Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I Bennun.
There is little in the psychological literature to guide clinicians treating ICU patients presenting with the ICU syndrome. Existing psychological models need to be developed and adapted in the management of these cases. This paper describes two clinical cases and offers psychological formulations and descriptions of treatment.
This report describes the treatment of six couples where one partner had a long psychiatric history and a long-standing diagnosis of schizophrenia. Using a multiple single case design, the effects of providing the couples with information about schizophrenia and systematic family management (comprising problem solving and communication training) were assessed. The results showed that providing information alone had no effect on presenting symptoms but did improve the partners' perception of their ability to cope and solve problems. While a causal effect of treatment on improvement was not conclusively proven, the cycle of readmission and relapse was altered.
Thirty-five phobic patients were assessed in order to investigate the specific therapist and patient factors operative within treatment. Although the factors were highly correlated, they did distinguish between those patients who benefited differentially from treatment.
This paper describes the use of a scale to assess the therapist's perception of the client and the client's perception of the therapist within behaviour therapy. A factor analysis revealed specific therapist and client factors which describe aspects of each participant's activity within sessions. The results suggest that the therapist's interpersonal manner is important in treatment and that attention should be given to this in training behaviour therapists.
Agoraphobia is a disabling disorder with many diverse views about its genesis, maintenance, and treatment. In this paper three perspectives--attachment and misattribution, safety signal, and interpersonal context--are described in a composite formulation of the condition.
A significant proportion of the alcohol population continues to function within intact families. Two comparative family therapy approaches are described that have been used in treating alcoholics and their families. Problem-solving therapy focuses directly on the drinking and attempts to modify this through the active participation of family members. The Milan systemic approach aims to alter the family system's functioning and so effect change in the problem drinker.
The descriptive models of self-mutilation fall into three broad categories. The psychodynamic formulation; the second category includes the anxiety reduction model, the hostility model, the behavioral learning model and the appeal model; the third social learning category includes the group-epidemic model and aspects of the violence and punishment model. The three models support the view that there is no single cause or motive responsible for self-mutilating behavior. Having a number of factors in mind allows for flexibility and enables clinicians to test particular hypotheses during management and gives them the opportunity to alter intervention accordingly. The problems faced by self-mutilating patients are so varied that no single form of treatment is likely to be universally appropriate.
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