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Biomedical subjects

I Chatzipapas

Publications and source records attributed to I Chatzipapas.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Postoperative ascites developing after laparoscopic surgery can become a difficult diagnostic dilemma.

Postoperative ascites is a rare complication of laparoscopic surgery. Life-threatening and serious etiologies such as unrecognized bowel or urinary tract injury should be excluded promptly to avoid prolonged morbidity and even mortality. Occasionally, no definitive cause can be identified after an extensive diagnostic work-up. In such cases, idiopathic allergic or inflammatory peritoneal reaction may be the final diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Ultrasonographic markers for chromosomal abnormalities in women with negative nuchal translucency and second trimester maternal serum biochemistry.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the value of second trimester ultrasound examination among those women whose fetuses were indicated to be at low risk of chromosomal anomalies on the basis of both first trimester nuchal translucency measurement and second trimester biochemical screening. METHODS: A retrospective study of 5500 pregnancies carried out at the fetal medicine unit, Royal Free Hospital. During a period of over 3 years 5500 pregnancies underwent a first trimester scan and nuchal translucency measurement which enabled the detection of 62% (20 of 32) of all chromosomal anomalies. From the remaining pregnancies that underwent second trimester biochemical screening, 3548 were considered negative (risk < 1:250; using maternal serum free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin and alpha fetoprotein). The ultrasound markers that were examined were: shortened femur length, echogenic bowel, pyelectasis, choroid plexus cysts and echogenic intracardiac foci. The likelihood ratios for chromosomal aneuploides for each of these markers were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 3548 screen negative pregnancies, 3541 (99.8%) had a normal karyotype. Seven (0.2%) fetuses had an abnormal karyotype including four (0.11%) with trisomy 21, one with trisomy 18 and two with 47XXY. Second trimester ultrasound markers were found in two of the five (40%) with severe chromosomal anomalies compared to 184 of 3541 (5.2%) with normal karyotypes. Detection of one or more ultrasound markers in a screen negative pregnancy increased the possibility of chromosomal aneuploidy and a negative ultrasound decreased the risk by a likelihood ratio of 0.6 (95% confidence interval, 0.3-1.3). The risk was considerably increased when two or more markers were detected and we would recommend karyotyping under these circumstances. CONCLUSION: This preliminary data indicates a possible role for abnormal ultrasound markers in assessing the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in patients considered to be at low risk by nuchal translucency and serum screening. However analysis of a much larger study group will have to be conducted to assess the significance of individual markers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The significance of choroid plexus cysts, echogenic heart foci and renal pyelectasis in the first trimester.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the significance of certain soft ultrasonographic markers for chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester. DESIGN: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London, UK. METHODS: A total of 5385 women from an unselected population underwent a detailed assessment of fetal anatomy at 11-14 weeks of gestation (confirmed by crown-rump length) by transabdominal sonography (5.0 MHz) and transvaginal sonography (6.0 MHz) when necessary. RESULTS: In normal fetuses, the prevalences of choroid plexus cysts, pyelectasis and echogenic heart foci were 2.2, 0.9 and 0.6%, respectively in the first trimester and 2.0, 0.8 and 0.8%, respectively in the second trimester. Pyelectasis (likelihood ratio = 8.0, p = 0.03) and echogenic heart foci (likelihood ratio = 10.3, p = 0.02) were found to be associated significantly with fetal aneuploidy, while choroid plexus cysts were not. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of aneuploidies were detected by increased nuchal translucency and/or the presence of structural abnormalities (78%; 25/32), the use of soft ultrasonographic markers in the first trimester would have increased the overall detection by a further 3%. These data are preliminary and many thousands of pregnancies will need to be examined to determine the significance of the individual markers in different chromosomal abnormalities.

Adolescent↗