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Biomedical subjects

I Faure

Publications and source records attributed to I Faure.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Me resistance genes in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) are clustered on the P9 chromosome.

The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is a major plant pathogen, affecting several solanaceous crops worldwide. In Capsicum annuum, resistance to this pathogen is controlled by several independent dominant genes--the Me genes. Six Me genes have previously been shown to be stable at high temperature in three highly resistant and genetically distant accessions: PI 322719, PI 201234, and CM334 (Criollo de Morelos 334). Some genes (Me4, Mech1, and Mech2) are specific to certain Meloidogyne species or populations, whereas others (Me1, Me3, and Me7) are effective against a wide range of Meloidogyne species, including M. arenaria, M. javanica, and M. incognita, the most common species in Mediterranean and tropical areas. These genes direct different response patterns in root cells depending on the pepper line and nematode species. Allelism tests and fine mapping using the BSA-AFLP approach showed these genes to be different but linked, with a recombination frequency of 0.02-0.18. Three of the PCR-based markers identified in several genetic backgrounds were common to the six Me genes. Comparative mapping with CarthaGene software indicated that these six genes clustered in a single genomic region within a 28 cM interval. Four markers were used to anchor this cluster on the P9 chromosome on an intraspecific reference map for peppers. Other disease resistance factors have earlier been mapped in the vicinity of this cluster. This genomic area is colinear to chromosome T12 of tomato and chromosome XII of potato. Four other nematode resistance genes have earlier been identified in this area, suggesting that these nematode resistance genes are located in orthologous genomic regions in Solanaceae.

Alleles↗
PubMed2001

[Macro-CK disclosing disseminated epidermoid carcinoma of the pyriform sinus in a patient with dermatomyositis].

INTRODUCTION: The association between dermatomyositis and cancer is clearly established, but its frequency remains difficult to define. EXEGESIS: We report the case of an association between a dermatomyositis and a cancer of the piriform antrum. Four months after surgical treatment and radiotherapy, the increased macro-CK level gave us reason to suspect a cancer relapse with pulmonary, hepatic, splenic and renal metastases without progressive clinical signs. CONCLUSION: Mitochondrial macro-CK detection must evoke the presence of neoplasia with or without metastasis, which would be a poor prognosis, as has been shown in our patient.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2001

[Natural killer cell nasal lymphoma mimicking localized Wegener's disease].

INTRODUCTION: Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity is particular. Pathological characteristics mainly associate a prevalent NK lymphocyte phenotype, a frequent exposure to the Epstein-Barr virus and a poor sensitivity to radiotherapy compared to other lymph node localizations. EXEGESIS: The authors report the case of a 38-year-old man. The patient had previously presented a chronic maxillary sinusitis. After a diagnosis of Wegener's disease, the poor course under therapy resulted in a nasal lymphoma. Natural killer cell nasal lymphoma was confirmed with a leading biopsy at the same time as a serious clinical outcome. The patient died of septic shock with multivisceral failure. CONCLUSION: The two differential diagnoses of ulcerative lymphoma of the midface are ulcerative infectious diseases and Wegener's disease. We must not miss this severe disease, with its poor prognosis and variable, though sometimes rapid speed of evolution.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Splenic vascular occlusion in the course of pancreatic cancer].

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic cancer is responsible for 6,000 deaths per year in France. During the course of the disease, venous thrombosis is common. Conversely, arterial thrombosis is rarely described. EXEGESIS: We report the case of a 59-year-old patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Treatment by gemcitabine allowed rapid and persistent improvement of the body weight and a prolonged survival (18 months). Sudden complication, i.e. splenic arterial thrombosis, reversed the favorable outcome. CONCLUSION: Splenic venous thrombosis is a frequent complication occurring in the course of pancreatic cancer. It is easily diagnosed using abdominal computerized tomography. Arterial thrombosis is rarely observed. It might be due to either sporadic, unexpected, occurrence of cases related to the evolution of underlying pathological mechanisms, or to omitted treatment of vascular complications, as until the introduction of new anticancer drugs this disease was considered to be of very poor prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Atherogen lipid profile in HIV-1-infected patients with lipodystrophy syndrome.

Background: Cases of lipodystrophy syndrome and metabolic disorders have been described since the onset of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of lipodystrophy (LD) and to define the associated lipid profile of these patients. Methods: The following were determined for each patient: lipid profile (cholesterol and its subfractions, atherogenicity ratios, and triglycerides), blood glucose, and immunovirological markers (CD4(+) cell count and plasma viral load). Patients were classified into two groups on the basis of whether or not they presented with clinical signs of LD. Results: Among 233 HIV-infected patients included in the study, 61 cases (26.1%) of lipodystrophy (LD) were noted. Compared with non-LD patients (NLD), LD patients were older men (P<10(-4)) with a lower CD4(+) lymphocyte cell count (P<0.007) and more often at the AIDS stage (P<10(-3)) (OR=3.2 (95% CI: 1.47-6.2)). Multivariate analysis showed a correlation between LD cases and age (10 years older) (OR=1.78 (95% CI: 1.23-2.57), P<0.002) and the decrease in CD4(+) cell count (100 CD4(+)/mm(3) lower) (OR=1.31 (95% CI: 1.09-1.58), P<0.004). An analysis of lipid subfractions and atherogenicity ratios clearly indicated a proatherogenic lipid profile for the LD patients. Conclusions: The underlying physiopathological mechanism of LD is still unknown. However, the lipid profile of HIV-1-infected patients with a LD syndrome appears to place these patients at an increased risk of progression of atherosclerosis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Hepatitis C virus infection with and without cryoglobulinemia as a case of Churg-Strauss syndrome.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may be associated with numerous immune disorders, with vasculitis including polyarteritis nodosa, or with both. Cryoglobulinemia, which is often present, can also be expressed by vasculitis. We describe 2 cases of Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) in patients with HCV infection. We found no previous case of CSS accompanying HCV infection in the literature. The current patients were women aged 40 and 66 years. In both cases, a clinical and laboratory pattern suggesting CSS was found before the HCV infection was discovered. One patient had cryoglobulinemia. One patient was successfully treated with interferon (IFN). The other was treated for 18 months with IFN and corticosteroids. Second-line therapy consisting of IFN with ribavirin was successful. The emergence of HCV infection may have led to an induced form of CSS. The relationship among HCV, cryoglobulinemia, and CSS is not clear, but may be similar to that existing between polyarteritis nodosa and hepatitis B virus. These observations suggest that IFN-alpha therapy may be effective against CSS in HCV infected patients with or without cryoglobulinemia.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1999

[Acrodystrophic neuropathy of Bureau and Barrière].

INTRODUCTION: The acrodystrophic neuropathy described by Bureau and Barrière in the 1950s is a rare trophic complication of chronic, analgesic neuropathy due to alcohol abuse, which is at the origin of perforating ulcers of the foot, vasomotor disorders with dysautonomia, and leads to mutilating arthropathy of the lower limb. This neuroacropathy, also termed vagabonds' or vagrants' disease, usually occurs in subjects with a debilitated condition, chronic alcoholism, and unfavourable socioeconomic conditions. EXEGESIS: We report four cases of Bureau-Barrière disease which occurred in male subjects who were on average 55 years of age. The clinical presentation was close to that reported in the literature. Indeed, all four patients were alcoholic, nondiabetic and lived under conditions of precarious hygiene. Therapeutic management of the patients was difficult due to bad compliance with the treatment and persistence of alcohol abuse. Immobilization of the foot is considered to be the primary treatment. Local care including baths and bandages with hydrocolloids must be continued during several months, and associated with antibiotic therapy, administered by infusion when necessary. The outcome is often chronic, with poor prognosis. Given the limited therapeutic possibilities, acrodystrophic neuropathy is an invalidating disease with high morbidity. CONCLUSION: Bureau-Barrière disease is a rare, serious invalidating disease. The clinical symptomatology is usually based on the diagnostic triad: analgesia of the foot, perforating ulcers of the foot, and deforming and mutilating arthropathy of the lower limb. Treatment is often hampered due to poor compliance with local care and persistence of alcohol abuse.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1999

Successful treatment of lupus with fludarabine.

We describe a 58-year old patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with severe joint involvement. Dilated myocardiopathy precluded the use of high corticoid doses and a 15 days of prednisone (15mg/d) had no effect on the polyarthritis. Therefore, fludarabine (25mg/m2) was administered for 5 d. One month after the first cycle, fever, muscle stiffness and polyarthritis resolved. A total of 6 cycles were administered. The evolution was complicated by herpes zoster infection and left pneumococcal pneumonia. At this time of writing (July 1999), the patient is symptom free but is profoundly lymphopenic.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1999

Devic's neuromyelitis optica during pregnancy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Neuropsychiatric forms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) vary, most commonly consisting of seizures, psychiatric disturbances, or focal central nervous deficits. This is a new case of neuromyelitis optica or Devic's syndrome during the course of SLE. Few reports of this association exist in the literature. Our objective is to report this unique case of Devic's neuromyelitis optica during pregnancy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. A 28-year-old woman had been diagnosed as having SLE with cutaneous and articular involvement in 1987 when she was 17 years old. She was treated with a synthetic antimalarial agent associated with corticosteroids. In 1994, during the fourth month of pregnancy, she had signs of transverse myelitis with a sensory level at T6 associated with an optic neuropathy suggesting a Devic's syndrome. The patient was managed by plasmapheresis sessions and intravenous corticosteroids. Transverse myelitis recurred postpartum and three years later at the same thoracic level. Management by bolus administration of a steroid and cyclophosphamide resulted in remission again. There have only been around a dozen reports in the literature of patients who had both Devic's neuromyelitis optica and SLE. Magnetic resonance imaging is contributive to diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up, showing spinal cord lesions with increased intensity on T2-weighted sequences. Although the clinical course of the present patient has been favourable so far, the prognosis of this neurologic disease is generally considered to be poor with elevated mortality.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗