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Biomedical subjects

I A Silva

Publications and source records attributed to I A Silva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Prenatal HgCl2 exposure in BALB/c mice: gender-specific effects on the ontogeny of the immune system.

Because mercury is highly toxic to developing organisms, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to HgCl(2) can induce persistent immune dysfunction. Pregnant BALB/c mice were administrated every other day, for 11 days with HgCl(2) (200 microg/kg). Their offspring were studied at PND10, 14, 21, and 60. Lymph nodes (LN), spleens, and thymus were harvested and proliferation and cytokine production were studied in vitro. We report that prenatal HgCl(2) exposure exerts organ-specific effects on cell number, proliferation, and cytokine production in pre-weaning pups. At adulthood (PND60), effects of prenatal HgCl(2) exposure were still observed, but expressed differently in females and males. In adult females, an inhibitory effect was observed on cytokine production by thymocytes, LN cells, and splenocytes. In males, a stimulatory effect was observed. Overall, we conclude that in vivo exposures to low doses of HgCl(2) can induce persistent sex-specific immunotoxic effects, observable in adulthood.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

In vitro HgCl2 exposure of immune cells at different stages of maturation: effects on phenotype and function.

This is the first study to investigate the hypothesis that the immunotoxic effects of inorganic mercury may be modulated by inherent differences in the responsiveness of immune cells related to the age of the donor. We exposed cells from lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus, collected from 7- and 10-day-old CD.1 pups, as well as from adult CD.1 mice, in terms of the effects of mercury in vitro on responses to Con-A stimulation with respect to proliferation, cytokine production, and cell phenotype. The effects of mercury on proliferation were age and organ dependent, while effects on cytokine production were only age dependent. Effects of mercury were observed only on splenocyte T-cell subpopulations and only in cells from 10-day-old pups and from adults. Mercury had no effect on IFN-gamma and IL-4 production by splenocytes from 7-day-old pups, but significantly decreased release of these cytokines by splenocytes from 10-day-old pups and adults. Hg did not affect IL-4 production by lymph node cells or thymocytes. In lymph node cells Hg affected IFN-gamma production only at 7 days. These data indicate that inherent properties of immune cells at different stages of development may influence the response to immunotoxicants.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Gastric probe used in pre-term newborns: study of changes in flexibility of constituent polymer].

The pre-term newborn care at neonatal units, which makes continued use of orogastric probes have drawn our attention to an apparent alteration in probes flexibility upon removal thereof for routine replacement at approximately 72 hours. Due to the lack of elements explaining such facts and information as to whether or not such findings are additional risks to the health condition of such children, the main objective of this study was as follows: to compare the flexibility of vinyl-made gastric probes use for pre-term newborn at 24 48 and 72 hours.

Equipment Failure↗
PubMed2000

[Nursing and breastfeeding: combining secular practices].

Support for breastfeeding, one of the factors contributing to mother-child wellbeing, has increased through innumerable government and non-government initiatives. Despite this, women still have difficulty finding specialised help to solve problems related to breastfeeding and lactation after discharge from hospital. We describe the Domiciliary Attendance to Mother and son, whose aim it is to give assistance and advice to mothers in their homes. This assistance consists of teaching simplified breastfeeding management techniques, based on the Symbolic Interactionism Model. All the women assisted under this program have been able to continue breastfeeding or to re-lactate successfully.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1998

[Production of scientific papers by nurses from public and private hospitals in the district of Sao Paulo].

This study shows the nurse's scientific publication from seven public and six private hospitals in São Paulo city, from january/1989 to june/1995. From a total of 486 papers identified, 242 were published as abstracts, 124 in annals, 92 in nationals and international journals, 21 as book chapters and 7 as books in nursing. The facilities and difficulties in publishing nursing scientific production were also discussed.

Books↗
PubMed1996

[Breast feeding: assuming risks or guaranteeing benefits].

The development of several action of promotion of the breastfeeding seems do not reach many of the variables that determinate the breastfeeding course. With the proposal of understanding what makes the woman decide about breastfeeding or wearing, this study was developed trying to get the conscious meaning of the breastfeeding experience for the woman, how the importance of the breastfeeding is shown by the woman's action and develop a theoretical sample that represents the experience of breastfeeding for the woman. Based on the theoretical presupposition of the Symbolic Interactionism and taking the Grounded Theory as the methodology, we described the breastfeeding based on the woman's point of view. The research shows that the woman experiences the breastfeeding from a process that evaluates and gives value to it, and that is understood by the themes: Evaluating the capability of breastfeeding, Evaluating the woman's feeling and Taking Decisions which the central phenomenon, representative of the process, is called WEIGHING THE RISKS AND BENEFITS. This study shows that the elements that give the policies for the breastfeeding result from the relation between the action of breastfeeding and several significant symbols shown in the interactive situations experienced by the woman.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1996

[Reflections on the practice of breast feeding].

The author makes analyses of breast feeding, doing a reflexion about the mainly indicators who has determined the actual situation, looking for identify ways for win the ideal cenary to future of breast feeding.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1992

[A descriptive study of the defining characteristics of nursing diagnosis: sexual dysfunction].

The defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis "Sexual Dysfunction" were gathered from NAAM assessment records. From this population 96 records with the defining characteristics of Sexual Dysfunction were selected. The 9 defining characteristics proposed by The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association were used as a framework for the data collection tool. The 3 most frequently defining characteristics were absence of sexual desire (71.9%), vaginal discharge (64.5%), and pain (44.8%). The authors concluded that 6 defining characteristics have not appeared; absence of sexual desire and vaginal discharge can be considered as minor characteristics. The authors recommend the implementation of other studies to clarify the subjective defining characteristics.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Response of factor VIII/von Willebrand factor to intranasal DDAVP in healthy subjects and mild haemophiliacs (with observations in patients with combined deficiency of factors V and VIII).

The effect of a single standard dose of intranasal DDAVP (260 micrograms) was investigated in healthy subjects and in patients with mild deficiencies of VIII:C. Changes in FVIII/VWF activities were measured from baseline after 30, 60, 120 and 360 min of administration of the drug. Intranasal DDAVP was followed by a two-fold increase of VIII:C in both groups studied. VIIIR:AG and VIIIR:RCo increased to a lesser extent. Even though FVIII/VWF activities reached their maximum after 60-120 min, a significant increase over baseline was still observed after 360 min. The rise of VIII:C was unrelated to the body weight of the patients and was proportional to the baseline levels of this factor. In two sisters with combined deficiencies of FV/FVIII, the responses in all activities of FVIII/VWF were similar to those seen in mild hemophiliacs. Factor V did not undergo any variation. No alteration in serum osmolarity and no consistent variation in blood pressure or pulse rate were noted. It is concluded that the i.n. administration of a single high dose of DDAVP might be adopted to provide an emergency aid in bleeding patients with mild to moderate haemophilia A and to yield higher VIII:C levels in blood donors.

Administration, Intranasal↗