Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I A Nikiforov.
The article is dedicated to methodical approaches to revealing organopathological consequences of alcohol abuse in adolescents. The author describes laboratory criteria of pre-nosological disturbances in homeostasis which characterize functional changes in the somatic sphere and adaptation. Algorithms of biochemical diagnostics of internal diseases accompanying alcohol abuse are presented.
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Based upon the analysis of 1015 case records of patients, aged 16-70, with different hip joint pathology types, carried out during 1985-1990, there were revealed mistakes and complications after reconstructive-restorative operations. In the group of patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis they noted rather frequent (12% of cases) formation of "tectum" in supratrochanteric region that served as the cause of joint instability and development of arthrosis in future. Cartilaginous limbus, not removed at grave forms of dysplastic coxarthrosis, served as the cause of the pain syndrome in 63% of cases. Carrying out of "osteotomy-medicate" only in patients with aseptic necrosis of femoral head was ineffective in 38% of cases. Total removal of necrotization foci in thigh head with subsequent osseous plasty is necessary. In the process of mobilization operation in case of hyperplastic, coxarthrosis, removal of the lower edge of cotyloid cavity is the obligatory step. Thus, the important condition of favourable terminations of reconstructive-restorative operations is the correct selection of indications, carrying out of complete surgical intervention, rigorous observation of the patient control rules in near and distant postoperative period.
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The purpose of this paper is to address issues pertaining to the substantiation of trends in improving the narcological service with regard to the present restructuring of antialcohol policy. It is necessary to give up the practice of locating narcological facilities in accommodated premises and to develop the network of dispensaries by constructing new types of buildings. It is advisable to drastically expand the basis for post-graduate training of psychiatrists-narcologists by establishing in each economic region chairs of narcology at faculties of post-graduate training of physicians within medical schools, as well as departments of post-graduate training of personnel at scientific research institutes. There is a need to dramatically strengthen the structural subdivisions of narcological service, providing curative and preventive care to drug addicts. Narcological service for teenagers is also in need of improvement, right up to the introduction of posts of psychiatrists-narcologists for teenagers at all narcological institutions. Another task of high priority is the creation of legal mechanism for organising within narcological service, on the cooperative basis, one's own industrial and rural enterprises capable of improving social and labour rehabilitation of patients and, in the and, to ensure the transfer of narcological service to cost-accountable and self-financing practice.
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A study of a new regimen of insulin comatose therapy by intravenous instillation has shown the feasibility of determining the minimal comatose dose of insulin and achieving the comatose state in the first days of insulin therapy. This method makes it possible to utilize the advantages of insulin comatose treatment (a more marked arresting antipsychotic action and the remission persistence). At the same time insulin comatose therapy by intravenous instillation permits the physicians to overcome one of the major drawbacks of this treatment, namely the time lag of the therapeutic response associated with the period of time needed to select the minimal comatose dose which was characteristic of the old method.