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Biomedical subjects

I Biemond

Publications and source records attributed to I Biemond.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

HLA-DR antigens and phenotypes in Dutch coeliac children and their families.

In a study on the HLA-DR antigens and phenotypes in a series of Dutch coeliac children and their first-degree relatives, the B-cell antigens of 36 unrelated coeliac children, 110 first-degree relatives of 33 of them, and 201 controls were typed with the two-colour fluorescence test. The most frequent antigen was HLA-DR3 (69%), followed by DR7 (36%). The distribution of DR phenotypes showed that the most frequent was DR3/other DR (25%), followed by DR3/DR7 (17%), DR3/DR4 (14%), and DR3/DR3 (14%). However, due to the frequency of certain antigens in the controls, only phenotypes DR3/DR3 (relative risk = 6.2), DR3/DR7 (relative risk = 6.4), and DR3/DR4 (relative risk = 6.2) were significantly associated with CD. The family study confirmed the segregation of the disease with phenotypes DR3/DR3 and DR3/DR7. The present results show that the association between CD and phenotypes DR3/DR3 and DR3/DR7 is not an exclusive characteristic of Southern coeliac children.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1985

Serum pepsinogen I levels: assessment of gastric acid secretion?

We measured serum PG I levels by an Elisa technique before and after stimulation with pentagastrin in 260 patients (161 males and 99 females). The serum levels were correlated to basic acid output (BAO), maximum acid output (MAO) and peak acid output (PAO). The correlation coefficient between serum PG I and PAO varied between -0.482 and 0.744 depending on the diagnosis. This indicates that a simple measurement of PG I cannot replace the pentagastrin test in estimating gastric acid secreting capacity. However, since all patients who were achlorhydric had a serum PG I level of less than 50 micrograms/l the measurement of serum PG I can be recommended as a screening test for achlorhydria.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1985

Serum pepsinogen I levels in relation to pepsinogen phenotypes.

Serum PG I levels were measured by an enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) in 567 blood donors and 171 patients from a routine gastroscopy program to study the relationship between PG I phenotypes and serum levels. In normal subjects no association was found between PG I phenotypes and serum levels. A low serum PG I level in patients was associated with phenotypes characterized by intense PG I fraction 5. This probably reflects the high frequency of these phenotypes in patients with atrophic gastritis or gastric cancer. The mean (+/- SD) serum PG I level was 45.8 +/- 17.7 micrograms/1 in control subjects. Serum PG I levels were lower in females (41.4 +/- 17.5) than in males (47.3 +/- 17.7) and increased with advancing age up to 65 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Immunological findings in whole and parotid saliva of patients with Crohn's disease and healthy controls.

Since oral lesions appear to occur more commonly in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) than in normal controls or patients with ulcerative colitis, it has been suggested that a deficit of locally produced IgA allows the invasion of the oral mucous membrane by antigens and contributes to the production of oral lesions. In connection with this hypothesis, the concentrations of IgA, IgM, and IgG in whole and parotid saliva were investigated by the ELISA technique in 20 patients with CD and 20 healthy subjects matched for dental status. IgA predominated in whole and parotid saliva in both patients and controls, and in both groups whole saliva had higher levels of IgA, IgM, and IgG than parotid saliva did. Compared with the controls, IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were significantly elevated in the whole saliva of CD patients. However, no correlation was found between immunoglobulin levels and age, sex, therapy, duration, localization, or activity of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Influence of genetic factors on the serum levels of antigliadin antibodies in celiac disease.

The relationship between titers of antigliadin antibodies (IgA class and total immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM) and HLA-DR antigens was studied in two random samples of unrelated Spanish children with celiac disease. One of these groups had been on a gluten-free diet for at least 6 months and the other had been given a similar regimen followed by at least 6 months on a gluten-containing diet. Children with celiac disease who had the DR7 antigen but not DR3 showed significantly higher antigliadin antibody titers on a gluten-containing than on a gluten-free diet, whereas those with DR3 but not DR7 did not show this difference. With respect to DR phenotypes, the children with DR3/DR7 and DR7/DR5 phenotypes had significantly higher antibody titers while consuming gluten than when on a gluten-free diet. However, children with celiac disease with the DR3/DR3 phenotype showed similar antigliadin antibody titers on both diets. The present results suggest that genetic factors in the DR region influence the humoral immune response to gliadin in celiac disease.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Alpha 1-antitrypsin serum concentration and phenotypes in ulcerative colitis.

96 unrelated patients suffering from ulcerative colitis were typed for the electrophoretic variants of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT). None of the phenotypes showed a definite association with this condition. The serum concentration of alpha 1-AT was increased compared with healthy control subjects. There was a positive correlation between the serum concentration of alpha 1-AT and activity of the ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

HLA and duodenal ulcer in The Netherlands.

Eighty-one Dutch patients with a duodenal ulcer (DU) were tested with respect to 24 HLA antigens. There was no significant difference in the distribution of HLA antigens between the DU patients and the controls. However, none of the 22 patients younger than thirty years at the onset of symptoms had HLA-Bw35, whereas among the 59 patients aged between thirty and eighty at the onset of symptoms, twelve had this antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immunohistological findings in lip biopsy specimens from patients with Crohn's disease and healthy subjects.

Biopsies of apparently normal buccal mucosa were taken from 14 patients with Crohn's disease and 13 healthy controls who were matched for dental status. Most patients had an increased number of lymphocytes around vessels in the subepithelial tissue and two showed fibrosis with moderate atrophy of minor glands. Plasma cells which contained immunoglobulin, predominantly IgA, were only found around minor salivary glands in both patients and controls. Quantitative studies showed a significant increase in the number of cells containing IgA in patients compared with controls. No correlation was found between immunoglobulin pattern and disease activity, age, sex, or duration of Crohn's disease. A significant correlation was found between the activity of the disease, as defined by the Crohn's Disease Activity Index, and the number of plasma cells containing IgM.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

HLA-DR phenotypes in Spanish coeliac children: their contribution to the understanding of the genetics of the disease.

The DR-locus controlled B-cell antigens were studied in 163 unrelated Spanish coeliac children and 68 families of this group, nine of them with more than one coeliac patient, to obtain more information about the association between these antigens and coeliac disease. The results show that the most common coeliac phenotypes are DR3/DR7, DR7/DR5, DR3/other DR, and DR3/DR3. The family study confirmed the segregation of the disease with the above mentioned phenotypes. In eight of the nine multiple case families, all coeliac children shared both HLA-DR antigens. These findings make it unlikely that a single dominant gene linked to HLA-DR controls the susceptibility to coeliac disease. The phenotypes in the patients were not distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Thus, a model based on one recessive susceptibility gene linked to HLA-DR is not probable either. The complexity of the genetics of coeliac disease and some of the features shared with the HLA-DR pattern in juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes are discussed.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1980

HLA antigen distribution and HLA haplotype segregation in Crohn's disease.

A study of the HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR antigens in patients with Crohn's disease and controls did not reveal a significant strong association with a particular HLA antigens. A segregation analysis of parental HLA haplotypes in nine families with at least two children suffering from Crohn's disease did not show a significant deviation from the expected Mendelian segregation.

Crohn Disease↗
PubMed1980

alpha 1-Antitrypsin-levels and phenotypes in Crohn's disease in the Netherlands.

A group of 310 unrelated patients suffering from Crohn's disease has been screened for quantitative and electrophoretic variations of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT). A comparison was made betweeen patients and healthy controls. The distribution of electrophoretic alpha 1AT variants in the patients showed no significant deviation from the controls. The alpha 1AT quantities are significantly higher in the Crohn's disease population than in the controls.

Crohn Disease↗
PubMed1980

alpha 1-Antitrypsin and coeliac disease in spain.

Ninety-three Spanish children suffering from coeliac disease and 103 control subjects from the same area were screened for the amount of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) and for any electrophoretic variations in it. In this case-control study no significant differences were detected either in phenotype distribution or amount. The present results indicate that no genetic association exists between alpha 1AT and coeliac disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relations between serum pepsinogen levels, pepsinogen phenotypes, ABO blood groups, age and sex in blood donors.

Serum pepsinogen A (pepsinogen I) levels and urinary pepsinogen A phenotypes were studied in relation to ABO blood group, age and sex in 700 healthy blood donors. There was no relation between urinary pepsinogen A phenotypes and serum pepsinogen A levels. It is concluded that serum PGA levels and PGA phenotypes are independent factors in predisposition to gastroduodenal disorders. Serum pepsinogen A levels were higher in males than in females and rose with increasing age. The ABO blood groups were not related to pepsinogen A phenotypes. Blood group O individuals showed higher serum pepsinogen A levels compared with blood group A. Pepsinogen A phenotypes with intensity of fraction 5 were more frequent in males compared with females.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori in Japanese employees with and without ulcer history.

In a Dutch working population, the apparent association between dyspeptic symptoms and Helicobacter pylori infection was found to be entirely due to subjects with an ulcer history. In general populations with a much higher prevalence of H. pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease, such as in Japan, the relationship between dyspepsia and H. pylori has yet to be clarified. A questionnaire on ulcer history and dyspeptic symptoms during the preceding 3 month period was obtained from apparently healthy Japanese employees who underwent a periodic medical examination. In addition, serum samples were analysed for anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies. A total of 196 men and 35 women, aged 23-71 years, participated in the study. Seven women (20%) and 49 men (25%) had a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease. Among 41 subjects with verified duodenal (26) and/or gastric (17) ulcer, 95% were H. pylori positive while 32% had had frequent dyspeptic symptoms in the 3 months prior to the study (29% of the 35 men and 50% of the 6 women). Among the 147 men and 28 women without an ulcer history, the 3 month period prevalence of frequent dyspepsia was 14 and 32%, respectively. The rate of H. pylori positivity was 80% in non-ulcer dyspeptics and 68% in all other non-ulcer subjects (95% confidence intervals: 61-92 and 61-76%, respectively). Significant differences in symptoms between H. pylori positive and negative subjects could not be detected, neither in the whole population nor in the non-ulcer group. In conclusion, in this Japanese working population, no association was found between dyspeptic symptoms and H. pylori infection, irrespective of the inclusion of subjects with a peptic ulcer history.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differences in cholecystokinin release and gallbladder contraction between emulsified and nonemulsified long-chain triglycerides.

BACKGROUND: Fat is a potent stimulus of cholecystokinin (CCK) release. Apart from lipolysis, fatty acid chain length, and saturation, emulsification may also determine the magnitude of CCK release. METHODS: We have studied the effect of emulsification of soybean oil on CCK and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release (radioimmunoassay [RIA]) and gallbladder motility (ultrasonography). Six healthy subjects were studied on three separate occasions in random order during (1) intraduodenal administration of emulsified long-chain triglycerides (LCT) (6 mmol/h for 120 minutes); (2) equimolar amounts of nonemulsified LCT with addition of emulsifier; and (3) saline with emulsifier (control). RESULTS: Intraduodenal administration of both nonemulsified LCT and emulsified LCT induced significant (p < .05) increases in plasma CCK and PP levels and reductions in gallbladder volume. However, compared with nonemulsified LCT, emulsified LCT resulted in a readier and significantly stronger CCK release (212+/-62 pmol/L per 120 minutes vs 36+/-7 pmol/L per 120 minutes; p < .05); PP release (2034+/-461 pmol/L per 120 minutes vs 671+/-106 pmol/L per 120 minutes; p < .05); and gallbladder contraction (77%+/-2% vs 41%+/-7%; p < .05). No significant alterations were observed in plasma CCK or PP levels and gallbladder volume during administration of saline with emulsifier. CONCLUSIONS: Intraduodenal administration of a low-dose emulsified LCT more potently stimulates CCK and PP release and gallbladder contraction in comparison to equimolar amounts of nonemulsified LCT. These findings point to an important role for solubilization of LCT in determining the magnitude of CCK release from the intestine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibodies to Helicobacter pylori and pepsinogen levels in children from Costa Rica: comparison of two areas with different risks for stomach cancer.

In children and adolescents from two areas of Costa Rica with contrasting gastric cancer risks, two factors suspected to be linked to the natural history of the disease were tested: serum antibodies to Helicobacter pylori and serum pepsinogen levels. One hundred fifty-five subjects from the high-risk area of Turrubares were compared to 127 from the low-risk area of Hojancha. No significant differences were found in the prevalence of IgG or IgA antibodies to Helicobacter pylori between the two regions. The prevalence of IgG was 65.8% in the high-risk area and 72.4 in the low-risk area, and that of IgA was 43% in both areas. The levels of pepsinogen, especially pepsinogen C, were significantly elevated in subjects with H. pylori antibodies in their serum. The mean levels of pepsinogen C in those negative, positive, and strong positive for H. pylori antibodies were 8.7, 14.3, and 21.1 ng/ml. These findings suggest that H. pylori-associated gastritis, predominantly of antral localization, is very prevalent in Costa Rican children and adolescents. Such gastritis might be associated with a high prevalence of intestinal metaplasia and a high gastric cancer risk in the inland, but not the coastal rural populations. H. pylori may therefore be an insufficient cause whose role in gastric carcinogenesis is contingent upon the presence of other factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colorectal adenomas: clinical and morphological aspects. A review of 166 polyps from 124 Dutch patients.

In a series of 124 consecutive Dutch patients the clinical and morphological features of 166 endoscopically removed colorectal adenomatous polyps were reviewed. The most frequent clinical symptom was manifest blood loss with the stools (51%), but no specific adenoma symptom seemed to exist. Barium enema X-ray examination was done in 108 patients, whereas all patients were colonoscoped. The routinely performed barium examinations detected 71% of the polyps that were found during endoscopy, but not all X-ray examinations were air contrast barium enemas. A good correlation between the localization of the adenomas after both diagnostic modalities was found, indicating that more than 80% were located in the left part of the colon. Nineteen percent of the patients had had a metachronous (pre)neoplastic lesion removed from their large bowel previously, while 40% of the patients had a synchronous polypoid lesion at the moment of polypectomy. Sixty-two percent of the adenomas were tubular, whereas 38% were villous adenomas. There was a strong correlation between size and villous architecture (r = 0.38; p less than 0.001). The epithelial dysplasia was mild in 21%, moderate in 70% and severe in 9% of the adenomas. The degree of dysplasia correlated well with the villous type of mucosal growth (r = 0.24; p less than 0.005). These findings indicate that, 1) there are no colorectal adenoma specific symptoms, 2) to detect colorectal adenomas colonoscopy is the investigation of choice, 3) after the detection of a colorectal adenoma the whole colon should be investigated, 4) colorectal adenoma patients should be kept under surveillance, and 5) determination of the diameter and of the degree of epithelial cell dysplasia may be helpful in assessing the biological behavior of an adenomatous polyp.

Adenoma↗