Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I D Douglas.
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita has been linked with malignant hyperthermia. A review of the anaesthetic experience at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children over a 32-year period revealed no episode of malignant hyperthermia occurring in patients with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita despite many and varied exposures to known triggering agents.
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In a series of 19 patients, the pre-blastic phase of chronic granulocytic leukaemia was controlled with busulphan given as single doses of 50-100 mg at 2-weekly intervals. Although there was no significant increase in the incidence of Ph1-negative cells in the bone marrow, remissions of a better haematological quality were attained more rapidly than with conventional therapy.
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An in vivo culture system, the agar diffusion chamber technique, has been used to measure the population of colony-forming precursor cells in the bone marrow of patients receiving immunotherapy during acute myeloid leukaemia in remission. The results of these assays indicate that (1) the level of committed granulocytic stem cells usually remains below the range found in normal marrow throughout remission, and (2) the maintenance of adequate cell counts in the blood may be due to increased cell production by these early granulocytic precursor cells. The relevance of these findings to the possible protective effect of immunotherapy against cytotoxic chemotherapy is discussed.
Serial bone marrow aspirates were taken from a single site in each of nine individuals. The colony forming capacity of these samples, measured by culturing the cells in semi-solid agar in diffusion chambers, fell as the aspirate volume increased. Comparison of the results from different individuals showed that this effect was consistent within the group and may be useful as a simple method for standardizing results from human bone marrow cultures.
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The colony forming ability of bone marrow cells from 110 haematologically normal patients was investigated by their growth in semi-solid agar in intraperitoneal diffusion chambers. Marrow aspirated from the sternum showed a consistently higher colony yield than that from the iliac crest. Study of site variation in the individual was possible in donors for bone marrow transplantation. In each of four cases, sternal marrow produced more colonies than any other site. Examination of smears made from the aspirated samples suggested that the difference in yield was not due to varying dilution by peripheral blood on aspiration from different sites. It is concluded, therefore, that the incidence of colony precursor cells is not uniform throughout the active marrow.
Changes in bone marrow status followig cytotoxic chemotherapy were measured by means of peripheral blood counts, bone marrow cytology and colony-formation in agar culture. A correlation is described between colony-forming ability and marrow differential count.
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A technique which allows colony growth of haematologically normal human bone marrow cells is described. The cells are supported by semi-solid-agar-medium inside modified Millipore diffusion chambers implanted in the peritoneal cavity of irradiated mice. After 9 days incubation colonies containing up to 1000 cells are found in these Agar Diffusion Chambers. All haematologically normal patients studied so far produced colonies, the majority with between 10 and 40 colonies per 2 X 10(5) bone marrow cells inoculated. This culture system therefore provides a convenient and reliable clonal assay for human bone marrow cells which, in contrast to the agar colony assay in vitro, does not require a source of Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF).