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Biomedical subjects

I B Gensemer

Publications and source records attributed to I B Gensemer.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Psychological consequences of blunt head trauma and relation to other indices of severity of injury.

To investigate the relationship between APACHE II, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), and behavioral outcome, a group of 39 patients who had been admitted on an emergency basis with a traumatic head injury were selected from the Neuropsychology Registry for study. Except for subtle personality and cognitive changes, all of the patients were making good neurological recoveries. The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, which has been shown to be accurate in identifying brain-damaged patients, was used as the measure of outcome. The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 49 years (mean, 25.6; SD, 9.3). The patients' educational levels ranged from elementary school to college (mean, 11.6 years of education; SD, 1.5). Halstead Impairment Indexes (HII) ranged from 0.0 to 1.0 (mean, 0.6; SD, 0.26). APACHE II scores were calculated using the worst values, obtained during the first 24 hours. These scores ranged from 5 to 35 (mean, 16; SD, 7). APACHE II was found to not significantly correlate with HII (r = 0.21, P greater than .05). ISS was calculated for each patient and ranged from 5 to 70 (mean, 27; SD, 13). ISS was found to significantly correlate with HII (r = 0.38, P less than .01). GCS ranged from 3 to 15 (mean, 9.3; SD, 3.4). Of all the correlations, GCS was the most strongly correlated with outcome as measured by the HII (r = -0.44, P less than .01). Our data emphasize that head-injured patients have subtle cognitive dysfunction even when apparently recovering well and demonstrate the need for formal psychological evaluation in all patients with injury significant enough to warrant hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

IQ levels following trauma.

One hundred fifteen consecutive trauma patients who experienced a head injury and were administered a Wechsler Intelligence Scale as outpatients were selected for study from the Neuropsychology Registry. These patients ranged in age from 4 to 61 years. At the time of examination, all were living at home with their families. Dividing this group of patients on the basis of a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 10 revealed significant differences in group mean post-traumatic IQs. The more severely injured group of patients had a mean post-traumatic IQ of 93.6; the less severely injured patients had a mean IQ of 103.5. The difference between these two groups is significant (p less than 0.005). When divided on the basis of a GCS of 13, the more severely injured group of patients had a mean post-traumatic IQ of 94.2 and the less severely injured group of patients had a mean post-traumatic IQ of 104.2. The difference between these two groups is also statistically significant (p less than 0.0005). There was no statistically significant (p greater than 0.05) difference in the mean post-traumatic IQs of these patients divided on the basis of an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 15. However, there was a significant difference (p less than 0.05) when the patients were divided at ISS of 17. The less severely injured patients had a mean post-traumatic IQ of 101.2 and the more severely injured patients had a mean post-traumatic IQ of 95.8. The difference between these two groups is statistically significant (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Behavioral consequences of trauma.

A group of 65 head-injured patients, making an apparent good recovery, were studied with the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery because of personality or cognitive difficulty. A significant relationship was identified between outcome as measured by the Halstead Impairment Index and both Injury Severity Score and Glasgow Coma Scale score. A significant relationship was also found to exist between the Halstead Impairment Index and employment status of the study group. Patients were placed in three groups, depending on their impairment index. Of the complications identified, spinal fracture, pupillary dysfunction, and intracranial pressure elevation were consistently associated with an impaired performance on the neuropsychological testing. These findings suggest that there is a relationship between head injury complications and neuropsychological potential which can cause lingering problems and influence the patient's rehabilitation process.

Adolescent↗