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Biomedical subjects

I B Alekseev

Publications and source records attributed to I B Alekseev.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Indications for keratotomy].

The paper analyses indication to anterior radial keratotomy. Results of the study carried out concerning the influence of uncorrected myopia on successful fulfillment of different tasks (aiming from a sporting gun, operation of a bridge crane, take off and landing on the airplane trainer, etc.) have shown that myopia of 2. OD doesn't influence the fulfillment of work not only with objects situated at near distance from the eyes but at far distance as well. Thus the mentioned myopia cannot serve as a professional indication to keratotomy. The analysis of typical complaints of patients after keratotomy allowed to distinguish 8 main complaints and to assess their incidence and causes as well as causes their of appearance. It is established that even uncomplicated keratotomy can lead to functional changes in vision lowering visual capacity for work. On the basis of all mentioned above a scheme of indications and contraindications to keratotomy is proposed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of kallikrein-kinin system in pathogenesis of eye contusions].

Studies of the plasma components of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) in the lacrimal fluid (LF) of damaged eyeball of 32 patients hospitalized for contusion for the eyeball showed an appreciable increase of KKS activity during the first three days and its less expressed increase on days 10-19 after the injury. The content of prekallikrein in the damaged eye LF depends on the severity of eye contusion and plasma KKS status, and the levels of LF prekallikrein in the damaged and intact eye correlate. Serum kallikrein activity depends on the severity of injury.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contusion changes in ophthalmic tonus: clinical observations and pathogenesis].

Contusions of the eyeball involve reactive or secondary changes in intraocular pressure. Clinical examinations of 151 patients with contusion disorders in ophthalmic tone revealed reactive hypertension in 6.62%, reactive hypotone in 31.79%, secondary hypertension in 48.34%, and stable hypotone of the injured eye in 15.89% cases. Secondary changes in intraocular pressure were caused by massive intraocular hemorrhages and structural injuries to the eyeball. The main cause of reactive hypotone resulting from blunt injury to the eye was exfusion, detachment of the vascular membrane diagnosed at that period by ultrasonic examination in 76.92% cases. The main factors responsible for the postcontusion reactive syndrome are changes occurring within a very short period of time, intraocular pressure differences, and "loss" of the threshold volume of the anterior chamber humor because of its discharge during the shock, and activation of the kallikrein-kinin system with release of kinins causing capillary dilatation and increasing capillary wall permeability in the presence of low activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme which destroys bradykinin.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contusions of the eye, their clinical picture and outcomes].

Clinical observations of 426 patients with blunt injuries to the eye (records of Moscow Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital) showed that eyeball contusions were responsible for 40.57% of hospital injuries, 364 cases (85.54%) were communal traumas and 22.77% criminal. The most frequent complication of blunt injury to the eye was hemorrhage to the anterior chamber (57.57%). Total or almost total hyphemas were observed in 5.83% cases, in 0.7% with repeated hemorrhages. Hemorrhages into the vitreous body were observed in 36.6% patients. Postcontusion opacities and retinal edemas were diagnosed in 25.87% cases. The most severe contusions of the eyeball with ruptures of fibrous membrane were observed in 19.11% cases, 6.29% of these along the postoperative cicatrix. Subdislocation or dislocation of the lens took place in 13.75% cases. Blunt injury to the eye resulted in alteration of ophthalmic tone presenting as reactive hypertension (22.33%), reactive hypotone (11.19%), secondary hypertension (17.01%), and stable hypotone (5.59%). By discharge from hospital visual functions improved in 72.73%, visual acuity of 0-0.03 diopters was observed in 14.92% and 0.4-1.0 in 63.87% cases. Secondary hypertension persisted in 1.86% and stable hypotone of the injured eye in 5.13% cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Corneal astigmatism after refraction keratotomy].

Refraction keratotomy, by changing corneal refraction, may cause postoperative astigmatism, including its reverse form. The author suggests to assess astigmatism using astigmatic coefficient (K alpha), which is expressed as the cosine of the angle between the vertical and the direction of the stronger main meridian. Intra-and postoperative use of fibronectin solution is proposed to lower the K alpha and improve the efficacy of surgery.

Astigmatism↗