Biomedical subjects

I Freiman

Publications and source records attributed to I Freiman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

Histiocytosis and a leukaemoid response. A case report.

A patient with all the clinical signs of Letterer-Siwe disease is reported. The patient was unusual in that he had a severe leukaemoid reaction. To our knowledge, only 2 similar patients with reticulo-endotheliosis, histiocytic skin infiltration and leukaemoid reaction have been reported. It is possible that the disorder may represent a variant of the histiocytic proliferative disorders, characterized by both histiocytic and myeloid hyperplasia, and is thus similar to myelomonocytic leukaemia. However, it differs from the latter condition in that there is proliferation of monocytes and granulocytes in soft tissues rather than in the blood.

Blood Cell Count↗

PubMed1978

Long-term effects of kwashiorkor on psychomotor development.

The long-term effects of kwashiorkor on psychomotor development were assessed by means of 3 tests. A group of 31 children aged from 6 to 12 years, who had been hospitalized for the treatment of kwashiorkor during infancy, was age-matched with 2 control groups, consisting of a group of siblings and a group of yardmates, none of whom had been exposed to acute infantile malnutrition. The test scores for the groups were not significantly different. The results are discussed in the light of suggestions that marasmus has a more damaging effect on human development than kwashiorkor.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1977

A microbiological study of gastro-enteritis in Black infants.

A survey was carried out to determine the aetiological agents responsible for acute gastro-enteritis in Black infants. Bacteriological examination of 191 patients and 178 age-matched controls showed that salmonellae and shigellae together accounted for only 15% of cases and were harboured by almost 7% of controls. Seropositive 'enteropathogenic' Escherichia coli was an important cause of diarrhoea, especially in the summer months. Enterotoxin-producing E. coli was not a significant cause of gastro-enteritis in this study. This study suggests that routine serotyping of E. coli from infantile gastro-enteritis should be continued until the relationship of serotype and enterotoxigenicity with enteropathogenicity has been established. Rotaviruses were detected by electron microscopy in 14,4% of children. The clinical features associated with the different infectious agents are described.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1977

Haemolytic anaemia associated with glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency in a Black South African child.

Haemolytic anaemia in a Black South African child was found to be associated with reduced glucosephosphate isomerase activity in the red cells. Apart from the haemolytic anaemia, there was no other clinical evidence of dysfunction. Family studies pointed to an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, with the symptomatic homozygous propositus having a marked enzyme deficiency and the asymptomatic heterozygotes showing intermediate levels of activity. Biochemical characterization showed that, apart from being thermolabile, the electrophoretic mobility and the kinetic properites of the variant enzyme were similar to those of the normal wild type.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗

PubMed1976

A comparative study of tuberculin tine and Mantoux tests.

The tuberculin tine (old tuberculin) and the Mantoux (stabilised purified protein derivative-PPD) tests were compared by using them in two simultaneous skin tests on patients with tuberculosis. The tine is sterile, disposable, and easy to administer and the agreement between the two tests was satisfactory. The tuberculin tine test is recommended as a useful screening test when tuberculosis is suspected.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Stimulated flow of pancreatic and biliary secretions after intestinal exposure to cholera toxin.

1. Duodeno-jejunal intestinal loops in rats were perfused with cholera toxin and the pancreatic and biliary secretory responses studied. 2. Intraluminal cholera toxin induced a significant flow of pancreatic and biliary fluid and sustained protein (enzyme) secretion in pancreatic juice, in addition to the expected stimulation of mucosal secretion. 3. Intravenously injected cholera toxin failed to elicit a secretory flow from the pancreas and biliary tract. 4. The time-course of the enhanced secretory flow from pancreas and biliary tract after intraluminal cholera toxin corresponds closely to the secretion of intestinal fluid. 5. The results of these studies provide evidence of sustained stimulation of pancreatic and biliary secretions after mucosal exposure to cholera toxin. These observations support the suggestion that secretion from the pancreas and liver may significantly contribute to the total intestinal secretion in cholera.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

The radiological presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in children.

The children in this study had evidence of severe pulmonary disease when they were first radiographed. More than one segment, lobe or even lung was frequently involved and more than one type of lesion was often present in a patient. The right lung was more often affected. Segmental consolidation was common. Cavitary disease was particularly evident in children less than 3 years of age and many had extrapulmonary dissemination. Pleural effusions, calcification, and the acinar opacities of bronchogenic spread, were common in older children.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1975

Tuberculosis notwithstanding BCG vaccination.

In a series of 176 patients, 40 children (23%) developed tuberculosis notwithstanding BCG vaccination. The type and severity of the disease in this group were similar to those of the larger series of which this group was a part. However, BCG vaccination appeared to diminish the incidence of dissemination, especially tuberculous meningitis, and the number of deaths. The 40% incidence of tuberculous contacts probably indicates heavy exposure to infection. BCG offers a modicum of protection which the vulnerable should not be denied, but its use should not lead to complacency--the potency of vaccines and the technique of vaccination require constant surveillance. Case finding remains a priority and even BCG-vaccinated patients should be treated for tuberculosis when this is suspected.

BCG Vaccine↗

PubMed1975

Tuberculosis in Black children. A retrospective analysis of severe cases.

A retrospective study of 176 Black children requiring hospital treatment for tuberculosis showed that infants and children under the age of 3 years are especially susceptible. Extensive and disseminated disease is usually present at the time of diagnosis, which was sometimes made difficult by a low tuberculin sensitivity caused by malnutrition, measles, or overwhelming infection. Almost a quarter of the patients had received BCG. Approximately half the patients had disseminated disease; of these, 40% had tuberculous meningitis and 12% died, whereas the mortality of those with localised disease was 3%.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1975

Protein energy malnutrition and its treatment. A review.

A classification of malnutrition which has gained international acceptance is presented. The physiological and pathological basis of the clinical changes, as well as the metabolic, biochemical and immunological consequences of protein energy malnutrition are discussed. Also presented are aspects of treatment of the hospitalised patient and recommendations for rehabilitation and prevention.

Anemia↗

PubMed1975