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Biomedical subjects

I A Andreis

Publications and source records attributed to I A Andreis.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Does the tuberous sclerosis complex include intracranial aneurysms? A case report with a review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Tuberous sclerosis is a protean, genetically determined disease that may involve any organ or tissue and lead to a great number of symptoms and clinical features. OBJECTIVE: Diagnosis can be very difficult in cases with incomplete manifestations (formes fruste) lacking the classic signs of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report a case fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for tuberous sclerosis (shagreen patches, hypomelanotic macules, renal cysts and angiomyolipomas, and "migration tracts" in the cerebral white matter) in association with a giant intracranial aneurysm, but lacking mental retardation, epilepsy and facial angiofibroma. RESULTS: Fourteen other cases of tuberous sclerosis and intracranial aneurysms, all but one without any clear sign of polycystic kidney disease, were found in the literature. CONCLUSION: We suggest that vascular dysplasias in general and aneurysms (mainly intracranial) in particular can be added to the other non-primary diagnostic features for the clinical diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1999

Transient hyperechogenicity of the renal medullary pyramids: incidence in the healthy term newborn.

A screening program was performed on 1881 clinically healthy term newborns, aimed at detecting eventual pathological conditions not diagnosed during pregnancy. Seventy-three cases of transient hyperechogenicity of the renal medullary pyramids were observed, involving one or both kidneys with either sectorial or diffuse pattern. None of the neonates examined had evidence of renal dysfunction and follow-up ultrasound scans demonstrated complete resolution of the sonographic picture. Medullary hyperechogenicity is not rare in healthy term newborns (3.9%); it presents rapid resolution and should be considered in differential diagnosis of pathological conditions.

Female↗
PubMed1998

A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results.

The objective of this paper is to present a new type of volumetric CT which uses the cone-beam technique instead of traditional fan-beam technique. The machine is dedicated to the dento-maxillo-facial imaging, particularly for planning in the field of implantology. The main characteristics of the unit are presented with reference to the technical parameters as well as the software performance. Images obtained are reported as various 2D sections of a volume reconstruction. Also, measurements of the geometric accuracy and the radiation dose absorbed by the patient are obtained using specific phantoms. Absorbed dose is compared with that given off by spiral CT. Geometric accuracy, evaluated with reference to various reconstruction modalities and different spatial orientations, is 0.8-1% for width measurements and 2.2% for height measurements. Radiation dose absorbed during the scan shows different profiles in central and peripheral axes. As regards the maximum value of the central profile, dose from the new unit is approximately one sixth that of traditional spiral CT. The new system appears to be very promising in dentomaxillo-facial imaging and, due to the good ratio between performance and low cost, together with low radiation dose, very interesting in view of large-scale use of the CT technique in such diagnostic applications.

Absorption↗
PubMed1998

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the management of coronoid process hyperplasia: review of five cases.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the imaging features of primary bilateral coronoid hyperplasia, with particular reference to the use of CT and MRI. MATERIALS: A series of five cases is reviewed. RESULTS: The correct diagnosis was achieved with panoramic radiography alone or with the addition of CT. MRI did not provide additional pre-operative information; it was useful in the postoperative assessment of poor functional recovery in order to determine the presence of haematoma and/or fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Although panoramic radiography alone can demonstrate this condition, CT has an important role in diagnosis and is useful for an adequate surgical planning by allowing assessment of the size of impingement of the coronoid processes. MRI is useful for evaluating postoperative complications involving soft tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Delayed separation of an appendix-containing umbilical stump.

A case of delayed separation of the umbilical cord is reported. Ultrasonography and radiographic examination of the stump showed connection with the bowel. During surgery the cord was found to contain the appendix. The authors hypothesize that this anomaly represents a small omphalocele, resulting from failure of the gut to withdraw completely from the umbilical cord, or, less likely, a hernia.

Appendix↗
PubMed1992

Contribution of CT to characterization of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver.

Our personal series of 20 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver is presented. All lesions were studied with computed tomography (CT), 16 of which with surgical control. Retrospective evaluation of the CT features of the identified FNH, along with those of five hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) and 30 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), allowed the definition of specific patterns leading to a correct characterization of FNH in 78% of cases. This greatly reduced the diagnostic errors, with the sole exception of patients with fatty liver in whom nuclear medicine may eventually provide a correct characterization. Fine-needle biopsy is thus only necessary in the dubious cases. A precise diagnostic workup of FNH is necessary, since it may avoid the surgical intervention.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Thoracic complications of pancreatitis.

Pancreatitis may be associated with thoracic complications, notably chronic massive pleural effusion (CMPE) and, rarely, pseudocysts with mediastinal extension (PME) and enzymatic mediastinitis (EM). Our personal experience with 14 cases of thoracic complications (nine CMPE, two PME associated with pleural effusion, and three EM of 670 patients who underwent surgery; of these, 191 had acute and 479 had chronic pancreatitis) during 16 years (1970-1986) is reported. In the patients with CMPE, the initial symptoms were progressive dyspnea eventually associated with cough and chest pain. In the PME cases, there was dysphagia associated with left subscapular pain and left chest pain. The initial signs in the patients with EM were sudden dyspnea, cyanosis, retrosternal pain, tachycardia, and acute heart failure. A fistula between the pancreatic ductal system and the pleural cavity in seven of the nine patients with CMPE was demonstrated by intraoperative pancreatography and/or cystography. On the contrary, preoperative endoscopic pancreatography demonstrated the sinus tract in only three of the seven. In both cases of PME, computed tomography (CT) provided a correct diagnosis that was confirmed at surgery. In the patients with EM, the diagnosis was suggested by the clinical appearance and was confirmed by the chest roentgenogram and by CT. All patients had operations after varying periods of unsuccessful 2-4-week-long conservative treatment. One patient with infected ascites died postoperatively. There were no thoracic recurrences of pancreatic disease among the other patients at a 10-month-10-year follow-up observation after surgery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Left pulmonary artery sling in the adult: case report and review of the literature.

The aberrant left pulmonary artery is a serious anomaly in neonates; in the adult it is most often an incidental finding. One case is reported, incidentally discovered in the diagnostic workup of a patient with a vertebral lytic lesion. This vascular anomaly, mimicking a mediastinal adenopathy on the chest roentgenogram, which also showed a peripheral lung malignancy, was better assessed by an esophagogram (indentation on the posterior tracheal wall as well as on the anterior esophageal wall) along with fluoroscopy which showed the lesion to be pulsating. Its thorough anatomic evaluation was allowed by computed tomography (CT), performed for the staging of the lung tumor. The latter proves the choice modality due to its capability to provide precise information on all the different structures existing in a given cross-section.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of cystic tumors of the pancreas: CT accuracy.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the capabilities of CT to accurately characterize cystic tumors of the pancreas. METHOD: Two observers retrospectively evaluated the CT exams of 100 cystic masses of the pancreas, with pathological confirmation. The two observers, blinded about clinical information and the final diagnosis, tried to categorize the lesions according to well established morphologic features. Statistical analysis was performed to measure the agreement between each radiologist and the consensus diagnosis and to evaluate the usefulness of certain CT findings in differentiating one type of cystic pancreatic neoplasm from another. RESULTS: Serous cystadenoma was better diagnosed by CT [Youden misclassification index (Ymi) = 0.72] than mucinous cystic tumor (Ymi = 0.44) and solid pseudopapillary tumor (cystic variant) (Ymi = 0.47). CONCLUSION: As patients with previous history of pancreatitis were excluded from the study, CT findings allowed correct characterization of only 60% of cystic pancreatic masses. Among the remaining 40%, 15-20% of the wrong diagnoses could not be corrected by means of CT, given the patterns shown by the tumors. In 20-25% of the cases, a nonspecific diagnosis of cystic mass was made.

Contrast Media↗