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Biomedical subjects

I Ba

Publications and source records attributed to I Ba.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Epidemiologic study of the causes of esthetic restorations in pedodontic clinics in Dakar].

The authors expose a retrospective study carried out on records of patients from 18 months to 15 years old consulting for esthetic restorations in 3 dental health care centers of Dakar. The total number sampled is 151 children with 89 boys and 62 girls representing 3.5% of the total number of consultants [3964] during two years [1991 and 1992] in the dental health care centers. The study shows that the main etiological factors of the esthetic restorations in constant progression, are dental traumatisms, and caries infections. It shows also that the request varies with age and sex and that the male are more represented in the sample. Face to the lack of structures, material and human means, information, education and communication for the oral and dental health have to be fully broadcasted in the kindergartens and elementary schools in the limit of an entire prevention program in order to reduce the needs in this precise field.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Complete removable dentures and the elderly at I.O.S., Dakar].

INTRODUCTION: At I.O.S. Dakar, we have taken an essential interest in elderly persons with functional disorders, aesthetic and psychological. We have fixed the following objectives: to evaluate the importance of the elderly person in our surgery to define the major characteristics of this category of patient to single out the specific aspects of the restorative denture to make our teaching programmes more relevant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two complementary axes: a retrospective statistical descriptive study carried out on the records of patients at P.A.C. of I.O.S. during the previous three academic years of patients at P.A.C. of I.O.S. during the previous three academic years 1986-87, 88-89, 89-90. an analysis of the records based on the following variables: age, sex, place of living, occupation, type of complete attached dentures additionally, certain particular aspects of these patients have been studied. SELECTION CRITERIA: We have studied patients over 55 years of age who have either a single or bimaxillary replacement. VARIABLES STUDIED: two types of denture: unimaxillary CAD and bimaxillary CAD our patients were classed as: urban--living in Dakar and Gorée rural--coming from surrounding villages suburban--those coming from Pikine, Parcelles Assainies, Rufisque. for occupation: first sector--agriculture, fishing second sector--industrial or conversion workers third sector--service workers or tradesmen, housewives, pensioners, others. RESULTS AND COMMENTARY: the sex ratio is closely akin to that of the general population the majority of patients live in Dakar these are mainly housewives, retired people who could regularly attend our consultations and stay the course of our treatment, prosthetic restorations are complete attached bimaxillary dentures (79.14%). Clinical specifications: On a local clinical level, the total toothlessness of the elderly presents as: a muscular hypotomy, a loss of the vertical dimension of occlusion, a marked increase in nasal and oral fissures, a stiffening of the articular structures, a great reduction of osteo-mucus in the residual edges, a spreading of the tongue which invades the oral cavity, a loss of occlusive memory, Bearing on therapy and teaching: good clinical observation, constant reference to the medical services, appropriate surgery prior to denture fitting. CONCLUSION: This study shows us that at I.O.S. Dakar, persons over 55 coming to consult us are most often city dwellars and often housewives or retired people. The major purpose of these visits is functional. The minute failure rate encountered over these three years has led us to believe that prosthesis enjoys high esteem thanks to the raised criteria of competence, of knowledge and of the patience of the whole team.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical use of the Sonic Air MM 1500 and the Meca Sonic 1400 in canal preparation in endodontics].

INTRODUCTION: The preparation for canalisation has remained manual for a long time, technically constrictive and lasting for a long time. The application of ultrasound in Endontony allows us to tackle more calmly the canal course of the teath. The aim of this work is to make a qualitative comparison of the endosonic technique and the manual technique with reference to cases treated in the Dentisterie Opératoire clinic in Dakar. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 40 teeth of a complex canal anatomy and or in the posterior position in the buccal cavity were submitted to either a manual canalisation preparation or endosconic followed by monconic canal filling with a paste: 3 inc oxyde eugenol and iodoform. OPERATING FORMULA: Preparatory X rays: Allow us to evaluate the length of the work or the operating length after catheterisation: LO--length PRO, APEX RADIO-IMM LO--operating length PRO - occlusive point of reference The parietal support technique: The "synergetic" effect of ultrasonic oscillations of cavitation and of micro-acoustic currents associated with the action of the irrigation solution allow us to obtain canal incision. INSTRUMENTS: the pneumatic Sonic Air MM 1500; the Meca Sonic MMR 1400 coupled to a standard ISO motor; SHAPERS and Meca Shapers. Activated by shaper or Méca Shaper. Classic monoconic canal filling: Wadding paste + zinc oxyde paste-iodoform eugenol. X rays for orthocentric monitoring. RESULTS--DISCUSSION: In 60% of the cases treated, the patients presented with a complete dentition. The third inferior molar was in almost all the cases, the cause of the patient seeking a dental consultation. By endosonic treatment-conservation of teeth which would otherwise have been destined for extraction; biopulectomy or instituted pulpectomy for cases of desdodontite, endosconic amplication and canal sealing after the cooling of the inflammation. Duration of treatment: 2 sessions for gangrenous cases or desmodondite and one session for biopulpectomy or pulpectomy, with 4 sessions in 10% of the cases. Operation times: Saving of time of 40-50%. If a second session was necessary, 15-20 minutes was sufficient. Incidents or accidents during or after the operation: breakage of instruments, post-operative inflammatory reaction. CONCLUSION: better distribution of the irrigation solution, lessening of the risk of infection, better quality of the state of the canal surface, reduction in operating time, precision and reliability, conservation of teeth which would otherwise have been extracted, as many of the elements which encourages the appreciation of ultrasound in endodonty.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical dentistry and geriatrics in Senegal].

INTRODUCTION: Geriatric medicine is developing more and more as a specialism. Odontology is not behindhand. That is why, even in an African setting, when life expectancy is still not as high as in the West, we are finding ourselves treating older and older patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the course of the academic year 1989-1990, we treated 40 patients of both sexes, of different ethnic and social backgrounds aged from 55-89 years. Besides age, the patients had all undergone endo-buccal surgery, with the exception of parodontology surgery. According to sex: The forty patients comprised 27 men and 13 women. These figures are interesting and we will return to them during the discussion. According to age: The ages of our patients ranged from 55-89 years, with an average of 72. The distribution of age brackets shows a strong percentage (52.5%) of patients between 55 and 64 years of age. According to oral stage: In general, our patients neglect oral hygiene: 67.5% presented at least tartaric gingivitis. This negligence was evident in more men than women. According to general state: More than half the sample had at least one general pathological disorder. They ranged from cardio-vascular ailments, to differing digestive disorders, to neurological and endocrinal pathologics. METHODOLOGY: The data was collected using the following 3 methods which slowly built up: questionnaire clinical examination the operation RESULTS: The dividing-up of the different operations: we realised a total of 71 operations, this being an average 1.77 per patient. Distribution of pathological ailments according to type and nature: About 55% of our patients had a general pathology. Cardio-vascular ailments took first place with a frequency of 52.16%, followed by digestive problems with 26.08% neurological syndromes with 13.04% and ailments with endocrinal origins with a rate of 8.69%. Incidents during operation: incidents linked to the anaesthetic, incidents linked to the operation itself, post-operative incidents, healing. DISCUSSION: Age: The most representative age-band was between 55 and 64 years (with a six ration of 1:5). Multiple extractions: Apart from a defective oral state, these extractions are always motivated by the need for prosthesis. All the patients were missing at least one tooth, confirming the thesis of Dubois, according to which "the repercussion of oral ageing appears in all its simplicity in either partial or total toothlessness". CONCLUSION: Elderly Senegalese patients present serious oral problems since extraction comprises the main part of surgical odontological operations. A better way of dealing with these subjects, weakened by old age and general pathology, is desirable.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Experimental study of variations of salivary pH affected by chewing cola].

Study on the theory that cola-chewing affects dental decays by changing pH in saliva shows--a short term increase in saliva pH (approx. 1.02) becoming normal again after 30 minutes. Spacing cola consumption out during the day and after meals rich in carbohydrates can compensate for the drop in saliva pH. The change in saliva pH is one of the factors which reduces dental decay in people who chew cola.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study and treatment of hyperodontia (apropos of 8 cases)].

This study aims at elucidating a little known pathology. In the first instance, distinction is made between extra teeth, supernumerary teeth and mesiodens teeth. The report also covers treatment of this affliction, often imposed on the practitioner by orthodontic complications or infections caused by lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Hepatitis B at the Dakar Dental School].

Numerous studies have revealed the personal risk of contamination of the virus hepatitis B (HBV). Dental surgeons are chiefly concerned about their almost continual contact, professionally, with blood and saliva. The authors report the results of a study done at the Dental Institute of Dakar. This study revealed the importance of AgHBS and its different functions during the period of observation. A particular point of this study is to emphasis subjects of serology, notably AgHBS+ Anti HBC-, which produce an alternative virus. This study, which is being followed up, has already enabled the commencement of disease prevention programmes of hepatitis through the vaccination of some students: protecting both the dental surgeons and their patients.

Adult↗