PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Berlin

Publications and source records attributed to I Berlin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Troleandomycin-triazolam interaction in healthy volunteers: pharmacokinetic and psychometric evaluation.

Seven healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of triazolam 0.25 mg after 7 days on troleandomycin 2 g/day p.o. or placebo in a double-blind cross-over study. Plasma triazolam and psychometric and memory tests (including Critical Flicker Fusion threshold, Choice Reaction Time, Digit Symbol Substitution and Self-Rating Scales) were assessed at regular intervals after the final treatment. Troleandomycin was found to prolong the psychomotor impairment and amnesia produced by triazolam. There was a significant enhancement of the AUC, the peak concentration and the delay to tmax of triazolam after 7 days treatment with troleandomycin compared to placebo. Thus, there is a pharmacokinetic interaction, and the combination of triazolam and troleandomycin should be avoided or the dose of triazolam should be adjusted. The most likely mechanism is a diminished hepatic first-pass effect, and a decrease in the apparent oral clearance of triazolam.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A single dose of three different ophthalmic beta-blockers antagonizes the chronotropic effect of isoproterenol in healthy volunteers.

The systemic effect of three beta-blocking eyedrops was compared in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in 12 healthy male volunteers. Each subject received successively each treatment in random order at weekly intervals. The eyedrops administered were as follows: 0.5% timolol, 2% carteolol, 0.6% metipranolol, and placebo. We evaluated the intraocular pressure and systemic beta-blockade 3 hours after a single administration of one eyedrop in each eye. The systemic beta-blocking effect was evaluated by the isoproterenol sensitivity test, that is the dose of isoproterenol required to increase resting heart rate by 25 bpm (I25). Each beta-blocking eyedrop antagonized the chronotropic effect of isoproterenol. I25 for placebo was 3.1 +/- 0.5 micrograms, for metipranolol 5.2 +/- 0.9 micrograms (P less than 0.005), for timolol 10.9 +/- 1.9 micrograms (P less than 0.001), and for carteolol 39.6 +/- 5.4 micrograms (P less than 0.0005). Each treatment significantly decreased the intraocular pressure: metipranolol 3.6 +/- 0.4 mm Hg (P less than 0.001), timolol 2.44 +/- 0.4 mm Hg (P less than 0.01), and carteolol 2.38 +/- 0.48 mm Hg (P less than 0.01) compared with placebo. The resting heart rate and blood pressure were not influenced by the treatments. Even though the results might be different in the case of an earlier or a later time of evaluation or chronic administration, we believe that the isoproterenol sensitivity test may be used to evaluate the systemic effect of beta-blocking eyedrops.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Decreased beta-adrenergic sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.

To study beta-adrenergic sensitivity in diabetes mellitus, we performed isoproterenol sensitivity tests in 34 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 10 age-matched normal subjects. beta-adrenergic sensitivity [defined as the dose of isoproterenol required to increase the resting heart rate by 25 beat/min, (I25)] was significantly higher in the diabetic group (4.07 +/- 1.4 micrograms, mean +/- SD) than in the normal group (2.02 +/- 1.49 micrograms). A comparison of I25 of normal subjects and diabetic patients as a function of age showed that the latter were significantly less sensitive to beta-adrenergic stimulation at all ages (P less than 0.01). In diabetic patients, beta-adrenergic sensitivity also increased with the duration of diabetes (r = 0.64, P less than 0.0005), but the correlation was stronger when the age of the patients and the duration of the diabetes were both taken into consideration (r = 0.72, P less than 0.0005). We conclude that beta-adrenergic sensitivity is diminished in patients with type I diabetes mellitus of all ages.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The value of hysterosalpingographic findings in sterility investigations (author's transl)].

In the material presented, at least 117 women examined with hysterosalpingography became pregnant. Most of the pregnancies (68%) occurred within one year after the radiological examination. Clinical data is failing in many of the other cases, but 66 women were still infertile more than three years after the examination. The hysterosalpingographic findings of a group who got pregnant without any surgery and delivered at full term (73 patients) have been compared to the group of women still infertile and with a healthy partner (50 patients) and with another group of women, whose pregnancies ended in abortion (19 patients). No radiological signs is seen only in one of the groups but pathological changes of the oviducts are more common in the infertility group. Extreme positions of the uterus, irregularities of the cervical canal etc show no difference between the groups. Such findings in the uterus and the cervical canal are of no prognostic value.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1981

The effect of oral contraceptives on serum lipids gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and excretion of d-glucaric acid.

The authors studied three oral contraceptives (Bisecurin, Ovidon, Rigevidon) in 37 healthy women in order to establish their effect on serum lipids, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and d-glucaric acid excretion. After 3-9 months of oral contraception, a significant increase was observed in serum cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein levels in women taking the two contraceptives with major hormone content. None of the contraceptives changed the serum glyceride level. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were significantly enhanced. D-glucaric acid excretion increased. There was no correlation between the parameters of enzyme induction and the change of lipid metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Intraocular surgery with general anesthesia.

A specialized technique developed specifically for ophthalmic surgery has led surgeons at the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital to perform most private cataract extractions-more than 1,000 per year-with patients under general anesthsia. Because this practice is followed by so few ophthalmic surgeons elsewhere, an evaluation of the relative safety and benefits of local vs. general anesthesia was undertaken. A retrospective study comparing 2,217 consecutive patients operated on under general anesthesia with 561 patients operated on under local analgesia leads us to believe that general anesthesia providess the surgeon with optimum operating conditions. General anaessthesia has proved to be a safe procedure, with a minimum of complications. The ophthalmic surgeon is assured of absolute patient immobility, with safety equilvalent to that seen with procedures performed with local analgesia, despite the advanced age and resulting physiological degeneration of the patient population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Beraprost sodium-fluindione combination in healthy subjects: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects.

Beraprost sodium (BPS), an orally active PGI2 (prostaglandine 12) analogue possesses vasodilatating and platelet aggregation inhibiting properties. It is being developed in peripheral arterial occlusive disease. As in future clinical practice BPS might be co-prescribed with oral anticoagulants, we investigated its interaction with fluindione, a vitamin K antagonist in healthy subjects in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Twelve healthy Caucasian male subjects randomly received BPS 40 microg t.i.d. or placebo for 3 days. There was a 7 day wash out between the two treatment periods. On day 3 of each treatment, the subjects ingested concomitantly a single oral dose of 20 mg of fluindione. The main assessment criterion was fluindione's pharmacokinetics. Secondarily, pharmacodynamic measurements of coagulation (prothrombin time, and International Normalised Ratio, INR) and platelet function (in vitro closure time assessed by PFA-100) were performed. Fluindione was assayed by HPLC with UV detection up to 96 h post-drug. No statistical difference could be evidenced on any fluindione pharmacokinetic parameters between BPS and placebo phases: t 1/2 (h): 35.9 (8.2) vs. 34.0 (4.2) [90% CI 105.8 (95.5-116.2)]; T(max) (h): 2.0 (0.5-6.0) vs. 4.0 (0.5-6.0) [90% CI 136.4 (70.7-208.9)]; Cmax (mg/L): 3.1 (0.6) vs. 2.9 (0.5) [90% CI 94.1 (85.8-103.2)]; AUC 0-inf (mg/h/L): 117.0 (31.5) vs. 113.9 (33.8) [90% CI 97.6 (87.5-108.8)]. The studied doses of BPS did not affect platelet function, at least as assessed by the in vitro platelet function testing. Twenty milligrams of fluindione marginally modified the PT ratio and INR, however, no statistically significant difference was found between BPS and placebo phases. In conclusion, a 3 day regimen of BPS 40 microg t.i.d. by oral route does not seem to affect pharmacokinetic parameters of a fluindione 20 mg single dose.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypoglycemic symptoms and decreased beta-adrenergic sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

Thirty-seven insulin-dependent diabetic patients were tested for symptoms of hypoglycemia, cardiac autonomic neuropathy (i.e., heart rate variation during deep breathing, Valsalva maneuver, immediate heart rate response to standing), and isoproterenol sensitivity (defined as the dose of isoproterenol required to increase heart rate by 25 beats/min: I25). Tests of cardiac autonomic neuropathy showed no relation to hypoglycemic symptoms. On the contrary, a clear relationship could be established between isoproterenol sensitivity and adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia. Diabetic patients with decreased response to isoproterenol had fewer adrenergic symptoms, perceived hypoglycemia at a lower blood glucose level, and had more hypoglycemic accidents. Symptoms most related to isoproterenol sensitivity were tremor, sweaty palms, and hunger. With the isoproterenol-sensitivity test a distinction could be made between the groups at high (I25 greater than 3 micrograms) and low (I25 less than 3 micrograms) risk for hypoglycemic accidents. We suggest that the isoproterenol-sensitivity test could be used to identify diabetic patients at increased risk for hypoglycemia.

Adult↗