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Biomedical subjects

I Burn

Publications and source records attributed to I Burn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Access to assisted human reproduction services by minority groups.

This paper looks at the claims of lesbian and single women to have access to Assisted Human Reproduction (AHR) in New Zealand, discusses legislation, rulings and regulations, as well as the opinions of people who have been involved in this issue. These include clinics and health professionals who provide these services, ethics committees and other bodies, and public opinion. Some implications for policy development are also discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Mammary duct ectasia and pituitary adenomas.

Mammary duct ectasia developed in three postmenopausal patients who had had pituitary chromophobe adenomas. The first patient had bilateral duct ectasia that developed 8 and 11 years after hypophysectomy. The second patient, who also had bilateral ectasia, had a prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma for which bromocriptine was prescribed. The ectasia developed in one breast before commencing bromocriptine therapy, and in the other breast 2 years later. The third patient also had a prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma. Unilateral duct ectasia developed while bromocriptine was taken. The ectasia in all patients was very marked and affected all excised ducts. Cholesterol granulomas were sometimes very extensive. These cases suggest a relationship between certain hypothalamic/pituitary disorders, possibly related to prolactin secretion and the development of mammary duct ectasia in postmenopausal patients.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1986

Alveolar variant of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. A tumor rich in estrogen receptors.

During a study of the correlation between the histologic types of breast carcinoma and their hormone receptor contents, eight cases of the alveolar variant of invasive lobular carcinoma were identified, and all had estrogen receptor protein concentrations higher than 400 fmol/mg cytosol protein. Four more cases of the same variant were later prospectively diagnosed and their high estrogen receptor concentrations correctly predicted. All 12 tumors occurred in postmenopausal women. Most (92%) presented in Stage I or II of the disease. None of the patients died of the tumors during the short period of follow-up (median two years). It is concluded that the alveolar variant of lobular carcinoma of the breast is a tumor with consistently high estrogen receptor concentration and probably a low-grade malignancy. It is also suggested that the tumor may be the lobular equivalent of the ductal infiltrating Comedo carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Alveolar variant of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: an electron microscopic study.

Four cases of alveolar variant of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast were examined by electron microscopy, and their appearance compared with those of in situ and classical invasive lobular carcinoma. The individual tumor cells in the alveolar variant were basically similar to those described in the other two lobular tumors. The neoplastic alveoli consisted mostly of light cells, although a few dark cells were sometimes seen at the periphery. The nuclei were large, rounded and rich in euchromatin. The cytoplasm contained a variable amount of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and a few cells had intracytoplasmic filaments. Numerous tumor cells with membrane-bound electron-dense granules were occasionally seen. A few cells also had intracytoplasmic lumina. Tumor cells were usually seen in close contact with each other. Interdigitating processes and desmosomes were present. In general the tumor cells were not surrounded by basal lamina, but most alveoli were surrounded by elongated fibroblasts or myofibroblasts. These findings confirm both the lobular and the invasive nature of this distinct variant of breast carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The surgeon and chemotherapy: twenty five years personal experience.

The realm of cancer chemotherapy is complex and often conflicting. The massive use of cytotoxic agents during the past 25 years has now reached a point where major decisions have to be made. The respective roles of regional techniques, systemic therapy for metastatic disease and adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy, all need the most careful re-appraisal. It is important that surgical opinion continues to be expressed and that surgeons continue to participate in the study and practice of cancer chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

The present role of adrenalectomy in breast cancer.

Evidence does not support the argument that surgical adrenalectomy carries too great a risk to justify its use in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. The increasing availability of methods of measuring tumour receptors will undoubtedly increase the level of accuracy in predicting response to surgical adrenalectomy. The operation itself is well within the scope of most experienced general surgeons. In view of the good quality of life for those who respond well and the possibility of prolonging survival far beyond that achieved by other treatment methods, there seems to be no reason why it should not continue to be recommended on a carefully selective basis to certain women with advanced and progressive breast cancer.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1984

Repeated screening for breast cancer.

In a screening service for breast cancer the results of routine repeat tests of women will contribute more than the results of their initial tests. A comparison of first and subsequent screens in a group of high risk women suggests that the sensitivity of screening declines between first and subsequent visits, whereas its specificity improves. Despite improved specificity, the ratio of benign biopsies to cancer was worse at repeated screening (21 to 1) than at first screening (6 to 1). This was because between first and subsequent screens the yield of cancers fell to a greater extent than the yield of benign disease. The patients with breast cancer diagnosed during this study were remarkable for their good prognosis, 92% being still alive and 86% free from recurrence at their last follow up, the follow up intervals ranging from four to eight years.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The role of mammography in the evaluation of advanced breast cancer treated by initial endocrine therapy.

Fifty-five patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with initial endocrine therapy have been followed up for periods of between 6 and 64 months (median 17 months) with regular clinical and radiological examination. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of mammography in initial assessment, and subsequent follow-up. Fifty patients were available for evaluation and were classified by clinical, and by mammographic data independently. The clinical assessment, using UICC criteria of response, estimated 36 patients (72 per cent) as responders (complete response, partial response and no change). Mammographic assessment of response, using 8 radiological features of malignancy, agreed with the clinical estimate in 48 per cent of cases and 32 patients (64 per cent) were assessed as responders. Where clinical and mammographic assessment differed, it was usually due either to a smaller radiological reduction in tumour size, or mammography demonstrating features of progressive disease not observed clinically. Two other mammographic features studied were of prognostic significance. In 70 per cent of the responders in which microcalcifications were present, they became reduced in number but increased in size, a change not seen in non-responders. A curvilinear band, or 'rainbow sign', is described which is an early sign of localized skin infiltration and was associated with a poor prognosis.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

An androgen-associated hepatic adenoma in a trans-sexual.

A case is reported of an hepatic adenoma developing in a patient who had been taking testosterone for 3 years. There appears to be an association between various steroid preparations and hepatic neoplasia. Reports of such cases with all relevant data will allow a balanced assessment of the problem to be made.

Adenoma↗