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Biomedical subjects

I F Hunt

Publications and source records attributed to I F Hunt.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Dietary zinc intake of low-income pregnant women of Mexican descent.

Zinc intakes of low-income pregnant women of Mexican descent were estimated by the use of 24-hr dietary recalls. Recalls were obtained during the first two trimesters for 344 women and again during the third trimester of pregnancy for 279 of the same women. The daily mean zinc intake was calculated as 9.4 +/- 3.8 mg during the first two trimesters and as 10.0 +/- 4.3 mg during the third trimester. For about 85% of the women, the reported intakes were below two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowance for zinc. In a subsample of the women, no significant correlation was shown between low dietary zinc intakes and low serum zinc levels during either early or late pregnancy. Zinc and protein intakes were highly correlated in both early and late pregnancy (r = 0.83 and 0.89, respectively). Diets that provided 90 to 100 g of protein (about 125% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance) provided a mean of 13.6 g of zinc (67% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance).

California↗
PubMed1979

Nutrient estimates from computerized questionnaires vs. 24-hr. recall interviews.

A computerized nutritional assessment service used by dentists was investigated. Daily nutrient intake of forty-six adult subjects was estimated from replies to a computerized food frequency questionnaire and the results compared with the average nutrient intakes of the same individuals obtained during five 24-hr. dietary recall interviews. Although the two methods produced essentially the same mean for carbohydrate intake and a minimal difference in the mean caloric values, mean estimates of the other nutrients were 6 to 88 per cent greater with the computerized data than via the dietary recalls. The dietary assessment service included unwarranted recommendations for vitamin and mineral supplementation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Biochemical assessment of the nutritional status of low-income pregnant women of Mexican descent.

Biochemical parameters of nutritional status were investigated in 300 women of Mexican descent during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Blood samples were obtained from the women during clinic visits, and measurements were made of serum iron, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum protein, and transferrin saturation. Additionally, the nutritional status of seven vitamins was determined either by direct assay of the vitamin levels in blood or by measurement of erythrocyte enzyme stimulation. Thiamin and riboflavin were also determined in causal urine samples. Very few women, 8% or less, were classified as being low or deficient in hemoglobin, serum protein, iron, transferrin saturation, vitamin C, carotene, vitamin A, or vitamin B12. Thirty-one percent had low or deficient hematocrit values according to the guidelines used. Folic acid was the most prevalent vitamin deficiency, with 69% of the women having low or deficient serum levels. Based on the erythrocyte enzyme stimulation tests, 22% of the women were low or deficient in thiamin, 29% were low or deficient in riboflavin, and 9% were deficient in pyridoxine. None of the women had a low urinary excretion of thiamin, but 8% had excretion values of riboflavin below the acceptable level. Fewer deficiencies of thiamin and serum folic acid were observed in women taking vitamin and mineral supplements than in those who were not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effect of nutrition education on the nutritional status of low-income pregnant women of Mexican descent.

Low-income pregnant women of Mexican descent were studied to determine whether their food habits could be improved by nutrition education. Biochemical indices of nutritional status were also investigated. Twenty-four-hour dietary recalls were obtained at an initial interview and again at a final interview after a nutrition education program, which was offered to a randomly selected treatment group. At the initial interview, the mean nutrient intakes that were most often below two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) were iron, vitamin A, thiamin, and calcium. The mean energy value of the diets was also frequently below the RDA. At the final intakes, although the mean energy values and the calcium and carbohydrate of both the control and treatment groups increased significantly, the following improvements in dietary intakes were seen only within the treatment group: 1) there were significant increases in the mean intake of protein, ascorbic acid, niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin, 2) there were significant decreases in the percentage of intakes below two-thirds of the RDA for ascorbic acid and riboflavin, and 3) there was a significant decrease in the incidence of multiple low nutrient intakes. These dietary improvements, which occurred only in the treatment group, suggest the effectiveness of the nutrition education program. The most common biochemical deficiencies were of folic acid, thiamin, and riboflavin. Except for an improvement in mean serum folate levels, the biochemical indices for the treatment group did not appear to be influenced by the nutrition education. It is possible that the vitamin and mineral supplements which were taken by 80% of the women could have obscured improvements in biochemical indices which may have been due to the education program.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of a ghetto school breakfast program.

A program was initiated to provide a free breakfast at a ghetto elementary school. Community support was achieved at the expense of randomization of study subjects. While no significantly greater increase in school attendance or performance was detected in comparison with a control school, none of the students was malnourished and diets of students in the control school were as adequate as those in the breakfast school. Thus, it cannot be concluded that school breakfast programs would not benefit malnourished children or teen-agers who most often go without breakfast.

Black People↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of a social support group, as an adjunct to diabetes training, on metabolic control and psychosocial outcomes.

The purpose of this present study was to evaluate a social support group as an adjunct to an intensive outpatient diabetes training program. Insulin-treated and non-insulin-treated patients (n = 204) were randomized into two groups: the control group received the training program only, whereas the experimental group was offered the same program plus eight support group meetings. At the 7-month follow-up, patients in both groups showed improved metabolic control, diabetes knowledge, frequency of practicing recommended diabetes management behaviors, and emotional adjustment. Although no additional improvement was seen in those outcome measures in patients who attended support group meetings, results of a subjective evaluation of the support group showed that patients experienced positive feelings in the groups that may contribute to patient health. A better understanding of the possible contribution of support groups to health is necessary before such groups are routinely recommended to patients.

Adult↗