Biomedical subjects

Hyeon-Joo Kim

Publications and source records attributed to Hyeon-Joo Kim.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Stem cell-based tissue engineering with silk biomaterials.

Silks are naturally occurring polymers that have been used clinically as sutures for centuries. When naturally extruded from insects or worms, silk is composed of a filament core protein, termed fibroin, and a glue-like coating consisting of sericin proteins. In recent years, silk fibroin has been increasingly studied for new biomedical applications due to the biocompatibility, slow degradability and remarkable mechanical properties of the material. In addition, the ability to now control molecular structure and morphology through versatile processability and surface modification options have expanded the utility for this protein in a range of biomaterial and tissue-engineering applications. Silk fibroin in various formats (films, fibers, nets, meshes, membranes, yarns, and sponges) has been shown to support stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation in vitro and promote tissue repair in vivo. In particular, stem cell-based tissue engineering using 3D silk fibroin scaffolds has expanded the use of silk-based biomaterials as promising scaffolds for engineering a range of skeletal tissues like bone, ligament, and cartilage, as well as connective tissues like skin. To date fibroin from Bombyx mori silkworm has been the dominant source for silk-based biomaterials studied. However, silk fibroins from spiders and those formed via genetic engineering or the modification of native silk fibroin sequence chemistries are beginning to provide new options to further expand the utility of silk fibroin-based materials for medical applications.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Cartilage tissue engineering with silk scaffolds and human articular chondrocytes.

Adult cartilage tissue has poor capability of self-repair, especially in case of severe cartilage damage due to trauma or age-related degeneration. Autologous cell-based tissue engineering using three-dimensional (3-D) porous scaffolds has provided an option for the repair of full thickness defects in adult cartilage tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes are the two major cell sources for cartilage tissue engineering. Silk fibroin as a naturally occurring degradable fibrous protein with unique mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility and process-ability has demonstrated strong potential for skeletal tissue engineering. The present study combined adult human chondrocytes (hCHs) with aqueous-derived porous silk fibroin scaffolds for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering. The results were compared with a previous study using the same scaffolds but using MSCs to generate the cartilage tissue outcomes. Culture-expanded hCHs attached to, proliferated and re-differentiated in the scaffolds in a serum-free, chemically defined medium containing TGF-beta1, based on cell morphology, levels of cartilage-related gene transcripts, and the presence of a cartilage-specific ECM. Cell density was critical for the redifferentiation of culture-expanded hCHs in the 3-D aqueous-derived silk fibroin scaffolds. The level of cartilage-related transcripts (AGC, Col-II, Sox 9 and Col-II/Col-I ratio) and the deposition of cartilage-specific ECM were significantly upregulated in constructs initiated with higher seeding density. The hCH-based constructs were significantly different than those formed from MSC-based constructs with respect to cell morphology, zonal structure and initial seeding density needed to successfully generate engineered cartilage-like tissue. These results suggest fundamental differences between stem cell-based (MSC) and primary cell-based (hCH) tissue engineering, as well as the importance of suitable scaffold features, in the optimization of cartilage-related outcomes in vitro. The present work diversifies cell sources in combination with silk fibroin-based tissue engineering applications. Together with our previous studies, the present results show great promise for engineered 3-D silk fibroin scaffolds in autologous cell-based skeletal tissue engineering.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

In vitro cartilage tissue engineering with 3D porous aqueous-derived silk scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells.

Adult cartilage tissue has limited self-repair capacity, especially in the case of severe damages caused by developmental abnormalities, trauma, or aging-related degeneration like osteoarthritis. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into cells of different lineages including bone, cartilage, and fat. In vitro cartilage tissue engineering using autologous MSCs and three-dimensional (3-D) porous scaffolds has the potential for the successful repair of severe cartilage damage. Ideally, scaffolds designed for cartilage tissue engineering should have optimal structural and mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility, controlled degradation rate, and good handling characteristics. In the present work, a novel, highly porous silk scaffold was developed by an aqueous process according to these criteria and subsequently combined with MSCs for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering. Chondrogenesis of MSCs in the silk scaffold was evident by real-time RT-PCR analysis for cartilage-specific ECM gene markers, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of cartilage-specific ECM components. Dexamethasone and TGF-beta3 were essential for the survival, proliferation and chondrogenesis of MSCs in the silk scaffolds. The attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of MSCs in the silk scaffold showed unique characteristics. After 3 weeks of cultivation, the spatial cell arrangement and the collagen type-II distribution in the MSCs-silk scaffold constructs resembles those in native articular cartilage tissue, suggesting promise for these novel 3-D degradable silk-based scaffolds in MSC-based cartilage repair. Further in vivo evaluation is necessary to fully recognize the clinical relevance of these observations.

Adult↗