PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Azuma

Publications and source records attributed to I Azuma.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Relationship of anti-tuberculous protection to lung granuloma produced by intravenous injection of synthetic 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine with or without specific antigens.

Intravenous administration of 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (mycol-MDP) together with a specific antigen, PPD, in a water-in-oil emulsion was found to produce lung granuloma and to provide a low but significant grade of protection in mice against tuberculous infection within 4 weeks. However, these products, when given in an oil-in-water emulsion did not produce granuloma. Mycol-MDP alone produced comparable lung granuloma in both C57Bl/6 mice, high responders to BCG cell walls (CW), and C3H/He mice, low responders, 1 week after the injection, and when challenged at this time by aerosol containing virulent bovine tubercle bacilli, they showed significantly increased resistance. The present results confirmed the close relationship between lung granuloma and protection against aerosol challenge with Ravenel and revealed that the extent of lung granuloma at the time of aerosol challenge is crucial for the development of protection in mice immunized with mycol-MDP plus PPD as it is in mice immunized with BCG CW. However, these findings are not always the case for lung granuloma induced with mycol-MDP alone.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1980

Effect of Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton on the induction of lung cancer and amyloidosis by 3-methylcholanthrene in rabbits.

Repeated intravenous administrations of oil-attached Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton (N. rubra-CWS) prevented the induction of lung cancer by intrabronchial instillations of 3-methylcholanthrene in rabbits. Amyloidosis was seen after giving 3-methylcholanthrene, and the incidence was higher in the N. rubra-CWS administered rabbits than in the controls.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

Adjuvant immunotherapy of lung cancer with BCG cell wall skeleton (BCG-CWS).

Four hundred fifty-five patients with lung cancer were treated with oil-attached cell-wall skeleton of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG-CWS) as adjuvant immunotherapy following initial conventional therapy. The overall survival period of the patients was prolonged significantly as compared with that of 380 patients in a historical control group receiving initial conventional therapy alone (p less than 0.0001). The prolongation of the survival period of the patients was also statistically significant when classified according to clinical stages and histological cell types. The therapeutic effect was remarkable in patients combined with malignant pleurisy. Intrapleural injection of BCG-CWS resulted in not only prevention of accumulation of pleural effusion and abrogation of tumor cells but also in prolongation of survival period (P = 0.016). No serious side effects due to BCG-CWS were experienced. From the previous experimental studies and clinical experiences with human tumors, it can be concluded that adjuvant immunotherapy with BCG-CWS is a useful therapeutic modality for lung cancer, especially in cases combined with malignant pleurisy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Adjuvant activity of 6-O-mycoloyl derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl-L-seryl-D-isoglutamine and related compounds in mice and guinea pigs.

Adjuvant and antitumor activities of synthetic-6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-seryl-D-isoglutamine and 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-glycyl-D-isoglutamine were examined in comparison with those of 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine. Synthetic 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-seryl-D-isoglutamine was active as an adjuvant for the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to m-[4-(4'-arsono-phenylazo)-phenyl]-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pigs and for cell-mediated cytotoxicity in allogeneic mice. 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-glycyl-D-isoglutamine was inactive as an adjuvant for the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity in guinea pigs; however, it was active for cell-mediated cytotoxicity in allogeneic mice. 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-seryl-D-isoglutamine and 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-glycyl-D-isoglutamine were not pyrogenic in rabbits. The antitumor activity of these 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptides was examined preliminarily by using transplantable syngeneic mouse tumors.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

Prophylactic effect of BCG cell-wall skeleton on the tumor induction by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in mice: strain difference.

Prophylactic effect of repeated intravenous administrations of oil-attached BCG cell-wall skeleton (BCG-CWS) on the induction of tumor by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) was investigated in various strains of mice. The subcutaneous injection of DMBA emulsified in oil induced squamous cell carcinoma in almost all of the strains of mice. Treatment of C57BL/6, BALB/c, and ddO strains with BCG-CWS with appropriate route and timing resulted in the retardation of DMBA-induced tumor development manifested by a prolonged latent period of tumor outgrowth. In contrast, the same BCG-CWS treatment of C3H/He and BTK mice was incapable in preventing such DMBA-induced carcinogenesis. Thus, the treatment with BCG-CWS was effective for preventing the DMBA-induced carcinogenesis in certain strains of mice, but the effectiveness varied depending on the strain. The implication of such a strain variationof the BCG-CWS effect on the prophylaxis of chemical carcinogenesis was discussed in the context of differences in the magnitude of immunopotentiation of the host by BCG-CWS.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1979

Nonspecific adjuvant immunotherapy of lung cancer with cell wall skeleton of Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

Nonspecific adjuvant immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin cell wall skeleton (BCG-CWS) was given to 155 lung cancer patients. Clinical effects of the BCG-CWS treatment were estimated by comparing the survival of the BCG-CWS group with that of a historical control group on the basis of 4-year results. Significant prolongation of survival time has been observed in Clinical Stages II, III (M0) and III (M1). However, most Stage III patients who were given the BCG-CWS treatment died of cancer itself after marked prolongation of survival time. An increase in complete cure rate has been expected only in Stages I and II. Surgicopathological staging was used in resected cases. Resected cases at any stage were sensitive to treatment with BCG-CWS. Histologically, all types of lung cancer including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and anaplastic carcinoma were sensitive to treatment with BCG-CWS. Intrapleural administration of BCG-CWS to patients with malignant pleurisy was effective in controlling the pleural effusion and prolonging the survival time. No serious complication has been experienced in our study.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Cytostatic activity of peripheral blood monocytes against bronchogenic carcinoma cells in patients with lung cancer.

Cytostatic acitivity of peripheral blood monocytes against cultured cell lines of bronchogenic carcinoma was examined in patients with lung cancer. Cytostatic activity in lung cancer patients with neither augmented nor suppressed as compared with that of controls such as normal healthy persons, patients with malignancies other than lung cancer, and patients with benign respiratory diseases. There was no correlation between the cytostatic activity of monocytes and the advance of clinical stages of the disease. Conventional modalities of anticancer treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and their combination therapy had no effect on cytostatic activity of peripheral blood monocytes. However, adequate immunotherapy with nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton augmented the cytostatic activity of peripheral blood monocytes, although adequate immunotherapy with Mycobacterium bovis BCG cell-wall skeleton had no effect.

Adenocarcinoma↗