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Biomedical subjects

I A Ujah

Publications and source records attributed to I A Ujah.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Changes in menstrual and haematological indices among Norplant acceptors.

A longitudinal study of women using Norplant(R) was conducted to determine the effects of levonorgestrel implants on menstrual and haematological indices among the acceptors. Packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) concentrations (total and differential), and platelet concentration were performed at pre-insertion and at the 12-month follow-up. Each acceptor received a menstrual calendar to chart all bleeding, and spotting events. The mean PCV was 40.5 +/- 2. 4 at insertion and had a statistically significant (p <0.01) rise to a mean value of 42.2 +/- 2.6 at 12 months. The mean WBC concentration had a significant decrease at 12 months (p <0.001) when compared with the pre-insertion value. Similarly, the neutrophil and lymphocyte concentration had a statistically significant decrease (p <0.05 and p <0.01, respectively) at 12 months of use. The reduced values in the concentrations of monocytes, eosinophils and basophils did not reach significant levels. The mean value of the platelet concentrations had a significant decline at 12 months of use (p <0.001). Reduced bleeding patterns were more commonly reported compared to increased bleeding episodes. This pattern was associated with increased PCV, a change that may prevent anaemia in developing countries. The decline in the platelet concentration at 12 months of study was, however, a source of concern that will require follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Contraceptive intentions of women seeking induced abortion in the city of Jos, Nigeria.

This is a prospective study involving 120 women who requested abortion for an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy. We sought to determine their contraceptive intentions and use. The characteristics of these women revealed that the majority were young, single schoolgirls with 68.5% of them being nulliparous. Over 90% had had their first sexual experience before the age of 20 years. Although, 113 (94%) were aware of the availability of contraceptive services only 70 (62%) of these had ever used a method and the majority of the contraceptive methods selected were ineffective. Although 97 (80.8%) had a positive intention towards post-abortion family planning, only 18 (18.5%) eventually agreed and were offered a method after the termination of pregnancy. The study revealed a high risk group of unplanned and unwanted pregnancy in Jos but low contraceptive use despite the high positive intentions expressed by this cohort of patients. Effective post-abortion contraception counselling should be incorporated into family planning in Nigeria in order that clients who express positive intentions to the use of family planning actually use the method thereby reducing the incidence of repeated induced abortions and its social and medical consequences.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Fourteen years' experience in voluntary female sterilization through minilaparotomy in Jos, Nigeria.

Between January 1985 and December 1998, 2913 female sterilizations through minilaparotomy were performed. The mean (+/- SD) age was 36.4 +/- 4.2 years and 68% of the women were between the ages of 30 and 39 years. The mean (+/- SD) parity distribution was 8.0 +/- 2.0; 59.5% of the patients were para > or = 8, and the mean (+/- SD) number of living children was 6.8 +/- 1.6. Only 32.9% had the equivalent > or = 8 number of living children at the time of the procedure. Completed desired family size was the indication for the tubal occlusion in 95% of the patients. The predominant surgical technique was Pomeroy's method in 97%. Tubal ligation as an interval procedure was performed in 93.6% and local anesthesia was used in 83.7%. The study showed a yearly increase in the growth of voluntary surgical contraception at the institution, made possible by trained personnel.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

How safe is motherhood in Nigeria?: the trend of maternal mortality in a tertiary health institution.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude and trend of maternal mortality in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. SUBJECT: All women dying in pregnancy, labour and puerperium. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal mortality ratio, trend of maternal mortality, age, antenatal booking status, educational status, main causes of maternal death, factors contributing to maternal deaths. RESULTS: The maternal mortality ratio was 739/100,000 total deliveries and trend rose from 450/100,000 in 1990 to 1,060/100,000 total deliveries in 1994. About 33% of all maternal deaths occurred among teenagers. The risk factors for maternal deaths included adolescence, grand multiparity, illiteracy and non-utilisation of antenatal services. The main causes of maternal mortality were haemorrhage (28.1%), sepsis (21.3%) and eclampsia (15.7%). The contributions of complicated induced abortion and anaesthetic deaths in this study are worthy of mention. CONCLUSION: The maternal mortality ratio is unacceptably high in Jos University Teaching Hospital more particularly because of the rising trend. Socio-cultural and economic factors contributed immensely to the high maternal mortality in Jos. The objective of the World Health Organisation (WHO) to reduce maternal mortality by 50% by the year 2000 will not be achieved in this part of Nigeria. Nonetheless, improvement of the nation's economy coupled with a stable policy and provision of intrastructural facilities will assist to significantly reduce maternal mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Pain control in voluntary surgical contraception.

The reduction of anxiety and control of pain in 1,546 clients undergoing voluntary surgical contraception (VSC) is presented. Psychological support through adequate counselling and abdominal breathing exercises are vital. General anaesthesia was used in 254 (16.4%) of the clients; sedation plus local anaesthetic agents in 296 (19.2%) while local anaesthetic alone was used in 996 (64.4%) of clients. There was progressive shift from the use of general anaesthesia (GA) to local anaesthesia (LA), particularly for the minilaparotomy procedure following the introduction of Association for Voluntary Surgical Contraception (AVSC) programme in our department since this type of anaesthesia was cheap, safe, affordable and readily available. Recommendations for successful VSC techniques include gentle tissue handling, proper use of the correct instruments to reduce painful stimuli, while low dose intravenous sedation should be used only when necessary. Minilaparotomy under local anaesthesia (ML/LA) has been successfully established in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Sexual activity and attitudes toward contraception among women seeking termination of pregnancy in Zaria, northern Nigeria.

One hundred and eight (108) women seeking termination of pregnancy in Zaria were studied during a period of 3 months (October to December 1985). The mean age was 21.8 years (range 15-38); 35.6% were below the age of 20 years and 57% were students. The three major tribes engage in illegal termination of pregnancy and Yorubas were in the majority; 53.3% had history of previous induced abortion. Sixty-three percent had had sexual experience by the age of 18 years. The major reasons for seeking termination of pregnancy were "still in school" and "not married." Although 88.8% had knowledge of contraception, less than half actually used any method. Of the 60 patients who volunteered information on their views on legalization of abortion, 21 (35%) were against legalization of abortion for various reasons. Family health education in schools and contraceptive counseling among the adolescents will reduce the prevalence of illegal abortions and its disastrous consequences.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1985

Anaemia and iron status of pregnant and non-pregnant women in the guinea savanna of Nigeria.

Haemoglobin concentration, serum iron, iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin and serum ferritin (SF) were measured in 66 elite non-pregnant and 95 pregnant (27 elite and 68 non-elite) Nigerian women at Zaria, in the guinea savanna. Anaemia (as defined) was observed in 46% non-pregnant, 37% pregnant elite and 52% pregnant non-elite women. Iron deficiency (as defined) was diagnosed in 54, 30 and 25%, respectively. The mean SF in pregnant elite (28.9 micrograms l-1 was lower, but not significantly, than in pregnant non-elite women (33.6 micrograms l-1, either because of less inflammatory disease or because of more iron deficiency. The prevalence of anaemia tended to fall with increasing parity, being 52% in primigravidae and 40% in grande-multigravidae; this was probably due to greater risk of malaria-induced anaemia in primigravidae. In contrast, prevalence of iron deficiency increased with parity, being 18 and 35%, respectively, in primigravidae and grande-multigravidae. Anaemia and iron deficiency were seen most frequently in the third trimester. Pregnant women in the north of Nigeria require iron supplements irrespective of socioeconomic status or maternal parity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anaesthesia for minilaparotomy female sterilization in JUTH, Nigeria: a fourteen-year review.

This is a retrospective study aimed at evaluating the various anaesthetic methods used for minilaparotomy female sterilization. During the fourteen-year period, 2913 clients had minilaparotomy female sterilization. Their mean age was 36.35 +/- 4.19 years. Mean number of living children was 6.82 +/- 1.64. 74.87% of the clients did not have any formal education, but were aware of other contraceptive options. In all 98.42% of the clients were married and in a stable relationships. Local anaesthesia with 1% xylocaine (10-20 mls) was used in 83.69% of the cases. Local anaesthesia with sedation in 13.53% and general anaesthesia in only 2.78%. Above 93.55% (2725) of the sterilization was carried out as an interval procedure, while 6.45% (188) were done postpartum. Pomeroy's technique was used in 96.98% of the tubal ligation. There was no mortality. The morbidity was vomiting and hallucination and it occurred in 0.20% amongst the clients who had sedation or general anaesthesia. Minilaparotomy under local anaesthesia for female sterilization has been found to be safe an effective outpatient procedure, and it is currently and established family planning option in our institution. The use of local anaesthesia alone gradually rose from 1987 up to date. The successful outcome was attributable to psychological and emotional preparation of the clients who also had to learn abdominal breathing exercises (for easy access to the fallopian tubes) from the trained personnel before the procedure.

Adult↗