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Biomedical subjects

I H Carlson

Publications and source records attributed to I H Carlson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Diagnosis-specific serum 17 beta-estradiol (E2) upper limits for treatment with menotropins using a 125I direct E2 assay.

Statistical evaluation of 133 cycles of induction of ovulation using generalized linear models demonstrated that the occurrence and severity of ovarian hyperstimulation was influenced by the serum 17 beta-estradiol (E2) concentration (P less than 0.001), conception (P less than 0.001), and the endocrinologic diagnosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) or hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) (P less than 0.01). When menotropins were administered between 5:00 P.M. and 8:00 P.M. and blood was drawn at 8:00 A.M., an upper limit for serum E2 in patients with HA of 2417 pg/ml or an upper limit for patients with PCO of 3778 pg/ml gave an approximate 5% risk of severe ovarian hyperstimulation in conception cycles and a 1.3% risk of severe hyperstimulation in nonconception cycles. Comparison of our E2 radioimmunoassay involving extraction and chromatography to the Pantex immunodirect Estradiol 125I kit (Pantex, Santa Monica, CA) demonstrated no detectable systematic error, allowing the use of these limits with either assay. The ovulating injection of human chorionic gonadotropin was given at 5:00 P.M. to 8:00 P.M. on the evening of blood drawing as soon as the first follicle reached an average diameter of 14 mm or greater. The ultrasound parameters allow the chance of pregnancy to be optimized and the chance of multiple gestation to be minimized. Serum E2 monitoring indicates when the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation is too great for human chorionic gonadotropin to be given.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1984

Plasma immunoreactive beta-endorphin response to glucose ingestion in human obesity.

Following the oral administration of 100 g of glucose, morbidly-obese subjects and non-obese controls demonstrated increased levels of plasma immunoreactive beta-endorphin. There was a slow rise in plasma immunoreactive beta-endorphin in the non-obese controls throughout the 3-h observation period. The obese subjects demonstrated a delayed and significantly greater rise of plasma immunoreactive beta-endorphin, when compared to the controls. These findings may have implications for further research in human obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Plasma estradiol is superior to ultrasound and urinary estriol glucuronide as a predictor of ovarian hyperstimulation during induction of ovulation with menotropins.

In order to compare the effectiveness of 8:00 A.M. plasma 17 beta-estradiol (E2), 24-hour urinary estriol glucuronide (E3G), and ultrasound as predictors of ovarian hyperstimulation, 70 cycles of induction of ovulation with 5:00 P.M. to 8:00 P.M. injection of menotropins from 28 subjects were evaluated. Hyperstimulation was four times more frequent in pregnancy than in nonpregnancy cycles (P less than 0.005). The hyperstimulation score (range, 0 to 6) was correlated with plasma E2 (0.63, P less than 0.01), the number of follicles (0.31, P less than 0.05), the duration of treatment (0.31, P less than 0.05), and urinary E3G (0.25, P less than 0.05). Plasma E2 was the best predictor of the hyperstimulation score, and plasma E2 was far superior to both urinary E3G and the number of follicles. Management with ultrasound alone is insufficient to prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation. With this protocol, human chorionic gonadotropin may be given as soon as the first follicle reaches 1.4 cm in diameter as long as plasma E2 is less than 4000 pg/ml. The values of plasma E2 are dependent on the interval between blood sampling and injection of menotropins.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1982

Danazol and its principal metabolites interfere with binding of testosterone, cortisol, and thyroxin by plasma proteins.

Danazol and its three principal metabolites (2-hydroxy-methylethisterone, 2-hydroxymethyl-1,2-dehydroethisterone, and ethisterone) competitively displace cortisol and testosterone from plasma proteins. This effect is in addition to the reported inhibition of the production of testosterone-binding globulin and thyroxin-binding globulin. We saw no competitive inhibition of thyroxin binding. Concentrations of total testosterone, total cortisol, and total thyroxin were low, whereas percentages of free testosterone, free cortisol, and free thyroxin were abnormally high in women being treated with danazol. Values for testosterone, cortisol, and thyroxin in danazol-treated patients should therefore be appropriately corrected before interpretation. Protein-binding assays for testosterone or cortisol that involve testosterone- or cortisol-binding globulin may be invalid in danazol-treated subjects because of the competitive binding of danazol and its metabolites to these proteins.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Catecholamine metabolites in spinal cord injury.

Previous reports of catecholamine metabolism in spinal cord injury (SCI) have found elevated levels of urinary norepinephrine metabolites. These data have been cited as evidence of a sustained increase in peripheral norepinephrine activity in this population. A study was designed to test this hypothesis and to control for the effect of affective disorders on catecholamine metabolism. Determinations were made of the level of urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylglycol (MHPG) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) in 30 patients with SCI. Urinary MHPG and VMA were not significantly higher than normal in the total sample. However, in spastic quadriplegia, urinary MHPG was lower than normal, and a calculated VMA:MHPG ratio was higher than normal in complete quadriplegia and spastic quadriplegia. This high ratio was due primarily to decreased MHPG. The authors suggest that these changes are due to decreased norepinephrine turnover in the damaged SC and that a VMA:MHPG ratio is the most useful measure of norepinephrine activity in SCI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Testosterone free index correlates best with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.

Correlation coefficients for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were determined in women on menotropin. DHEAS was significantly correlated with testosterone free index (TFI), 0.78**; percentage free testosterone (%FT), 0.66**; androstenedione (delta 4A), 0.66*; luteinizing hormone (LH), 0.55**; LH/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, 0.55**; 17-OH-progesterone (17-P), 0.55**; testosterone (T), 0.53**; weight (WT), 0.40**, urinary estriol glucuronide (E3G), 0.33*; and free cortisol index (FFI), 0.32*, with 43 df but not with prolactin (PRL), 0.25. Normal male DHEAS (3.5 +/- 1.2, 25) (microgram/ml; mean +/- standard deviation, n) was higher than normal female DHEAS (2.4 +/- 1.1, 27), P less than 0.01 and DHEAS in women on oral contraceptives (1.9 +/- 1.1, 17) was slightly lower than in normal females, P greater than 0.2. In the combined population (male, female, and females on oral contraceptives) DHEAS was correlated with TFI (0.56**), T (0.54**), %FT (0.52**), delta 4A (0.40**), and age (-0.40**) with 66 df and 17-P (0.30*) with 54 df. TFI appears to be one determinant of plasma DHEAS, **P less than 0.01. *P less than 0.05.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1980

Virilism as a late manifestation in the Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

The second case of virilism as a late manifestation of Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is described, with endocrine and histological evaluation. Both cases manifested ovulatory cycles and developed virilism in adulthood. Elevated plasma testosterone and 17-OH-progesterone were not suppressed by dexamethasone but were suppressed by medroxyprogesterone acetate. Peripheral and ovarian venous blood obtained at the time of surgery demonstrated a marked gradient for testosterone in both ovaries and for progesterone in the ovary bearing the corpus luteum. Histological evaluation of the ovaries demonstrated bilateral ovarian stromal hyperplasia with focal hyperthecosis. Bilateral ovariectomy resulted in complete correction of the endocrine abnormality, although the established hirsutism remains a mark of previous androgen excess.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Increased serum folate-binding capacity: a familial trait.

This report describes increased folate-binding capacity (FABC) in the serum of 7 of 10 family members. Genetically controlled elevation of FABC in normal subjects needs to be distinguished from the acquired increase in bindings capacity which has been described in a number of disorders.

Female↗