopathies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is characterized by periods of remissions and exacerbations called crises as well as certain pathological phenomenon such as acute chest syndrome, priapism, hepatopathy, and cerebrovascular stroke. Blood transfusion (BT) as therapy and prophylaxis in SCA, although was advocated as early as the 1940's, there are still debates regarding its benefits and risks. This is a review of the value of BT in patients with SCA with emphasis on the risks and benefits as well as guidelines towards safe BT.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗