Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I Blumenfeld.
The use of a custom-made silicone ectoprosthesis of the nipple-areola complex is presented. It is suggested, after completion of breast mound reconstruction, for those women who cannot undergo or refuse to undergo any further surgical procedure, or else for the interim until the final reconstruction is performed. It is convenient to use and the aesthetic appearance is pleasing.
Cleft lip and palate have been diagnosed antenatally only in the late midtrimester or at later gestational ages, when it is too late for pregnancy termination. The diagnosis of fetal cleft lip was made in three low-risk nulligravid women at 14 to 16 weeks of gestation by systematic screening with a 6.5 MHz transvaginal transducer and was confirmed by postabortal examination.
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A technique for the fabrication of a shoulder prosthesis has been described. The prosthesis has proven to be an effective means of rehabilitating a patient following an intrascapulothoracic amputation. The patient may once again wear clothing without having it adjusted to conform to the defect. Such rehabilitation has been of great psychologic value for patients and their families as well. The impression and processing procedures are effective for the fabrication of a shoulder prosthesis. The principles of this technique may be applied to the fabrication of other large somatoprostheses.
A technique is disucssed by which a flexible three-piece moulage may be fabricated. This procedure is a useful aid in the modeling of an orbital prosthesis. It permits the continued transfer of a wax pattern from the moulage to the patient utilizing the tissue undercuts for the retention and stabilization of the pattern. The critical task of properly positioning the ocular prosthesis is simplified by the increased stability of the entire pattern. This is of the utmost importance since even a slight error in the alignment of the eye can entirely negate the effect of an otherwise accurate prosthesis. In addition, the retention of the wax pattern simplifies the carving procedure, and accurate detail is easily secured. The acrylic resin surface on which the final silicone prosthesis is cured has proven to be accurate. Well-adapted, thin margins of the facial prosthesis have been consistently obtained.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Matrix metalloproteinases are important in the physiological and pathological degradation of extracellular matrix including that of bone and cartilage. The process of bone defect healing is associated with formation of cartilage callus and cancelous bone. With maturation and aging, the response of skeletal tissues to injury is limited. The ability of growth factors to enhance bone defect healing in aged rats was studied. Partial bone defects were induced in femurs of aged rats. A single dose of IGF-1, TGF-beta+IGF-1 or saline was inserted in the defect and bones were examined after 2 and 4 weeks. Morphology revealed that after 2 weeks of treatment with TGF-beta the defects were filled with mesenchyme-like tissue and delicate bone trabeculae. Positive staining for metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was shown at the sites of new bone formation. In defects treated with IGF-1 or TGF-beta+IGF-1 nodules of cartilage and fine bone trabeculae along with positive staining for both MMP-2 and MMP-3 were demonstrated in the healing defects. After 4 weeks radiology revealed mineralization in defects treated with TGF-beta and less pronounced mineralization after treatment with IGF-1, or with TGF-beta+IGF-1, whereas only partial healing of the defects was observed in control specimens. MMP-2 and MMP-3 were detected at sites of new bone formation after treatment with TGF-beta, IGF-1, and TGF-beta+IGF-1. It is concluded that TGF-beta and IGF-1 induced bone defect healing in aged rats. TGF-beta induced bone formation while IGF-1 induced cartilage and than bone formation via endochondral ossification. The localization of MMP-2 and MMP-3 in the healing defects reflected the synthesis of bone or cartilage matrices in the defect, reflecting the involvement of MMPs in the process of bone formation and endochondral ossification. The ability to induce bone defect healing in aging is of great clinical importance and understanding the involvement of MMPs in this process can contribute to future treatment with growth factors to enhance bone defect healing in 20-month-old female rats.
Osteoarthritic lesions are observed in temporomandibular joint cartilage of ICR mice aged 7 months and older, accompanied by reduced proliferation and matrix synthesis. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), is a multifactorial growth factor affecting matrix synthesis and cell proliferation in bone and cartilage, whereas interleukin-1 (IL-1) is involved in cartilage degradation. In order to establish the repair capacity of cartilage in aging, the response of cartilage from young and old animals to TGF-beta and IL-1 was studied. Mandibular condyles from young (1-month-old) and old (18-month-old) mice were cultured for up to 72 h in medium supplemented with TGF-beta1 or IL-1alpha. TGF-beta increased protein (+9.26%) and DNA (+36.0%) contents in young animals and DNA content (+19.49%) in old animals. Incorporations of [(3)H]thymidine and [(35)S]sulfate were enhanced in young (+254% and +116%, respectively) and in old (+22.6% and +6.88%, respectively) and animals and activity of alkaline phosphatase was induced in old animals. Treatment with IL-1 resulted in reduced DNA content in young (-35.76%) and old (-33.33%) animals, but acid phosphatase activity was induced in old animals. It is concluded that TGF-beta can induce anabolic activity even in cartilage from old animals indicating repair response in articular cartilage in aging.