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Biomedical subjects

I Ando

Publications and source records attributed to I Ando.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

A study of conformational stability of polyglycine and poly(L-alanine), and polyglycine/poly(L-alanine) blends in the solid state by (13)C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning NMR.

13C Cross-Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning nmr and T(1rhoH) experiments of polyglycine (PG), poly(L-alanine) (PLA), and PG/PLA blends prepared from dichloroacetic acid solution have been carried out, in order to elucidate the conformational stability of these polypeptides in the solid state. From these experimental results, it was clarified that the conformations of PG and PLA in their blends are strongly influenced by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions that cause their miscibility at the molecular level.

Carbon Isotopes↗
PubMed2000

Production of 105Rh-EDTMP and its bone accumulation.

105Rh has favorable physical characteristics as a radiotherapeutic nuclide. Carrier-free 105Rh can be produced by the neutron activation of 104Ru followed by beta decay of 105Ru. It was clarified that carrier-free 105Rh can be produced in quantities and the purity necessary for chemical and clinical investigations of its use as a nuclide for radiotherapy. 105Rh-EDTMP was simply obtained from 105Rh3+ and EDTMP by heating for 30 min in boiling water, giving a radiochemical yield of > 99%. Dissociation of radioactivity assessed by paperchromatography was negligible for up to 5 days after its preparation. In animals, 105Rh-EDTMP showed rapid blood clearance and selective uptake in the bone. Hence, 105Rh-EDTMP is thought to be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of pain due to bone metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between the biodistributions of radioactive metal nuclides in tumor tissue and the physicochemical properties of these metal ions.

This study was undertaken to elucidate the relationship between the biodistribution of radioactive metal nuclides in tumor tissue and its physicochemical properties. Potassium analogs (86Rb, 134Cs, 201Tl) were taken up into viable tumor tissue, although 22Na concentrated in necrotic tumor tissue. 67Ga and 111In were more predominant in inflammatory tissue than in the viable and necrotic tumor tissue. 169Yb and 167Tm accumulated in viable tumor tissue and tissue containing viable and necrotic tumor tissue. 67Ga, 111In, 169Yb and 167Tm were bound to the acid mucopolysaccharide with a mol. wt. of about 10,000 daltons in the tumor tissue. 46Sc, 51Cr, 95Zr, 181Hf, 95Nb, 182Ta, and 103Ru were highly concentrated in inflammatory tissue and were bound to the acid mucopolysaccharides with a mol. wt. exceeding 40,000 daltons. 65Zn and 103Pd concentrated in viable tumor tissue and were bound to the protein in the tissue. The results suggest that the difference in intra-tumor distribution of these elements is caused by a difference in the binding substances (or status) of these elements in the tissues, and the binding substance is determined by physicochemical properties of the elements. We therefore conclude that the biodistribution of radioactive metal ions in tumor tissue is determined by its own physicochemical properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Equivalent dipoles for middle latency auditory evoked potentials using the dipole tracing method.

During the last decade, new dipole localization techniques have prompted the search for the neuronal generators of evoked potentials. In this study we have reported the equivalent dipoles for the middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MAEPs) by the mean of these localization using the dipole tracing method. MAEPs that were recorded from 19 normal human subjects attending to random binaural clicks were analyzed using the dipole tracing method. Equivalent dipoles (EDs) were found, using both the single-dipole model and the two-dipole model, for components occurring from 0 to 60 ms after stimulus onset. The dipole analysis accounted for the real head geometry based on three-dimensional digitization of measured head shape, and the results were experimentally correlated to those of magnetic resonance imaging to increase the accuracy of ED localization. For components in the first 15 ms latency (P0 and Na), neither model provided EDs with reproducible high dipolality. Na was particularly difficult to analyze, as this component was often contaminated by myogenic potentials. The results provided by the two-dipole model for the Pa component (20-30 ms) showed three variations: in three subjects, one ED was located in each supratemporal cortex; in another three, one ED was located in the right temporal cortex and the other in the midbrain; and in the remaining thirteen subjects, both EDs were in the midbrain. The single-dipole model and the two-dipole model both found EDs in the midbrain for Nb. Further study is necessary to determine the cause or causes of the variety in our results. And it is also necessary to try the study using unilateral ear stimulation with/without contralateral masking noise for understanding the mechanism of the binaural interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Fibrous membrane formation at the capsular margin in capsule contraction syndrome.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the pathogenesis of capsule contraction syndrome involves the outgrowth of the fibrous membrane from the anterior capsule margin. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, and the Ando Eye Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records and slitlamp photographs was conducted in 12 eyes (10 patients) that had required treatment for a narrowed anterior capsule opening after cataract surgery. All patients had had continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens in the capsular bag. Specimens of surgically removed fibrous membrane were examined by histopathological methods. RESULTS: Fibrous membrane on the inner surface of the anterior capsule and the linear folds of the anterior capsule were present in each eye. In 10 eyes of 8 patients, the fibrous membrane was on the outer surface of the anterior capsule and covered the capsular folds at its margin. Pathological study showed that this fibrous membrane consisted of the flattened lens epithelial cells that proliferated on the inner and outer surfaces of the shrunken anterior capsule. The outgrowth of this membrane from the margin of the anterior capsule to the center of the opening of the anterior capsule was noted. CONCLUSION: In this study, capsule contraction syndrome involved contraction of the fibrous membrane as well as its outgrowth from the capsule margin.

Actins↗
PubMed1999

Relish, a central factor in the control of humoral but not cellular immunity in Drosophila.

The NF-kappa B-like Relish gene is complex, with four transcripts that are all located within an intron of the Nmdmc gene. Using deletion mutants, we show that Relish is specifically required for the induction of the humoral immune response, including both antibacterial and antifungal peptides. As a result, the Relish mutants are very sensitive to infection. A single cell of E. cloacae is sufficient to kill a mutant fly, and the mutants show increased susceptibility to fungal infection. In contrast, the blood cell population, the hematopoietic organs, and the phagocytic, encapsulation, and melanization responses are normal. Our results illustrate the importance of the humoral response in Drosophila immunity and demonstrate that Relish plays a key role in this response.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

A large number of tandem repeats in the polymorphic epithelial mucin gene is associated with severe acne.

Polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) or MUC1 is a glycoprotein secreted from various epithelial gland tissues. In skin, PEM is detected in sweat glands and sebaceous glands by the DF3 monoclonal antibody. The gene of PEM includes an allele exhibiting length polymorphism due to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR); this is expressed co-dominantly, which may influence the microenvironment of the skin. The allelic size variation of the PEM gene was investigated in Japanese acne patients, atopic dermatitis patients, and healthy controls. The frequency of longer length alleles was significantly higher in severe acne patients.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1998

177Lu-EDTMP: a potential therapeutic bone agent.

Lutetium-177 (177Lu) has both beta particle emissions for a therapeutic effect and gamma emissions for imaging. This study was undertaken to synthesize and evaluate 177Lu-EDTMP (ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid) as a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical for the palliation of pain from bone metastases. Chelation of 177Lu to EDTMP was obtained by heating for 30 min in boiling water at pH 8.8, resulting in a radiochemical yield of over 99%. The compound was stable for 20 days without any appreciable dissociation. Biodistribution studies in normal rats indicated selective bone accumulation, showing faster blood clearance, higher bone uptake and higher bone-to-soft tissue ratios than 99Tcm-MDP. In conclusion, 177Lu-EDTMP has favourable biological and physical characteristics for the palliative treatment of painful bone metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Cellulitis of the eyelids associated with sinusitis and brain abscess.

Erythema in the orbital area can indicate systemic and life-threatening diseases. We experienced an unusual and serious case of orbital cellulitis that was difficult to distinguish from a case with good prognosis. A 21-year-old man developed an erythema around his eyes. He exhibited no symptoms that would suggest lesions in deep tissues, but his condition turned out to be cellulitis retrogradely metastasized from an odontogenic sinusitis traced to a dental treatment problem. Computed tomography revealed complication of a large abscess in the frontal lobe. Cellulitis of the orbital area requires particular clinical discretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Regulation of cerebral blood flow response to somatosensory stimulation through the cholinergic system: a positron emission tomography study in unanesthetized monkeys.

The effects of scopolamine, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist and physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) response to vibrotactile stimulation of the forepaw were studied in the brain of unanesthetized monkeys using 15O-labeled water and high resolution positron emission tomography. Before scopolamine administration, vibrotactile stimulation produced a significant increase in the rCBF response in the contralateral somatosensory cortex of the monkey brain. Intravenous administration of scopolamine at doses ranging from 1 to 500 microg/kg resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of the rCBF response. The rCBF response abolished by scopolamine (50 microg/kg) was recovered by administration of physostigmine (10 microg/kg). On the other hand, the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) response, measured with [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, to the same stimulation was unchanged by administration of either scopolamine and/or physostigmine. These results suggested that cholinergic mechanisms might be involved in regulation of the coupling between neuronal activity and rCBF response, not between the activity and rCMRglc response.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Solid-state variable-temperature 1H MAS NMR studies on deuterated polyethylene.

Solid-state variable-temperature/magic angle spinning (VT/MAS) 1H NMR measurements were carried out on deuterated polyethylene. From these experimental results it was found that the 1H chemical shift induced by conformational and morphological changes of the polyethylene sample is within the linewidth of approximately 0.5 ppm. Furthermore, from MAS/dipolar decoupling experiments it was found that the resonance frequency of the proton varies linearly with the inverse square of the deuterium decoupling power. This experimental finding is discussed theoretically.

Deuterium↗
PubMed1997

Functional activation of cerebral blood flow abolished by scopolamine is reversed by cognitive enhancers associated with cholinesterase inhibition: a positron emission tomography study in unanesthetized monkeys.

The effects of somatosensory stimulation on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) response were studied in unanesthetized monkeys before and after treatment with scopolamine and three cognitive enhancers (physostigmine, E2020 and tacrine) that inhibit cholinesterase, using 15O-labeled water and high-resolution positron emission tomography. Under control conditions, somatosensory stimulation induced a significant increase in the rCBF response in the contralateral somatosensory cortex of monkey brain. Intravenous administration of scopolamine (50 microg/kg) resulted in abolishment of the rCBF response to stimulation. The rCBF response abolished by pretreatment with scopolamine was recovered by administration of physostigmine (1 or 10 microg/kg), E2020 (10 or 100 microg/kg) or tacrine (100 or 1000 microg/kg), in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of E2020 (100 microg/kg) on the rCBF response lasted for >4 hr, whereas the effects of physostigmine and tacrine were of shorter duration. These findings suggest that these compounds reversed the scopolamine-abolished rCBF response to somatosensory stimulation via enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission, which was mainly induced by cholinesterase inhibition.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Assignment of genes coding for leukocyte surface molecules to river buffalo chromosomes.

A panel of 35 somatic cell hybrids between river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.) and Chinese hamster was used in combination with 40 monoclonal antibodies to find synteny among leukocyte antigens and between already established synteny groups and leukocyte antigens. Six synteny groups were identified and three sets of markers were related to already existing synteny groups. Antibody IL-A165 detected CD71, which is syntenic with synteny groups U10 and U25, confirming that U10 and U25 are both are on a biarmed river buffalo chromosome. This would imply that U25 could be assigned to the short arm of the river buffalo chromosome 1 (BBU 1p), as U10 has previously been assigned to this chromosome. Antibodies Buf 32, Buf 24 and BAGB27 detected an antigen syntenic with U1 and U7. This finding suggests that U1, which is assigned to cattle chromosome 16, which corresponds to river buffalo chromosome 5q, is syntenic with U7, and that U7 is located on the short arm of buffalo chromosome 5. Furthermore, the gene coding for CD14 is assigned to U16, which is on cattle chromosome 11 and expected to be on river buffalo chromosome 12.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Alteration of human melanoma gangliosides by IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4.

In lesions of malignant melanoma, melanoma cells are exposed to various cytokines produced by inflammatory reactions. As a result, transformation of melanoma cells is expected to occur. We studied alterations in human melanoma cell line ganglioside composition after exposing melanoma cell lines to interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-4 by biochemical methods. IFN-gamma increases the ratio of a-series gangliosides and the ratio of GM3/GD3. This suggests an alteration of immunoreactivity, a decrease in ganglioside sialyltransferase II activity, and an decrease in the malignant character of these cells. The alteration of the ganglioside profile varied among cytokines and cell lines. The progression of malignant melanoma may be influenced by reciprocal interactions between the melanoma cells and the host immune system.

Gangliosides↗
PubMed1995

Effects of glutamate dehydrogenase, choline oxidase, and glucose-6-phosphatase on 67Ga accumulation in lysosome.

AIM: To clarify the effects of the activities of hepatic enzymes in liver, hepatoma, and malignant tumor on 67Ga accumulation in lysosome. METHODS: 67Ga-citrate solution was prepared from carrier-free 67Ga-citrate solution 0.08 mol.L-1 and sodium citrate solution 0.08 mol.L-1, and was injected iv 0.4 ml to the rats. Subcellular fractions of the liver were measured for radioactivity of 67Ga by a well-type scintillation counter (Aloka JDC-701). Glutamate dehydrogenase, choline oxidase, and G-6-P activities were calculated as described by Shimizu H, Ikuta S, and Baginski E, respectivily. RESULTS: 67Ga radioactivity in normal liver lysosome (55%) was significantly higher than those in hepatoma AH 109A (32%) and Yoshida sarcoma (18%). Glutamate dehydrogenase activities were 1830 +/- s 320 U.L-1 in normal liver while 23 +/- s 6 U.L-1 in hepatoma AH 109A, and 7 +/- s 2 U.L-1 in Yoshida sarcoma. Choline oxidase activities were 46 +/- s 10 U.L-1 for normal, 25.0 +/- s 0.4 U.L-1 for hepatoma AH 109A, and 2.0 +/- s 0.4 U.L-1 for Yoshida sarcoma. G-6-P activities were 2550 +/- s 180 U.L-1 in normal, 84 +/- s 14 U.L-1 in hepatoma AH 109A, and 78 +/- s 13 U.L-1 in Yoshida sarcoma. CONCLUSION: Lysosome of normal rat liver in which hepatic enzymes work actively played a major role in the tissue concentration of 67Ga, but the role diminishes with the neoplastic transformation into hepatoma. The lysosome of Yoshida sarcoma does not play any role in 67Ga accumulation because it does not possess any features of liver.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗