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Biomedical subjects

I Gáti

Publications and source records attributed to I Gáti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with motile and immotile frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa (the Hungarian experience).

The authors summarize their experience in 75 in vitro fertilization cycles, where frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa were used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. In 32 cases, motile spermatozoa could be observed in the frozen-thawed sample. In 34 cases, motility could be induced by pentoxifylline and in nine cases immotile spermatozoa, selected with hypoosmotic swelling test, were used for fertilization. The fertilization rates obtained with motile and immotile spermatozoa (66.1% versus 52.3%) were not significantly different. Our data demonstrate that freezing of testicular spermatozoa opened new possibilities for the treatment of azoospermic men. The clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (ET) (21.87%) was comparable with previous results use of fresh testicular spermatozoa (27.7%). The quality and number of transferred embryos had the most significant impact on the pregnancy rate. The fertilization rate and frequency distribution of good-quality embryos were lower in the case of immotile spermatozoa, and pregnancies were only achieved when motile spermatozoa had been used.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene interactions and the risk of ischaemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which produces NO, plays an important role in the endothelial function under a wide range of physiological conditions. eNOS exon 7 polymorphism (Glu298Asp, G894T) has been considered to influence the risk of coronary artery disease. Alone, however, it has not been shown to be a genetic risk factor for ischaemic stroke. With the assumption of additive interactions, we examined whether the eNOS G894T or eNOS 894TT genotypes in combination with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677TT (MTHFR 677TT) or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) D/D genotype could contribute to acute ischaemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data on 407 consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke who had never suffered a previous stroke event were analysed. As a control group, 295 stroke and neuroimaging alteration-free Caucasian subjects were examined. With the use of the PCR technique, the eNOS G894T, eNOS 894TT, MTHFR 677TT and ACE D/D mutations, as unfavourable common genotypes were determined in the participants. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the roles of the genotypes and their combinations in the development of ischaemic stroke. RESULTS: The MTHFR C677TT genotype combined with the eNOS G894T or eNOS 894TT genotypes occurred significantly more frequently in the subjects with ischaemic stroke (7.1%; P < 0.025) than in the control group (3.1%). The co-occurrence of the ACE D/D genotype and eNOS G894T or eNOS 894TT was calculated to be more frequent in the ischaemic stroke group (20.9%, P < 0.0001) than in the control group (5.4%). CONCLUSION: The eNOS G894T or eNOS 894TT genotypes in combination with the MTHFR 677TT or ACE D/D genotype increases the risk of ischaemic stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Five years experiences with microinjection of testicular spermatozoa into oocytes in Hungary.

The aim of the study was to summarize our five years experience (1996-2000) of testicular spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in Hungary. The influence of sperm count, maternal age, number of transferred embryos, and application of assisted hatching on outcome was investigated. Testicular spermatozoa were retrieved by microsurgical testicular sperm extraction. Samples were classified depending on the number of spermatozoa. Indication for testicular sperm extraction in conjunction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection was severe azoospermia or azoospermia combined with tubal origin infertility. Ovarian stimulation was carried out using an ultrashort protocol with GnRH agonist and gonadotrophin. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed without PVP. Embryos were cultured for 48 or 72 h before embryo transfer. Indications for assisted hatching included elevated maternal age, increased zona thickness or at least two previous unsuccessful IVF cycles. Testicular spermatozoa were successfully retrieved in 218 out of 273 cases. Extreme low sperm count was found more frequently in cases of nonobstructive azoospermia. No significant differences were observed in fertilization rate (61.1% vs. 51.7%) or clinical pregnancy rate (29.0% vs. 26.7%) between patients with obstructive or nonobstructive azoospermia. Maternal age, number of transferred embryos and application of assisted hatching had a significant effect on outcome. A total of 55 clinical pregnancies were achieved, including 14 sets of twins, three sets of triplets and two sets of quadruplets. It is concluded that testicular sperm extraction is an efficient way of obtaining testicular spermatozoa, allowing not only successful fertilization by ICSI, but also freezing of testicular spermatozoa for use in subsequent cycles.

Female↗
PubMed2001

[Kennedy disease in a patient with progressive speech disorder].

Kennedy disease is an adult onset neuromuscular disease characterized by slowly progressive proximal and bulbar muscle weakness. The disease associates with gynecomastia, adult onset infertility and sensory neuropathy, and caused by pathologic expansion of CAG repeats at the N-terminal region of the androgen-receptor gene at Xq11-q12. We report on a patient presenting with slowly progressive muscle weakness of the lower extremities, progressive dysartry and swallowing difficulties. The clinical symptoms were not fully specific for the disease. Moreover the family history was suggestive for an autosomal dominant trait meaning a diagnostic pitfall at the original examination. Finally the firm diagnosis of the Kennedy disease was established by a polimerase chain reaction based method.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Lead accumulation in human ovarian follicular fluid, and in vitro effect of lead on progesterone production by cultured human ovarian granulosa cells.

Lead content of ovarian follicular fluid obtained from 23 women was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In an in vitro experiment the direct effect of lead on the morphology and on progesterone (P) production by cultured granulosa cells of six women was investigated. Follicular fluid and granulosa cells were obtained from follicular aspirates of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET). Granulosa cells were cultured for 48 h to form monolayers in the presence or absence of lead acetate (100-1,600 microM). The effect of the metal proved to be concentration dependent. While 100-400 microM lead had no effect on the integrity of the monolayer, concentrations as high as 800 microM or higher inhibited cell adhesion and induced detachment of cells. The lead levels found in follicular fluid were 11.29 +/- 1.38 microg/L (0.056 +/- 0.007 microM). With lead in vitro at 1,600 microM (331.5 mg/L) there resulted a significant decrease in P production by granulosa cells. This concentration is very much higher than that measured in follicular fluid of IVF/ET patients, specifically nonexposed to lead, and even higher than mean blood levels reported by others in high exposure groups. In conclusion, lead seems not to exert a specific effect on the steroidogenesis by cultured human granulosa cells. Therefore, the lead levels measured in the ovarian follicular fluid seem not to pose a hazard with respect to progesterone secretion by the ovary.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Heat shock protein 60 in corpora amylacea.

Heat shock protein 60 representation in the corpora amylacea of the brain was investigated in five different neurological diseases. In the cases with cerebral infarct, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and primary tumors of the nervous system the corpora amylacea showed similar appearance with strong HSP-60 positivity in all investigated disorders at the predilection sites. In the inflammatory diseases, besides corpora amylacea, several cellular elements exhibited HSP-60 immunostaining too. In these cases, the widespread HSP-60 immunoreactivity associated with relative moderate corpora amylacea production as compared to other diseases. From this contradiction we concluded the corpora amylacea participate in the cellular stress reaction but stress protein synthesis certainly is not the primary event in corpora amylacea formation. In the development of the corpora amylacea the incipient process is most probably degenerative in nature, which later on is accompanied by stress protein synthesis and slow growing of these round structures designated for a protective role in the brain. However, the role of the stress protein synthesis in the corpora amylacea formation and growth was not unequivocally answered in this study. It is necessary to perform further comparative investigations of the stress protein representation and corpora amylacea formation in different diseases which may help in discovering useful pathogenetic data and the biological role of this degenerative structure.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed2001

Fluorescence in situ hybridization of chorionic interphase cells for prenatal screening of Down syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the usefulness and reliability of fluorescence in situ hybridization on interphase chorionic villi cells in the prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome. METHODS: A total of 336 samples of chorionic villi were analysed by direct chromosome preparation and FISH with a DNA probe specific to chromosome 21. The samples were obtained as part of the routine obstetric investigation and management. RESULTS: The sampling and direct karyotyping was successful in all cases. At least 50 cells were valuable by FISH in 331 of 336 samples. Both methods showed Down syndrome in 12 cases. The follow-up investigations showed that there was no false-negative or false-positive result following these procedures. CONCLUSION: Based on these results and the fact that it is possible to analyse by interphase FISH at least ten times more cells than by conventional cytogenetic methods, and these cells originate from different tissues of chorionic villi, it is concluded that FISH increases the reliability of the diagnosis. Nevertheless, more data are needed for correct statistical analysis. Since this method is cheaper and gives diagnosis earlier than cell culture, the combination of direct chromosome preparation and FISH on chorionic villi is offered for prenatal Down syndrome screening.

Chorionic Villi↗
PubMed1999

In vitro comparative effect of Cd2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ on mouse postblastocyst development.

Postblastocyst development of mouse preembryos was studied in vitro in order to determine direct effect of Cd2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions on embryogenesis during the peri-implantation stage. Uterine horns were flushed on Day 4 of pregnancy and expanded blastocysts were cultured for 4 days in the presence of micromolar Cd2+ (1.1-26.4), Ni2+ (0. 1-500) or Co2+ (1-200). Area of trophoblast outgrowth was measured and used as a quantitative toxicological endpoint. Hatching, attachment, outgrowth, and formation of inner cells mass were also registered. Significant adverse effect on the development stages were observed at 2.2 microM (Cd2+), at 10 microM (Ni2+), and at 100 microM (Co2+). Cd2+ and Co2+ decreased the area of trophoblast markedly at concentrations of 1.1 and 10 microM, respectively. Ni2+ exposure resulted in a slight increase at 10 microM followed by a marked reduction in the trophoblast area at 250 microM. Reduced proliferative ability of trophoblast cells may point to compromised invasiveness of the embryo. The lowest Cd2+ concentration (1.1 microM=0.25 microg/ml) significantly deteriorating trophoblast development was found to be lower than Cd levels ranging up to 0.512 microg/g, reported in clinical ovarian samples of occupationally nonexposed women. The morphological alteration and loss of cellular contacts in blastocysts induced by exposure to Cd2+, Ni2+, or Co2+ may adversely influence adhesion and recognition events and may disturb aggregation of mononuclear trophoblastic cells to multinucleated cells in the course of peri-implantation in vivo as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Familial scapuloperoneal myopathy and mitochondrial DNA defect.

The authors present 13 members of 4 generations in a family with scapuloperoneal myopathy. The disease showed autosomal dominant inheritance. In all 6 patients examined, the disease began in the third decade (18-31 years). Initially the shoulder girdle was involved, and the process slowly spread to the distal part of the lower extremities in several years or decades. The facial and pelvic muscles were only moderately involved; ocular muscle involvement was absent. Myopathy was proved by electromyography and muscle biopsy. In 1 case, electrophysiological evidence of peripheral neuropathy was found, and in 3 other patients central nervous system involvement (dementia, epilepsy) and optic atrophy complicated the syndrome. In the youngest patient, a mutation could be found in the 'hot-spot region' of the muscle mitochondrial DNA by polymerase chain reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Corpus amylaceum (polyglucosan body) in the peripheral olfactory system.

Peripheral part of the olfactory system (bulb and tract) was investigated for the occurrence of corpus amylaceum (CA) (polyglucosan body) in 296 (281 pathological and 15 control cases) autopsied human brains. No significant differences were found in the incidence between the various age groups above 40 years or between different disease groups and the controls. The predominance of CA in the olfactory tract and its loose correlation with age at this localization over 40 years of age could be resulted by various factors, including the extremely rich astrocytic and capillary network in the intermediate zone, and the proximity of the olfactory tract to the external environment, which may result in the protective role of CA. The role of stress was proved by the HSP-60 positivity of CA.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Infrared imaging of human brain sections. A new biomedical application of the thermocamera.

Human brains, removed at routine autopsy, were subjected to neuropathological investigation. The usual gross morphological investigation of the brains was extended to include the detection of their infrared emissions. Fundamental structures, such as the grey and the white matter, were separated on the infrared images. Furthermore, pathological processes, such as ischaemic damage, haemorrhage, and sclerotic plaques, hardly seen on the normal photographs, gave a strong signal on the infrared pictures. These pilot experiments demonstrated that infrared detection is a reproducible method in this type of biomedical application, and potentially a very useful tool in macroscopic pathology.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1996

Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions and persistent hyperthermia in a patient with Brachmann-de Lange phenotype.

In a newborn boy with characteristics of Brachmann-de Lange syndrome (BDLS) high temperatures were observed on the second day after birth and recurred 2-6 times daily during the 7 months of the patient's life. After transient hypertonia hypotonia developed. In muscle biopsy specimen taken on the 51st day of life, serious and progressive distortion of mitochondria was observed. In several mitochondria the cristae structure was broken, other mitochondria were shrunken and the damage progressed towards further deterioration in other organelles. At several points between the myofibrils amorphous material was seen possible debris of destroyed mitochondria. Most myofibrils seemed to be intact; however, in some areas myolytic signs were present. Analysis of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) showed multiple deletions in skeletal and heart muscles, liver, lung and kidney. Since the mtDNA encodes several proteins of the respiratory complexes, the deleted mtDNA certainly affected the integrity of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation process by synthesis of abnormal proteins. In the present case the hyperthermia may have been a result of the mtDNA damage.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of gamma-interferon mRNA in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell line by means of polymerase chain reaction].

To investigate the pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma the authors employed a newly developed gene amplification method by reverse polymerase chain reaction for the detection of gamma-interferon messenger RNA in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell line. Polymerase chain reaction products were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Using 1 Kb DNA ladder as a marker, 84 base-pair fragment was selectively amplified correlating with published gamma-interferon gene fragment length. Because cDNA contains a virtually complete copy of the mRNA this method provides an evidence for the expression of gamma-interferon gene in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell line. Based on these results a potential autocrine mechanism may be present in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell line.

Choriocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Effect of superovulation combination therapy containing Clostilbegyt (clomiphene citrate) on follicular development and the endometrium.

The effect of Clostilbegyt + Humegon + Pregnyl ovulation inductive combination therapy was examined in the woman members of 20 sterile couples appearing at the Outpatient Department of Cryospermatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Postgraduate Medical School. In 18 of the 20 cases follicle maturation and ovulation could be induced. In the male members of the couples therapy-resistant sterility existed at the same. By using artificial insemination by donors with cryopreserved sperms, gravidity could be obtained in 14 cases. The importance of the optimal timing of AID has been emphasized. In the course of transvaginal ultrasonography folliculometry was completed with the control of the pre-ovulatory changes of the endometrium. The appearance of the pre-ovulatory ring preceded the occurrence of pregnancy in all cases, being a sign of predictive value considering conception.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1992

Contraction monitoring with a manager calculator.

A simple manager calculator was used as a contraction monitor, and external parallel registrations were performed on 10 pregnant women in labor with the Psion and other kinds of tocodynamometers. A 94% correlation was found between the simultaneously registered data.

Cardiotocography↗