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I Braveny

Publications and source records attributed to I Braveny.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of the so-called basic cephalosporins using the serum bactericidal test].

The serum bactericidal activity (SBA) was studied one hour and four hours after intravenous administration of 1 g and 2 g cefotiam, 1.5 g cefuroxime and 2 g cefazolin to six volunteers. The 136 clinical isolates tested included Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Haemophilus influenzae. One hour after administration no significant differences in the activity against staphylococci were noted in the antibiotics tested. Four hours after administration of cefazolin 96% of the Staphylococcus aureus strains were killed at a serum dilution of 1:8, whereas only one strain was killed by cefuroxime and none by cefotiam under the same conditions. The highest SBA-titers against Haemophilus influenzae were achieved with cefotiam at a dosage of 2 g. SBA-titers against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis were higher after administration of 1 g cefotiam than after administration of 1.5 g cefuroxime and 2 g cefazolin, respectively.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1979

[Echinococcosis.--Current problems of diagnosis and epidemiology (author's transl)].

The indirect hemagglutination-test (IHA) and the indirect immunefluorescence-test are two modern methods for the serological diagnosis of an echinococcosis. If both tests are employed, the disease can be diagnosed with great reliability. A titer of 1 : 128 in the IHA makes the diagnosis of an echinococcosis very likely; a titer exceeding 1 : 1000 is significant. Serological tests of 36 patients with E. cysticus and E. alveolaris are evaluated; the interpretation of the results is discussed. In all patients the diagnosis was established between October 1977 and October 1978. In Germany the complement fixation test is commonly used to diagnose an echinococcosis. This test, however, is unreliable and fails in one third of all cases. It should be--as well as the Casoni skin-test--replaced by more sensitive and specific reactions. If the complement fixation test is positive, it might be used for postoperative controls. Compared to previous years the disease-rate among Germans is rising. The main reason seems to be the increasing tourism to foreign countries. Serological tests in small laboratories are unreliable and make an evaluation difficult. The diagnosis should be established in specialized centres.

Complement Fixation Tests↗
PubMed1979

[Antibacterial activity of cefotaxim in comparison with seven cephalosporins].

The antibacterial activity of cefotaxim and seven cephalosporins was determined in 1,112 fresh isolates using the microdilution technique. All of the cephalosporins tested were ineffective against enterococci. Cefalotin was the most effective agent against Staphylococcus aureus. Cefaclor was superior to cephalexin against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, and thus inhibited 20% more Enterobacteriaceae. Cefazolin was as effective as cefamandole against E. coli. Cefuroxime and cefoxitin were almost equally effective against E. coli, Klebsiella and P. mirabilis; more than 95% of the strains were sensitive. Cefuroxime and also cefamandole were much more effective than cefoxitin against Citrobacter and Enterobacter. Cefoxitin on the other hand was superior against Serratia and indol-positive Proteus species. Cefotaxim was by far the most active cephalosporin against Enterobacteriaceae, only 2% of the strains being resistant. More than 90% of the strains of E. coli, Klebsiella, P. mirabilis and Serratia were sensitive to 1 mg/l, the lowest degree of activity being displayed against Enterobacter; 82% of the strains were inhibited by 16 mg/l. Cefotaxim was the only cephalosporin which showed appreciable activity against Pseudomonas.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1979

[In vitro activity of cefaclor against Haemophilus influenzae in comparison to various oral chemotherapeutic agents (author's transl)].

The antibacterial activity of cefaclor against 100 non-beta-lactamase producing and 11 beta-lactamase producing isolates of Haemophilus influenzae was compared with that of cephalexin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole. A new standardized microtiter dilution technique was used. Cefaclor showed greater activity than did cephalexin and inhibited beta-lactamase producing H. influenzae isolates. Ampicillin was the most active compound against non-beta-lactamase producing isolates. One of our strains was resistant to chloramphenicol and one resistant to tetracycline.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1978

The influence of maternal immunoglobulin-G-antibodies on indirect haemagglutination in newborns.

High antibody titers against Escherichia coli were found in 100 randomly selected pregnant women by means of indirect haemagglutination (IHA). After birth, sera from the umbilical vein of the newborns were also tested. It was found that the indirect haemagglutination titers of the children were strongly influenced by the IgG which had been transferred via the placenta. Twenty-two sera of newborns showed an increased IHA-titer against E. coli, but only seven children displayed specific IgM antibodies, determined by indirect immunofluorescence. After chromatographic separation of the sera into IgG and IgM fractions, it was demonstrated that isolated antibodies of the IgG type alone can produce increased IHA titers. The assumption that the indirect haemagglutination is determined almost exclusively by antibodies of the IgG type is unfounded. Therefore, indirect haemagglutination is not suitable as a screening-test for newborns.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

[A method for testing susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae to co-trimoxazole (author's transl)].

Various methods for determining the activity of co-trimoxazole against haemophilus influenzae have been compared. The results were cortically influenced by antagonistic substances in the medium. The content of p-aminobenzoeacid and thymidine in the medium should be as low as possible. The antagonistic influences are compensated by lysed horseblood, which contains thymidine-phosphorylase. Haeminchloride and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) are better growth-factors than other poorly defined preparations (Supplement C, Fil-des-Enrichment, Iso-VitaleX). For the determination of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) we propose the microtiter technique. Likewise a modified agar diffusion test can be recommended for screening purposes. Of the 143 haemophilus influenzae strains tested against co-trimoxazole 134 (94%) were sensitive.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1978

[Indirect hemagglutination test for detection of toxoplasma antibodies (author's transl)].

A micromethod with stable reagents for the simple and rapid detection of toxoplasma antibodies with the indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT) is presented. The results obtained with this method are compared with the titers in the dye test and complement-fixation test and with two IHAT-kits recently offered by commercial firms. We propose to use the IHAT as a supplementary reaction to the methods commonly in use. The relationship between the Sabin-Feldman dye test and IHAT is dependent upon the stage of infection. A very good agreement is obtained with latent toxoplasma infections. On the contrary with some new infections (up to 6 months) the IHAT titer is clearly lower than the dye test titer. This discrepancy opens the possibility of determining the infection stage with a single serum-sample.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1978

A method of mass cultivation of Toxoplasma gondii in cell culture.

Large quantities of Toxoplasma gondii were cultivated in human larynx carcinoma cells (H.Ep 2, heteroploid). Virulent Toxoplasma gondii, strain RH, which were obtained from the peritoneal exsudate of mice 2 days after infection served as inoculum. As culture medium for the cells and for growth medium, Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) supplemented by 5% foetal calf serum and 200,000 IE/1 Penicillin plus 20 mg/1 Sulmycin was used. 2--3 days after inoculation, 150--200 times the amount of the inoculated Toxoplasmas could be harvested in one or several harvests.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental studies on the affinity of Toxoplasma gondii to various organs of mice (author's transl)].

In response to their alleged "uterus affinity" the organotropism of various Toxoplasma strains was investigated in the female mouse. Using quantitative histological (immunofluorescence) and serological (Sabin-Feldman-dye test, complement fixation test), we examined the brain, heart, lung, spleen, striated muscle, uterus and ovaries. The following results were obtained: All four of the Toxoplasma strains (ALT, DX, WEISS, GAIL) showed a definite neurotropism. Located in the brain were one hundred times as many cysts as in the sexual organs and ten times as many as in the reamining organs. The uterus and ovary show a low susceptibility, invasion rarely occuring. An "uterus affinity" could not be confirmed. All four Toxoplasma strains showed the same affinity for the various organs. The strain ALT showed the most virulence and formed the most cysts.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Different antibody tests (IgG, IgM) from children with chronical recurrent urinary tract infections (author's tranls)].

Different Antibody tests (IgG, IgM) were made from children with chronical and recurrent urinary tract infections with help of the indirect fluorescent method and were compared with the indirect hemagglutination test. The indirect hemagglutination gave absolutely higher antibody rest results, but the specifity of the immune fluorescence test is just as large. You can see the acute attacks of pyelonephritis in either the antibody response test or IHA test. It is quite important, in the beginning, to repeat the controlls of the antibody test, because the changes that could occure in the titer should be seen. The IgG antibody reactions rise slightly during the acute attacks of E. coli- and Enterococci reinfections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A new method for producing a chronic E. coli pyelonephritis in rabbits.

Chronic pyelonephritis, especially that caused by the most common invader E. coli, corresponding satisfactorily to the pathophysiology of the human disease is difficult to reproduce. We have developed a pattern of infection with which we succeeded reliably in producing a chronic E. coli pyelonephritis. This was achieved by inserting a plastic catheter into the renal pelvis. A suspension of E. coli was injected via the catheter into the renal pelvis of 32 rabbits. This pattern of infection takes a chronic progressive course and, in all cases, results in typical macroscopic and histological changes in the kidney. The bacterial excretion in the urine remains unchanged over a period of months. With the experimental procedure described, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of chronic E. coli pyelonephritis can be clearly studied. Drugs currently used on patients can be tested for their effectiveness in long-term application.

Animals↗