The human health effects of exposure to polybrominated biphenyls.
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Accidents, Occupational↗
Biomedical subjects
I A Smokler
Publications and source records attributed to I A Smokler.
Speech pause time: a marker of psychomotor retardation among endogenous depressives.
Speech pause time (SPT)-the silent interval between phonations during automatic speech-is elongated during depressive episodes among endogenous depressives. Phonation time is unchanged. To follow up and expand earlier small-scale studies of these psychomotor findings we conducted a prospective determination of SPT among 24 unipolar (UP) depressives, 12 bipolar (BP) depressives, and 19 nondepressed controls. SPT was lengthened among both UP and BP depressives during their episodes. This elongation disappeared with clinical improvement. Nondepressed controls did not have longer SPT. During states of clinical remission, depressives and controls had comparable SPT values. Replications are required, but the measurement of SPT appears to be a useful, objective technique for identifying and monitoring psychomotor deceleration among depressives.
Bipolar Disorder↗
Cerebral lateralization and personality style.
Hysterical and obsessive-compulsive style subjects, as determined by a modified Rorschach test and the Wechslar Adult Intelligence Scale Comprehension subtest, were questioned in a face-to-face format where lateral eye movements were surreptitiously observed. Only right-handed subjects were used. It has been argued that lateral eye movements index immediate hemispheric activation after questions--the first such eye movement being a direction opposite to the putatively activated hemisphere. There was significantly more left-looking among the hysterical subjects than among the obsessive-compulsive style subjects.
Adult↗
Field independence, lateralization and defensive style.
This study investigated the relationship between field independence and defense clustering as measured by the Defense Mechanisms Inventory and lateral eye movements. Subjects had previously been classified either as hysterical or obsessive style by the Rorschach and WAIS Comprehension subtest. Previous findings indicate that these subjects have a preferred direction of lateral eye movement in a questioning format (hysterical style = left; obsessive style = right). This study found no relationship between field independence and defense clustering and lateral eye movements. To the extent that eye gaze indexes hemispheric activation, we conclude that neither field independence nor defense clustering was related to hemispheric lateralization.
Adult↗