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Biomedical subjects

I Aviad

Publications and source records attributed to I Aviad.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Radiologic evidence of a nuchal arm in the breech-presenting fetus at the onset of labor: an indication for abdominal delivery.

The occurrence of a nuchal arm during vaginal breech delivery is a potentially traumatic event associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality. This problem usually cannot be anticipated and must be overcome immediately on diagnosis during the second stage of labor. The results of a retrospective analysis of radiologic studies of 115 cases of term singleton breech deliveries are presented here. A nuchal arm in the first stage of labor was diagnosed in five cases, an incidence of 4.35%. Of four vaginal breech deliveries, one case resulted in severe handicapping neonatal trauma. We suggest that radiologic diagnosis of a nuchal arm in the first stage of labor should indicate abdominal delivery.

Arm↗
PubMed1987

Lung resection for bronchiectasis in children.

Twenty children with bronchiectasis underwent pulmonary resections during an 8-year period. All patients suffered from significant symptoms that did not respond to medical treatment and had localised disease. In 7 patients bronchiectasis developed following foreign body aspiration and in two the aetiology was cystic fibrosis and immune deficiency, respectively. The lower lobes were most commonly involved. Atelectasis of the remaining ipsilateral lung was the most common postoperative complication occurring in four patients. One patient required reoperation for recurrent symptoms. Fifteen out of 18 patients who underwent curative resections were asymptomatic in the longterm follow-up. It is concluded that for children with significant symptoms due to localised bronchiectasis that fails to respond to medical treatment, resection of the affected lobes is indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Isolated emphysematous gastritis in an infant.

A case of isolated emphysematous gastritis in a full-term infant, which is the fifth so far in the medical literature, is described. Predisposing factors, mode of treatment, and sequelae differ from the rare adult form of this disease. Of special interest are malnutrition as a predisposing factor in the development of this disease in infants and the very important role of intravenous hyperalimentation in its successful treatment.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Dysphagia as a primary manifestation of hyperthyroidism.

A 69-year old woman suffered from severe dysphagia, abdominal pain, and weight loss. The dysphagia was accompanied by nasal speech, nasal regurgitation of food, weakness, and wasting of the proximal muscles of the upper and lower girdles. Laboratory data revealed T3 sephadex uptake 65.2%; T4 15.1 mcg%; and T3 250 ng%. Treatment with antithyroid medication reversed the manifestation of all the symptoms, including dysphagia. Cine-studies revealed esophageal motor dysfunction as the cause of the dysphagia. Hyperthyroidism is a rare, but treatable cause of unexplained dysphagia.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Pneumatocele in infants and children. Report of 12 cases.

Pneumatoceles were found in 2.4 per cent of 493 infants and children with pneumonia. In all cases, attempts were made to establish the etiology by means of blood cultures and of deep tracheal aspirations or pleural punctures, when indicated. A definite cause was established in 9 of 12 cases. Seven were due to infection: in two Hemophilus influenzae was involved; two others were due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were each isolated in one case. Two pneumatoceles were seen following kerosene ingestion. A coagulase negative staphylococcus isolated only on blood culture in one other child may have been related to the illness. Two patients experienced spontaneous pneumothorax and died of progressive respiratory failure due to enlargement of the pneumatocele, but all the other patients recovered without complication. Pneumatoceles in childhood can result from a variety of bacterologic infections as well as from kerosene ingestion.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1979

Congenital colonic atresia and stenosis.

Five more cases are added to the 88 reported cases of successfully treated newborns with congenital colonic atresia and stenosis. Because colonic atresia and stenosis are lethal conditions when untreated, early diagnosis and operative treatment are major requisites for survival. A two-stage procedure consisting of an emergency colostomy for decompression as the first stage and an elective resection with anastomosis a few months later is recommended. The need for thorough exploration of the abdomen is emphasized because atresias may be multiple or may be associated with additional gastrointestinal anomalies.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Prenatal diagnosis of achondrogenesis.

An achondrogenic fetus, in whom the diagnosis was made prior to delivery by plain abdominal X-rays, is presented. The intrauterine characteristic roentgenographic manifestations are the short dense tubular bones of the extremities. An early diagnosis in fetuses with this disease can be made on a plain abdominal X-ray in the 22nd-24th week of gestation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Vesicocolic fistula due to "collision" between adenocarcinoma of the colon and transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

A patient with sigmoidocystic fistula due to "collision" between mucoid adenocarcinoma of the colon and transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is presented. A wide resection of the colonic tumor, along with the involved bladder segment, and a decompressive colostomy with bladder drainage by catheter, were performed. The clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures, operative treatment, and prognosis are discussed. Although fistular formation is an indication of advanced carcinoma, wide resection of the tumor and the associated fistular along with the node-bearing area will result in a reasonable percentage of 5-year survivals.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1976

Pulmonary varices. Report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two cases of pulmonary varices are presented. The lesion is rare, and only 32 cases have been reported in the literature. Although the lesion is benign in nature, complications are possible, and death has occurred from rupture of the varix intrapleurally or into the bronchial tree.

Adolescent↗