Biomedical subjects

I F Rowe

Publications and source records attributed to I F Rowe.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

In vivo turnover studies of C-reactive protein.

The in vivo plasma clearance rate of the acute phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) was studied in mice and rats. The clearance rate of 125I-human CRP in mice and 125I-rat CRP in rats showed a T1/2 of approximately 4 h. The T1/2 was independent of circulating levels of CRP and was not affected by the presence of C-polysaccharide (CPS), a ligand to which CRP binds. However, in mice receiving sufficient CPS, more radioactivity localized to the spleen compared to mice receiving 125I-CRP only. 125I-CPS was rapidly cleared at the same rate by normal mice and by mice undergoing an acute phase response while rats cleared 125I-CPS more slowly despite having high circulating CRP concentrations. These findings suggest that CRP does not provide a mechanism for extremely rapid clearance of its ligands from the circulation, although the handling and subsequent fate of these ligands may be affected.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Rabbit and rat C-reactive proteins bind apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins.

Immobilized rabbit and rat C-reactive protein (CRP) were found to selectively bind apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins (low density lipoprotein, LDL and very low density lipoprotein, VLDL) from whole serum in a manner similar to that previously reported with human CRP. In acute phase human serum the CRP is in a free form, not complexed with lipoprotein or any other macromolecular ligand, and in acute phase serum from most rabbits fed on a normal diet the rabbit CRP was also free. However, in acute phase serum or heparinized plasma from hypercholesterolemic rabbits part or all of the CRP was found by gel filtration and immunoelectrophoretic techniques to be complexed with beta-VLDL, an abnormal apoB-containing plasma lipoprotein present in these animals. The presence of extent in different serum samples of CRP complexed with lipoprotein correlated closely with the serum apoB concentration. The formation of complexes between native, unaggregated rabbit CRP in solution and apoB-containing lipoproteins was readily demonstrable experimentally both with the isolated proteins and in whole serum. In all cases these interactions were calcium-dependent and inhibitable by free phosphoryl choline. The present findings extend earlier work in man and the rabbit and indicate that among the C-reactive proteins from different species, which are structurally highly conserved, the capacity for selective binding to apoB-containing plasma lipoproteins is also a constant feature. These interactions may therefore be related to the in vivo function of CRP in all species and this function may in turn be relevant to pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, in which lipoproteins are important.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Assessment of pulmonary ventilation scans using xenon-127 in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

Pulmonary ventilation scans using 127Xe were compared with scans using 133Xe in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. A perfusion scan using 99mTc -microspheres and ventilation scans with each of the xenon isotopes were performed on 44 patients referred for lung scanning to confirm or exclude a suspected clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. No significant difference was found in the frequency of diagnosis of pulmonary embolism when comparing each of the ventilation scans with the corresponding perfusion scan. For reasons discussed, 127Xe may be more useful than 133Xe for pulmonary ventilation scanning.

Humans↗

PubMed1984

Measurement of serum C reactive protein concentration after bone marrow transplantation for leukaemia.

C reactive protein concentration was measured serially in 19 patients with leukaemia after bone marrow transplantation. Six episodes of graft versus host disease occurred in the presence of fever but with no evidence of infection, and these were associated with C reactive protein concentrations as high as 200 mg/l. C reactive protein values were also increased in 12 febrile episodes associated with infection, in seven of which graft versus host disease was also present. C reactive protein concentrations are of no value in differentiating infection from graft versus host disease, but in both cases they may be useful as an objective index of response to appropriate treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Circulating human C-reactive protein binds very low density lipoproteins.

Native human CRP in solution formed complexes with the abnormal lipoprotein beta-VLDL in serum of patients with type III hyperlipoproteinaemia. CRP also formed complexes in sera from individuals with type IV and type V hyperlipoproteinaemia. The binding was calcium-dependent and inhibitable by free phosphoryl choline. No complexes were demonstrable in sera containing high LDL levels from cases of type IIa hyperlipoproteinaemia. Addition of isolated beta-VLDL, but not of isolated LDL, to acute phase normolipoproteinaemic serum caused the appearance of soluble CRP-lipoprotein complexes. In contrast, addition of an excess of isolated normal VLDL to acute phase serum or to isolated CRP was followed by agglutination (creaming) of the lipoprotein particles. Rabbit CRP, on the other hand, formed soluble complexes both with normal human apoB containing lipoproteins and with the abnormal beta-VLDL. Human CRP complexed with rabbit beta-VLDL but not with normal rabbit serum lipoproteins. These interactions may be important for the role of CRP in health and disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

In vivo turnover studies of C-reactive protein and lipoproteins in the rabbit.

Clearance from the plasma of 125I-labelled rabbit C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly slower in animals undergoing an acute phase response (T1/2, mean +/- s.d., 6.48 +/- 1.4 h, n = 4) than in normal rabbits (3.17 +/- 0.4 h, n = 4), P less than 0.01. In contrast there was no difference between the rates of clearance of CRP in rabbits on a normal diet and hypercholesterolaemic rabbits, the plasma of which contained high levels of beta-VLDL with which CRP is known to form circulating complexes. Furthermore the apparent rates of clearance of 125I-labelled beta-VLDL, VLDL and LDL did not differ between normal rabbits and rabbits undergoing an acute phase response. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Candidal infection of bone. Assessment of serologic tests in diagnosis and management.

In this case report, 30 sera from a 25-year-old heroin abuser with intervertebral candidosis were treated for the presence of anti-Candida albicans antibodies by agglutination, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, and indirect immunofluorescent assay. Sera were also adsorbed with heat-killed blastospores to remove antibodies against yeast-phase cells and tested by indirect immunofluorescent assay for anti-C. albicans germ tube antibodies (CAGTAs). Humoral responses to candidal 47-kD antigen were studied by immunoblotting in 23 unadsorbed sera. Anti-C. albicans antibodies were found in high titers by the three procedures but correlated poorly with the clinical evolution of the disease. CAGTAs were present from the beginning of the infection: Titers decreased in association with antifungal treatment and the patient's improvement, eventually becoming negative. Only class IgG antibodies to the 47-kD antigen were detected. These were present during the full course of the infection, failing to disappear at the end of the study. In this case, detection of CAGTAs appeared to be an important aid to diagnosis of the bony candidal infection, as they are detected early during the illness and seemed to have a prognostic significance.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical demonstration of amyloid P component in cerebro-vascular amyloidosis.

The presence of amyloid P component (AP) in cerebral amyloid deposits was sought using a direct immunoperoxidase technique. AP was detected in the amyloid deposits in the vessel walls but was absent from the intracerebral plaques in tissue from patients with senile cerebral amyloidosis. AP was also present in the amyloid deposits in the vessel walls of patients with the Icelandic form of hereditary cerebral haemorrhage associated with amyloidosis.

Amyloid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion does not provoke significant acute-phase response.

C-reactive protein (CRP), the classical acute-phase reactant, and serum amyloid A protein (SAA), the putative precursor of AA-type amyloid fibrils, were measured in 62 diabetic patients. They were all attending their regular clinic appointments and had been asymptomatic during the 2 wk preceding sampling. CRP and SAA levels were similar in 18 patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), 27 patients treated by conventional insulin therapy (CIT), nine treated by diet only, and eight treated by diet and oral hypoglycemic agents, and were almost entirely within the normal range. It is concluded that CSII does not provoke an acute-phase reaction in diabetic patients and, while caution should always be exercised with a new form of treatment, it does not seem likely that CSII will predispose to the development of reactive systemic amyloidosis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Audits of the prevention and treatment of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis in outpatients with rheumatic diseases in the West Midlands.

The management of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis in rheumatology outpatients in the West Midlands was audited in relation to the 2002 Royal College of Physicians (RCP) Guidelines and re-audited in relation to the 1998 National Osteoporosis Society (NOS) Guidance. Practice was assessed from prospective data on all follow-up patients over a 2-week period in 13 rheumatology units. Data were analysed on 2,609 patients. Of the 626 patients fulfilling criteria for assessment against the RCP Guidelines, 351 (56.1%) were treated appropriately. The results do not allow for availability of, or wait for, DEXA scanning. Of 197 patients fulfilling the criteria for assessment against the NOS Guidance, 137 (69.5%) were treated appropriately, compared to 63% in a similar audit undertaken in 2000. Regional audit may facilitate clinical governance. These audits will inform discussion on both improving local practice and strengthening cases for improved osteoporosis services.

Adolescent↗