Biomedical subjects

I F Adewole

Publications and source records attributed to I F Adewole.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Magnesium sulphate for treatment of eclampsia: the Nigerian experience.

The preliminary result of an ongoing study in 4 major hospitals across Nigeria on the use of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) as an anticonvulsant in the management of eclampsia is presented. All the 21 obstetric patients with eclampsia (recruited so far) were treated with MgSO4 as the only anticonvulsant. All the patients responded well to the treatment regime in terms of control of fit, and remained conscious thereafter. There was no incidence of severe adverse reactions to the drug. The mean number of convulsions in the patients treated was 4. The observed side effects were nausea, vomiting and dizziness in 3 patients and there were 3 perinatal deaths. The findings so far on maternal and fetal outcomes support the routine administration of MgSO4 as the drug of choice for the control of convulsion in women with eclampsia.

Anticonvulsants↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative evaluation of hypofractionated radiotherapy and conventional fractionated radiotherapy in the management of carcinoma of the cervix in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Four hundred and eighty patients with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the uterine cervix were randomized into 2 groups to either receive hypofractionated radiotherapy (HF--230 patients--study group) or conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFR--250 patients--control group) between December 1988 and November 1992 at the Radiotherapy Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan. The 5-year survival rate for HF patients in Stages I, II, III and IV were, respectively, 91.3%, 67.2%, 40.2% and 18.0% while for CFR patients in Stages I, II, III and IV were respectively, 92.8%, 69.2%, 42.5% and 19.6%. Though early radiation adverse effects were similar in CFR and HF patients, marked late adverse radiation effects were observed in HF patients than in CFR patients. Complete response rate and local tumour controls were found to be similar in the HF and CFR patients. This study revealed that with similar 5-year survival, complete response rate and local tumour control in HF and CFR patients while a significantly higher late radiation adverse effects were recorded in HF patients, conventional fractionated radiotherapy is the preferred form of radiation therapy in the management of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Administration of hypofractionated radiotherapy for cervical cancer patients with the aim of maximizing the use of few available radiotherapy facilities, as currently obtained in some radiotherapy centres in Nigeria will result in high post treatment morbidity.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Vulvar and vaginal cancers as seen at the University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria.

In a study of female lower genital tract cancers over a 20-year period (1976-1995), 30 cases of histologically confirmed vulval cancer and 46 of vaginal cancer were seen, constituting 1.3% and 2%, respectively of total female genital cancers. Over 50% of the cases occurred between the 4th and 6th decades. Vulval cancers are further identified into the 7th decade. The majority of cases were of squamous cell carcinoma and the role of HPV is uncertain. For various reasons most patients received unsatisfactory surgical treatment. The populace should be educated regarding early hospital attendance in cases of genital tract lesions, as this will improve the treatment outcome. Whereas healthcare workers should strive to offer the best treatment options available including prompt referral to specialist centres, governments should supplement the cost of care for patients with malignant diseases since the treatment cost can be prohibitive for the individual patients whereas the overall prognosis in early disease is fair.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A ten-year review of breech deliveries at Ibadan.

An audit of all breech deliveries at the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a ten-year period was done to determine the most important contributors to perinatal morbidity and mortality in breech deliveries. The data were obtained from the birth register and individual case records of patients seen at the hospital during the period. The audit revealed the occurrence of 263 breech deliveries out of a total 9,966 deliveries, giving an incidence of breech presentation of 2.6%. Breech presentation was commonest among primigravidae (32.0%) and decreased with increasing parity. Caesarean section was the commonest mode of delivery (46.1%) at term. The fresh stillbirth rate was 10.5%. Low birthweight and prematurity were noted in 31.0% and 35.2%, respectively. The corrected perinatal mortality rates for pre-term and term breech were 450.0 per 1000 and 62.5 per 1000, respectively. Caesarean section appeared to confer an advantage over vaginal delivery at term. Low birth-weight and prematurity remain significant predisposing factors to the high perinatal morbidity and mortality attending breech births.

Apgar Score↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The unfavourable cervix: improving the Bishop score with the Foley's catheter.

The balloon Foley's Catheter applied in the extra-amniotic space was used to ripen the cervix prior to planned induction of labour or induced abortion in 88 patients. This procedure was effective in significantly improving the Bishops Score to inducible levels in 97% of the patients. The Foley's Catheter is cheap, easily available for use, associated with very minimal complications and therefore provide a readily available and efficacious method of cervical ripening.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antepartum haemorrhage: the influence of first trimester uterine bleeding.

The influence of first trimester uterine bleeding on the incidence of antepartum haemorrhage was evaluated in 374 patients. The incidence of abruptio placentae and placenta previa were 1.0% and 2.0% respectively in these patients. In the control group of patients who did not experience first trimester uterine bleeding, the incidence was 0.4% for abruptio placentae and 1.0% for placenta previa. The study indicates that first trimester threatened abortion is associated with about 21/2 fold risk of abruptio placenta and placenta previa than in the general obstetric population. The possible reasons for these incidences are discussed.

Abortion, Threatened↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antepartum haemorrhage: the influence of first trimester uterine bleeding.

The influence of first trimester uterine bleeding on the incidence of antepartum haemorrhage was evaluated in 374 patients. The incidence of abruptio placentae and placenta previa were 1.0% and 2.0% respectively in these patients. In the control group of patients who did not experience first trimester uterine bleeding, the incidence was 0.4% for abruptio placentae and 1.0% for placenta previa. The study indicates that first trimester threatened abortion is associated with 2 1/2 fold risk of abruptio placenta and placenta previa than in the general obstetric population. The possible reasons for these incidences are discussed.

Abortion, Threatened↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The value of routine endometrial biopsy in gynaecological practice in Nigeria.

A review of 7,211 endometrial biopsy reports in a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria, over a 6 year period revealed that 90.5% of samples from 5,795 patients with infertility and 83.4% of 1,416 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were essentially normal. The yield for tuberculosis endometritis (0.49%) and uterine corpus malignancy (0.58%) was low. Eighty percent of patients with uterine malignancy were aged 40 years and above. In an era of medical audit and scarce human and financial resources, the wisdom of routine endometrial biopsy in all women with infertility and those with abnormal uterine bleeding who are younger than 40 years, is called to question.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Trends in cervical cancer screening in Ibadan, Nigeria: a four-year review.

A four year retrospective review of cervical cytology services at the University College Hospital between 1992 and 1995 was carried out with a view to evaluating the trends in attendance, cost, sociodemographic characteristics and pattern of abnormal smears. The results were compared to those of an initial 4-year period (1988-1991) when the service was initiated. Fifty-three percent (53.8%) of 1,127 smears taken during the period were routine smears. Majority (45.8%) of the smears were non-specific inflammatory changes while 26.8% were negative. Cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) was diagnosed in 11.8% while 5 patients (0.44%) had neoplastic changes. The mean age were 39.8 (+/- 9.5), 40 (+/- 9), 52 (+/- 6) years for the entire study population, patients with CIN and patients with neoplastic changes respectively. There is a general decline in the number of smears taken while the cost of the procedure increased over the study period. In 10.5% there are inadequate documentation and missing results. In our country where cervical cancer is the commonest female malignancy and leading cause of death among women, there is an urgent need to reverse this unfavourable trend, through use of public education, inducement, staff motivation and training in addition to computerisation of data.

Adult↗