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Biomedical subjects

I Bahous

Publications and source records attributed to I Bahous.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Biochemical and pharmacokinetic aspects of oral treatment with chondroitin sulfate.

Chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) was characterized for structure, physiochemical properties and purity. This glycosaminoglycan has a relative molecular mass of about 14,000, a sulfate-to-carboxyl ratio of 0.95 due to the high percentage of monosulfated disaccharides (38% 6-monosulfate and 55% 4-monosulfate) and a low amount of disulfated disaccharides (1.1%) inside the polysaccharide chains. No other glycosaminoglycans were detected in the preparation. Chondroitin sulfate was labelled by reduction with sodium 3H-borohydride and administered by oral route in the rat and dog. More than 70% of radioactivity was absorbed and found in urine and tissues. The plasma radioactivity was fractionated by size-exclusion chromatography in three fractions: radioactivity associated with high, intermediate and low molecular mass compounds. The peak value of the concentration of high molecular mass radioactivity compounds in plasma was reached after 1.6 and 2.1 h for the rat and dog, respectively. After 36 h the high molecular mass radioactivity compounds were still present in plasma of dog and rat. After 24 h radioactivity was higher in the intestine, liver, kidneys, synovial fluid and cartilage than in other tissues. Condroitin sulfate was orally administered to man (healthy volunteer) in a single daily dose of 0.8 g and in two daily doses of 0.4 g. The results showed that both forms of administration determined a significant increase of plasma concentration of chondroitin sulfate as compared with predose value over a full 24 h period. Elimination constant values and tmax (of the first administration in the case of fractionated dose) were almost the same for the two administrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A controlled clinical study on the new topical dosage form of DHEP plasters in patients suffering from localized inflammatory diseases.

In this clinical study the efficacy and the tolerability of a new topical formulation, DHEP plaster, have been evaluated. The plaster consists of an auto-adhesive medicated gauze pad of standard dimensions (10 x 15 cm) containing 180 mg DHEP. The reference drug was a well-known topical drug, diclofenac diethylammonium (DDA) emulgel at 1.16%. Treatments were applied to the affected area for 14 days: DHEP plaster b.i.d. and DDA emulgel q.i.d. A total of 190 patients, affected by various inflammatory diseases, participated in this clinical study. In both treatment groups (DHEP n = 96 patients, DDA n = 94 patients) a clear improvement in the disease and a rapid reduction in pain were observed. The statistical comparison between the two treatments showed a significant difference in favour of DHEP. However a comparison of the results, according to the different diagnoses, did not reveal any statistical significance. Both treatments were well tolerated, although five (DHEP n = 2, DDA n = 3) out of the 190 patients (2.6%) showed transient side effects (pruritus or erythema, both of light intensity).

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1991

Longterm treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with OM-8980. A retrospective study.

OM-8980 is an immunomodulating drug which has been shown in double blind placebo controlled trials to be effective in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). For this report, longterm information was collected from 32 patients (27 women, 5 men) with RA who had been treated for periods ranging from one to over 8 years with OM-8980 daily (median 5 years). Statistically significant reductions were observed in duration of morning stiffness, articular index, pain and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). An improvement or strong improvement in overall condition was noted in 23 patients. Adverse events were reported in only 3 patients and were minimal in nature. Our study demonstrates that OM-8980 is an effective longterm slow acting antirheumatic drug which has minimal adverse effects and should be considered to have a role to play in the management of RA.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[The value of myelography, computerized tomography and course of pain for the diagnosis of recurrent herniated disk].

29 patients with recurring symptoms after lumbar disk surgery have been examined with computed tomography and myelography before they underwent a reoperation. This study shows that the myelography has the higher diagnostic accuracy than the CT concerning the differentiation between recurrent disk herniation and scar. The analysis of clinical features is helpful in predicting the etiology of the recurring symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Periarthritis calcarea].

Over the past few years periarthritis calcarea - also known as hydroxyapatite rheumatism - has attracted increasing interest. The periarticular calcification hitherto regarded as a secondary finding is today a well-defined disease entity occurring either in localized or generalized form, i.e. around one or more joints respectively. Although the origin of this calcification is now known, various hypothetical causes have been discussed in the literature. In the light of studies on familial clustering and the HL-A constellation, it is now evident that genetic factors have a definite role to play in the etiology of the disease. Even though no metabolic defect has been identified as yet, it is impossible to state with certainty that no metabolic cause is involved. As in gout, periarthritis calcarea is liable to cause attacks of acute pain that last for several days and then disappear. In consequence, the clinical picture is misleadingly similar to that of arthritis. The subsequent disappearance of the periarticular calcium deposits previously shown to be present can be considered a cardinal symptom of the disease. To detect this calcification it is necessary to use the electron microscope, since the crystals are too small to be seen with the light microscope. Periarthritis calcarea undoubtedly ranks as a crystallopathy. Since its origin is unknown, causal therapy such as exists for gout cannot be adopted. Treatment is restricted to purely symptomatic measures.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1981

Double-blind multicentre, between patients comparison of two different doses of indoprofen and one of indomethacin in osteoarthritis.

Patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the large joints or spine randomly allocated to either of two dose levels of indoprofen (IP, 300 or 600 mg/day) or indomethacin (IM, 75 mg/day). 147 patients were admitted to the trial. Drugs were given for one to three months. Controls for effectiveness and safety were carried out weekly during the first month and thereafter at monthly intervals. All three treatments gave significant improvement in the variables considered for effectiveness, and relief was generally evident from the first month. No significant differences were observed between the two doses of indoprofen and indomethacin. Adverse reactions, considered drug related, were reported by 11.6% of patients in the IP 300 group, 12.5% in the IP 600 group, and 18.7% of patients given indomethacin.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Generalized periarticular calcinosis. Generalized hydroxylapatite disease].

The complex of symptoms know as generalized periarticular calcinosis is a disease observed clinically as occurring in periods lasting only a few days, and with a mainly monoarticular arthritic or tenosynovitis character which may be localized in various joints. A primary chronic course of the disease is rare. Crucial for the diagnosis is the demonstration of multiple periarticular calcifications, which can be identified biochemically as hydroxyapatite. The calcification probably initiates the burst of inflammation, and for this reason the symptoms can be certainly classified pathogenically as a crystalline synovitis. Etiologically, the disease is probably due to both genetic and acquired metabolic anomalies. Modification of calcification cannot be undertaken in our present ignorance of the exact pathogenesis, and for this reason the therapy of generalized periarthritis must remain symptomatic. The effect of non-steroid antiphlogistics, corticosteroids and colchicin is, however, unsatisfactory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Generalized periarthritis calcarea (generalized hydroxyapatite disease)].

The condition of generalized periarthritis calcarea (hydroxyapatite deposition disease) is characterised by multiple periarticular calcification which can be localised around practically any joint and also in proximity to the spine. This calcification consists of hydroxyapatite crystals which are responsible for the episodes of acute, subacute or chronic periarticular or articular inflammation so typical of the condition. Because of this one can classify periarthritis calcarea along with gout and chondrocalcinosis in the group of crystal deposition diseases. The actual cause of the calcification remains unknown but it is probable that, along with hereditary factors, disturbances in metabolism play an important role. The diagnosis of generalised periarthritis is made from the characteristic X-ray picture in conjunction with the clinical findings and, on occasion, the demonstration of hydroxyapatite crystals in the affected tissues. In the differential diagnosis gout, chondrocalcinosis, various inflammatory rheumatic conditions and septic arthritis must be excluded and various calcification processes, particularly interstitial calcinosis and lipocal cinogranulomatosis, must also be considered. Since the etiology of the calcification remains unknown to specific treatment is available. Symptomatic treatment with colchicine is mostly inadequate which is why one often has recourse to the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1977

Increased frequency of HLA B8 in hyperostotic spondylosis.

HLA antigens were determined in 50 patients with hyperostotic spondylosis (Forestier's disease), and compared with 1244 normal controls. There was no significant difference in the distribution of HLA B27 between the two groups. However, there was an increased incidence of HLA B8 among the patients with hyperostotic spondylosis (42 per cent), as compared to the normal controls (17.5 per cent). This difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.005). Sixteen of the 50 patients with hyperostotic spondylosis had evidence of diabetes mellitus, 12 of whom also had the HLA B8 antigen. Thus patients with hyperostotic spondylosis have an increased incidence of HLA B8, associated with an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1976

[Local treatment of chronic arthritis with radionuclides].

Radiosynoviorthesis plays an important role in local treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Depending on the size of the joint, radionuclides are used at different depths of penetration. Data from the literature and our own results with 396 treated joints indicate that in 2/3 of cases good therapeutic effects are achieved, e.g. the effect on the local inflammatory process is comparable with surgical synovectomy. This is in agreement with the results of our longterm follow-up of 141 joints after radiosynoviorthesis. As with surgical synovectomy, early synoviorthesis was most successful; however, longterm observations revealed a slight increase in local recurrences. These and primary non-responder cases show a good response to secondary injection of radionuclides. The effect of intraarticular injection of isotopes is possibly due to irradiative action on the inflamed cells, with subsequent fibrosis of the synovium. Side effects of radiosynoviorthesis are rare and generally avoidable. Since late complications cannot be excluded, careful consideration should be given to the indication for radiosynoviorthesis. Radiosynoviorthesis represents an alternative treatment to surgical synovectomy in patients over 40 years of age.

Arthritis↗