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Biomedical subjects

I H Burnley

Publications and source records attributed to I H Burnley.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Socio-demographic and spatial aspects of male mortality from HIV-AIDS related diseases in New South Wales, Australia, 1990-1994.

During 1990-1994, a very high proportion of males aged under 40 who died from HIV-AIDs related diseases in New South Wales were never married. However, a significant minority of men aged 40-64 who died had been married at some stage in their lives and in the cities of Newcastle, Wollongong and in higher income areas of Sydney this proportion approached 40%. AIDS related mortality was over-represented in professional, managerial, paraprofessional and service occupations even though educational levels were higher in these groups and, thus, presumably knowledge about risk behaviour and preventative behaviour. AIDS related mortality was also elevated among men with no stated occupation. Thus, with males, AIDS was in part a disease of affluence, even though the highest proportions of those dying resided in lower income areas, where marginalised persons may also be at risk. The proportion of deaths to men over age 40 was markedly higher than that in Australia in the 1980s. Elevated mortality with the New Zealand and the Americas birthplace groups may reflect overseas travel and exposure to risk in overseas countries, of persons domiciled in Australia. There was a very strong spatial pattern of AIDS-related mortality in the inner and eastern suburbs in Sydney and there is limited evidence of persons having migrated back to places of origin to be cared for by families. The impact on total mortality under age 65 in these localised areas was considerable. Prevention strategies should include the sensitive targeting of bisexual men, men generally having sex with men and those who are both gay and members of the drug sub-culture.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Transitions and inequalities in acute myocardial infarction mortality in New South Wales, 1969-94.

OBJECTIVE: To chart the transition in myocardial infarction mortality in NSW between 1969 and 1994 and to determine whether spatial, marital and occupational status differentials increased over time, despite overall mortality decline. METHOD: The study was undertaken in NSW for the 25-year period from 1969 when mortality from ischaemic heart disease declined. The demographic and spatial analysis involved descriptive epidemiology and utilised the unit list mortality files of the Australian Bureau of Statistics which are based on detailed death certificate information. RESULTS: Spatial, marital and occupational status differentials in myocardial infarction mortality increased over time, more especially variations by occupational status, inland/metropolitan differences, and married/divorced or widowed variation. Spatial variations in mortality were not simply the result of occupational status differences as mortality from white collar groups was also elevated in inland areas. Spatial variation in mortality was not diluted due to the impact of immigration. CONCLUSIONS: Particular subgroups of people remained at risk and it is likely that differential access to ambulance services and travel time contribute, more particularly in inland rural areas. IMPLICATIONS: Groups at risk need to be more precisely targeted for preventative measures and public health initiatives, with particular implications for groups in inland rural areas, the Hunter Region, and outer lower income areas of Sydney.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Inequalities in the transition of ischaemic heart disease mortality in New South Wales, Australia, 1969-1994.

This paper examines changes in ischaemic heart disease mortality in New South Wales between 1969 and 1994, with particular reference to the 1969-1973, 1979-1983, 1985-1989 and 1990-1994 periods. Using death certificate data and unit list mortality files, and considering occupational differentials among males, and marital status and regional and intra-metropolitan variations among males and females, the question whether changes in differentials in mortality from heart disease occurred during this mortality transition is asked. Mortality from ischaemic heart disease declined in all marital status and occupational status groups, and in all geographical areas, but it declined more slowly among never married and divorced males, among manual workers, and in lower income areas. Whereas ischaemic heart disease mortality was lower in most rural areas than in metropolitan Sydney at the beginning of the period, in the 1990s it was significantly more elevated in inland small towns and rural areas than in the metropolis. Differentials increased over time, more especially with males.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Disadvantage and male cancer incidence and mortality in New South Wales 1985-1993.

Male premature mortality variations from cancers by socioeconomic status and marital status were analysed for the period 1986-1989 and 1990-1993 for New South Wales. Cancer incidence and mortality were also surveyed by statistical local areas within metropolitan Sydney between 1985-1991 and correlation and regression analyses were undertaken with socioeconomic indicators and the modified Jarman 8 disadvantage indicator. Martial status variations were found with most major cancers, with not currently married men being more at risk. Cancers of the oesophagus, oral cavity, pancreas, bladder, kidney, liver and trachea, bronchus and lung were more associated with manual occupations and the disadvantage indicator, while cancer of the colon and melanoma were more associated spatially and occupationally with higher socioeconomic status. An unexpected finding with mortality was an occupational status bipolarity with several cancers, notably with managerial and manual workers. There are implications for the more precise targeting of populations at risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Associations between overseas, intra-urban and internal migration dynamics in Sydney, 1976-91.

"This paper investigates spatial statistical associations between overseas in-migration rates and internal migration loss within Sydney and between housing costs in Sydney and internal migration outflows. The hypothesis was that housing cost changes and overseas migration contributed additively to migration losses from the metropolis. The integration of metropolitan Sydney and Australia into the ¿Pacific rim' economy is examined with reference to wider explanations of house cost changes and migration flows."

Australia↗
PubMed1995

Socioeconomic and spatial differentials in mortality and means of committing suicide in New South Wales, Australia, 1985-91.

Analysis of suicide mortality in New South Wales, Australia is undertaken with reference to marital status and occupational status between 1986-89/90 and with reference to the principal means of committing suicide. Not currently married male manual workers were particularly at risk although marital status variations were significant with both genders and at different ages. Between 1985-91 male suicide mortality rates were significantly higher in inland non-metropolitan regions, especially among younger men, and were higher in inner areas of metropolitan Sydney. While there were no significant variations by marital status in the means of committing suicide there were variations between genders, and there were regional and social class variations in the use of guns with males. The use of guns was a factor in the elevated suicide mortality levels among inland rural youth and men, and among farmers and transport workers while the use of poisons was also significant with these occupational groups. The use of poisons was greater among persons committing suicide in the areas of elevated mortality in inner Sydney and the use of guns much lower.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Differential and spatial aspects of suicide mortality in New South Wales and Sydney, 1980 to 1991.

Occupational and marital status dimensions of suicide mortality in New South Wales were examined for the periods 1980 to 1985 and 1986 to 1989-90 respectively, and marital status and birthplace group mortality profiles were examined in relation to grouped occupations, with a view to identifying the relative influence of these differentiating factors on suicide mortality. Spatial analysis was undertaken for different ages, in major regions of New South Wales and statistical local areas in Sydney for the period 1985 to 1991, and associations with socioeconomic characteristics of geographic areas were investigated. Despite residential revitalisation in inner city areas, higher mortality in several inner city localities has persisted over time while levels have risen in some outer areas. Never-married and divorced men in manual work were most at risk of committing suicide and never-married and divorced women had elevated suicide levels. Male suicide levels were elevated among farmers and related workers, and youth and adult male suicide levels were elevated in inland regions of the state. Possible explanations for the variations are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Socio-demographic structure of Sydney's perimetropolitan region.

"The paper conceptualizes processes driving change in perimetropolitan regions then, using Sydney [Australia] as a case study, analyses population growth rates and internal migration patterns between 1981 and 1991. Next, a set of social and demographic variables derived from the 1986 Census is analysed to derive four key dimensions of socio-spatial structure, namely: disadvantage, rurality, socio-economic status and retirement."

Australia↗
PubMed1992

Mortality from selected cancers in NSW and Sydney, Australia.

This study utilizes unit list mortality data for New South Wales, Australia in differential mortality analysis, at state and local levels, and examines geographic patterns of stomach, colo-rectum, respiratory system, female breast cancer and total cancer mortality in Sydney. Associations between manual occupations, low socioeconomic status and male stomach and respiratory cancer mortality were found, as were higher mortality from stomach and respiratory cancer among European-born immigrants in manual occupations. However, unexpected associations were also found between high mortality from stomach and respiratory cancers and managerial occupations. There were also more acute associations between colo-rectum and female breast cancer and higher status areas. Further, mortality variations between specific occupational groups occurred when martial status was controlled for, and the strongest variations were between married and never married males where the social isolation risk factors were presumed to be operative. The highest mortality at the local level in Sydney occurred where more than one at risk population resided and where other influences may have been operative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Mortality from respiratory system cancer in New South Wales and Sydney.

Differential and spatial analyses of respiratory system cancer were undertaken for New South Wales and Sydney for the period 1980-1986. The source of data was death certificate information on the unit list mortality file tapes provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Characteristics of persons dying included age, sex, birthplace, occupational status and cause of death (ICD9 classification). The aim was to identify populations at risk from respiratory system cancer, and where they were located. Deaths were disaggregated for the abovementioned categories by cross-tabulation at the state level and for geographical areas having populations with higher levels of respiratory cancer mortality. Never-married males of lower occupational status had higher rates of respiratory cancer, mainly lung cancer. Divorced men also had higher mortality as did widowers who were in lower occupational status work, while married men in managerial work also had significantly high mortality. The marital status variation was mostly not found with females, although significantly high female mortality was found in several low socioeconomic status areas of Sydney. Mortality of both sexes was significantly higher in metropolitan Sydney than in the rest of New South Wales and associations between older age mortality and some industrial areas were found in Sydney.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Stomach cancer mortality in New South Wales and Sydney, 1980 to 1985.

Unit list mortality data for the period 1980-1985 are used to examine differential mortality from stomach cancer in New South Wales, with reference to age, marital status, occupational status and birthplace, and geographical variations in mortality in metropolitan Sydney. Ecological correlation and analysis of characteristics of persons dying in areas of high mortality in Sydney are undertaken to determine where populations at risk reside and whether different populations at risk inhabit particular areas, resulting in significantly higher mortality. This was found to be the case in certain areas and it appears that the immigrant population contributed considerably to mortality variation. The implications for health service provision and preventive measures are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Forecasting metropolitan and urban subregional population changes and their resource use implications: methodology and example--Sydney, Australia.

This paper is concerned with the methodology of forecasting population change and structures of large cities and their major subregions. "The model isolates quantifiable base populations and their growth, and international, inter-state and city-hinterland migration streams and the national increase attributable to each, and intra-urban mobility, as components of growth and change." The model is applied to data for Sydney, Australia, and its applicability to other urban systems is considered.

Australia↗
PubMed1982

Lebanese migration and settlement in Sydney, Australia.

"This article outlines the evolution of Lebanese settlement in Sydney, taking an ecological perspective and reports on a social survey of two Lebanese ethnic concentrations, undertaken in 1977-78 with the assistance of the Ford-Rockefeller Foundation of New York, with 256 Lebanese persons interviewed by bilingual interviewers."

Asia↗