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Biomedical subjects

I E Kovalev

Publications and source records attributed to I E Kovalev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Immune response to benzo(a)pyrene in rabbits immunized with a conjugate of benzo(a)pyrene-albumin, synthesized in the microsomal monooxygenase system of the liver].

The feasibility of obtaining a conjugated benz(a)pyrene-protein antigen in the liver cytochrome P-450 system was studied. Covalent binding of benz(a)pyrene (BP) to albumin was performed with the use of liver microsomal fractions of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced rabbits. It was demonstrated that BP oxidation in liver microsomes is accompanied by covalent binding of [14C]BP to exogenous rabbit albumin. Immunization of rabbits with the obtained conjugate results in the development of a specific immune response to BP, and the appearance of specific antibodies and lymphocytes specifically binding [14C]BP in the blood.

Albumins↗
PubMed1987

[Antibodies to adrenaline and noradrenaline in neurologic diseases].

It has been established that some patients with organic lesions of the nervous system develop intensive immunological reaction to catecholamines. The presence in such patients of antibodies to adrenaline and noradrenaline is indicative of considerable disruption of catecholamine biotransformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of perfluorodecalin and perfluorotributylamine on the liver cytochrome P-450 system].

The effect of a single intraperitoneal injection of perfluorodecaline (0.5 ml) and perfluorotributylamine on the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system of male hybrid mouse (CBA X C57Bl) liver was studied. It was shown that perfluorodecaline is a potent inducer of the cytochrome P-450 system in the liver. The sharp increase of the cytochrome P-450 content and of the enzymatic activity was observed within 5 months. The biological effect of perfluorotributylamine on the monooxygenase system of the liver was much less pronounced. A slight inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 system was observed at short times after the injection followed by its slight stimulation after 2 weeks; 30 days thereafter all the parameters under study returned to control values.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Antibody formation to o-aminoazotoluene via the administration of conjugated antigens synthesized by enzymatic and chemical methods].

Two new methods are developed for synthesis of conjugated antigens of o-aminoazotoluene-bovine serum albumin (o-AAT--BSA): (1) from the microsomal fraction of the guinea pig liver which contains the cytochrome-P-450-dependent monooxygenase enzymic system and (2) from the m-chloroperbenzoic acid. A possible mechanism of the covalent binding of o-AAT with albumin under the effect of monooxigenases and of their chemical model is considered. Differences of antigenic determinants in conjugated antigens of o-AAT--BSA synthetized by the chemical and enzymic methods are detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Preparation of antibodies against o-aminoazotoluene using chemically and enzymatically synthesized conjugated antigens].

Two methods are developed for synthesis of conjugated antigens to o-aminoazotoluene (o-AAT)-albumin: the enzymatic method--using horseradish peroxidase (HP) and the chemical one--diazomethod. A possible mechanism is suggested for the covalent binding of o-AAT to albumin which is catalyzed by HP. Antibodies to o-AAT are obtained by immunization of animals. An essential difference is established for antigenic o-AAT determinants in conjugates synthesized by the enzymatic and chemical methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of hydrocortisone on the liver cytochrome P-450 system and the intensity of food anaphylaxis in guinea pigs].

Intraperitoneal injection of hydrocortisone in single daily doses from 0.1 to 25.0 mg/kg, for 3 days was followed by reduced activity of liver microsomal monooxygenases and decreased content of cytochrome P-450 and b5. Hydrocortisone diminished the activity of the liver cytochrome P-450 system in vivo that significantly potentiated hexenal sleep. The hydrocortisone-inhibited activity of the liver chromosome P-450 system was followed by intensified food anaphylaxis in guinea-pigs.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1984

[Features of the metabolic activity of the mononuclear phagocytic system in multiple sclerosis patients].

Metabolic activity of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) was studied in 65 patients with disseminated sclerosis (DS) and 65 control persons by determination of the test-substance biotransformation intensity. Sulfadimezine undergoing acetylation in MPS cells was chosen as a test-substance. Sulfadimezine was administered per os; both unchanged drug and its acetylated metabolite were detected in urine in 6 hours. Correlation between acetylated and non-acetylated sulfadimezine levels permitted dividing the examinees into "rapid" or "slow" acetylators (inactivators). Patients with DS belong mainly to slow acetylators since the test-substance in MPS cells of these patients is inactivated slowly. Correlation between "slow" and "rapid" acetylators in patients with DS was 5:1, that in the control group 2:1. A similar pattern was reported previously in patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. New approaches to the mechanisms of DS development based on MPS functions analysis are outlined.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1984

[Acetylation processes in chronic alcoholics].

The activity of N-acetyltransferase was investigated in chronic alcoholics by the intensity of sulfadimezine acetylation. The activity of the enzyme was shown to vary with the stage of the disease. As compared with control, patients with Stage II disease exhibited the predominance of "rapid" acetylators (60%) whilst a significant fall in the number of "rapid" acetylators (from 60% to 36%) was detected in Stage II disease.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1983

[Benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activity of immunocompetent cells].

A study was made of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in immunocompetent cells of varying origin and in hepatocytes from CBA mice. The cells from intact animals may be arranged in the following way with regard to the activity of the enzyme: macrophages greater than hepatocytes much greater than thymocytes greater than splenocytes. The immunostimulants (tilorone and its analogs) altered benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activity depending on the cell type.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

[Use of anti-morphine antibodies to determine low concentrations of morphine in human blood].

The authors have developed an immunochemical method for determining low concentrations of morphine in human serum based on using the reaction of passive hemagglutination inhibition. The method is highly sensitive and practical, does not require special equipment, expensive reagents, and preliminary treatment of the biological fluid. The method has already been used for determining the morphine level in narcomaniacs with the opium form of morphinism.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of inducers of mixed-function microsomal oxidases on the immune response of mice induced by heterologous erythrocytes].

In experiments on male white mice immunized with sheep red blood cells the influence of various substances, differing in their chemical composition and biological activity, on the antibody titers and the number of rosette-forming cells in the spleen has been studied. These substances, acting as inductors of microsomal oxidases with mixed function (cytochrome P-450 and P-448), are phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene, DDT, diphenin, rifampicin, benzodiazepin derivatives (diazepam and phenazepam). All monoxygenase activity inductors have been shown to exert a more or less pronounced immunosuppressive effect. Thus, reciprocal relations between the induction of monoxygenases and the induction of immune response have been established. The results obtained in this research are discussed from the viewpoint of the new hypothesis stating that immunity is one of the functions of the general system metabolizing chemical compounds in the body.

Animals↗