Biomedical subjects

I Cravo

Publications and source records attributed to I Cravo.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Visual function in neurofibromatosis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the visual function in patients with neurofibromatosis (NF) and to study the etiology and incidence of visual dysfunction associated with NF. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 75 patient with diagnostic criteria for NF were evaluated. Neuro-ophthalmological examination as well as electrophysiological and imaging studies were performed. Special attention was given to the presence of visual dysfunction and to its correlation with the ophthalmic changes that were found. RESULTS: Ocular findings were present in 42 (56%) patients. Visual dysfunction was identified in only 11 (14.7%) patients. Visual acuity decrease was the most prevalent change, being present in eight (72.7%) of patients with visual dysfunction. Nystagmus, strabismus, visual field defects, and color vision defects were also detected. Therapy is also reviewed. The prognosis of the 11 patients with visual dysfunction was unfavorable, and is discussed. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of NF and ophthalmological findings related to it make the problem of visual dysfunction in NF a serious one, deserving of the attention of all ophthalmologists. Clinical examination, associated with complementary diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging studies), allows NF's identification, definition, and therapy. The high prevalence of asymptomatic ocular findings in NF (73.8%) highlights the role of imaging techniques in its evaluation.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypertrophic olivary degeneration. Semiology with magnetic resonance].

Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration is a type of transneuronal degeneration caused by lesions in the dento-rubro-olivary pathway. It involves the inferior olivary nucleus and is a unique type of degeneration because it is associated with hypertrophy of this nucleus. The authors report MRI findings in 10 patients with Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration, whose exams were reviewed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative applications of cortical mapping with functional magnetic resonance].

The authors describe a clinical experience in cortical brain mapping by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) with a 1.0 T MR scanner with BOLD technique and echo-planar imaging (EPI). A brief review is made of the theoretical basis of the BOLD technique and of the different functional tasks used. The main clinical applications of FMRI cortical mapping regarding the sensorimotor cortex of the hand and of language are mentioned. The experiment involves 29 patients, 16 with gliomas (G), 7 with mesial temporal sclerosis (MT S) and 6 with arteriovenous malformations (AVM) The most frequent clinical applications were the determination of the topographic relationship of the cerebral lesions with these eloquent cortices as well as the presurgical lateralization of language in medically intractable epileptic patients. The results are discussed in order to assess the FMRI cortical mapping role as a noninvasive method for presurgical planning, regarding the evaluation of the potential neurosurgical risks and the identification of viable cortex regions displaced or reorganized as a consequence of disease. Additionally, FMRI cortical mapping can also assess the atypical speech representations and the language lateralization of the patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Three-dimensional magnetic resonance reconstruction. Significance of neurosurgical planning].

The authors describe their experience with three-dimensional (3D) MRI reconstructions of the cerebral cortex in neurosurgical planning of cortical and subcortical lesions. The majority of the lesions were located on the cerebral hemispheres; there were also few cases of posterior fossa lesions. The authors selected three clinical cases to demonstrate the interest of 3D MRI. The authors describe another image processing method based on the three dimensional models obtained by using Curvilinear Multiplanar Reformatting (CMR) for the identification of subtle focal dysplastic lesions in patients with epilepsy. The advantages and disadvantages of those 3D MRI reconstructions methods are discussed and a comparison with conventional cross-sectional images is mentioned. The main disadvantages are the raw data relative to long acquisition time and the difficulty in sometimes establishing the cleavage plane between the cortex and extra-axial structures (e.g. young patients; lesions with great mass effect; lesions ventrally located in the cerebral lobes). In conclusion, the 3D MRI reconstructions of the cerebral cortex reveal additional information to conventional cross-sectional images and permit a precise location of the lesions. This is essential in some circumstances for neurosurgical planning and strategy, improving neurosurgical performance and patient outcome.

Adult↗