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Biomedical subjects

I Gustafson

Publications and source records attributed to I Gustafson.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Influence of peritoneal lavage on objective prognostic signs in acute pancreatitis.

In 39 patients with severe attacks of acute pancreatitis, a longitudinal study was done with respect to the influence of peritoneal lavage on objective prognostic signs (WBC, blood-glucose, serum-calcium, hematocrit, serum-creatinine, arterial pO2, base deficit); amylase activities in peritoneal fluid, serum, and urine; serum-hemoglobin, serum-Na, serum-K, and plasma-insulin. In addition to standard care in the ICU, half of the patients (N = 19) were randomly treated with peritoneal lavage. Peritoneal lavage did not influence overall mortality (13%), incidence of major complications (36%), or hospital stay (23 +/- 7 days). None of the prognostic signs was significantly influenced by lavage. Amylase concentration in peritoneal fluid was significantly reduced in the lavaged group after 6 hours compared to 24 hours in controls. Serum and urinary amylase decreased 12 hours earlier in the lavaged group, indicating an efficiency of the lavage procedure per se. Still, this study did not reveal any beneficial clinical effects of peritoneal lavage in acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Acute treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices. A retrospective study of 88 patients.

The records of 88 patients bleeding 140 times from oesophageal varices were retrospectively evaluated. The treatment consisted mainly of intravenous vasopressin and balloon tamponade. Percutaneous transhepatic and transoesophageal sclerotherapy were used as additional treatments. Acute operation was avoided as long as possible. With this conservative attitude the hospital mortality was 24%. A high mortality was correlated with low serum albumin, initial unconsciousness, high blood transfusion demand, and alcoholism. The first bleeding episode of the patient had a higher mortality than the following ones. Our experience with a conservative attitude in stopping bleeding from oesophageal varices has made it possible to construct an outline for treatment which can be followed in most of these patients.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1977

Abdominal aortic aneurysms: should they all be resected?

A retrospective study has been carried out on 124 consecutive patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms admitted during the period 1960-74. The mortality rate after emergency operation was 56 per cent and after elective operation 15 per cent. As in other vascular centres during these years the mortality rate has decreased among electively operated patients. We have tried to answer two questions: which patients without signs of rupture should undergo operation and which patients with a ruptured aneurysm should not be operated upon?

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1977

EEG in presenile dementia related to cerebral blood flow and autopsy findings.

EEG, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and neuropathological autopsy data were studied in 17 patients with presenile dementia. RCBF was measured in 14 cases using the intra-arterial-133-Xenon clearance technique. The neuropathological study included semi-serial whole brain microscopical sections in which the severity and regional distribution of the neuronal degeneration was studied, particularly in the cortex and the brain stem. There were two main diagnostic groups, seven cases of Alzheimer's disease and five cases with a cortical atrophy of the Pick (DFT) type. Both groups showed fronto-temporal cortical degeneration. In addition the Alzheimer group showed severe postcentral and posterior-temporal loss of neurons. There were also three cases with degenerative changes, suggesting Jacob-Creutzfeldt's disease. The Alzheimer cases had EEG abnormalities which progressed slowly. In contrast, the Pick (DFT) patients had normal EEGs which remained so even late in the course when the signs of dementia were marked. A positive correlation between rCBF reduction in postcentral areas (as evidence of neuronal loss in these regions) and an increase of EEG abnormality could be established. Degenerative changes confined to frontal and anterior-temporal cortical regions with concomitant flow reduction, on the other hand, appeared to leave the alpha rhythm essentially undisturbed. Finally, the relationship between bifrontal delta-episodes in EEG and neuropathological evidence of brain stem lesions was confirmed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The relaxing effect of terbutaline on the human uterus during term labor.

The uterine and cardiovascular responses to the adrenergic beta2-receptor stimulator terbutaline (TRB) were investigated in 14 patients in normal term labor. TRB, administered intravenously at a rate of 10 to 20 mug per minute, effectively inhibited uterine activity in advanced labor and also expulsion. Intravenous injection of TRB, 250 mug, diminished oxytocin-induced uterine hyperactivity. No serious side effects of the drug were observed; the circulatory effects were minimal, except for a tolerable maternal tachycardia. The mode of action and clinical application of TRB for inhibition of unwanted uterine activity are discussed.

Abortion, Threatened↗