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Biomedical subjects

I H Gotlib

Publications and source records attributed to I H Gotlib.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Construct accessibility and depression: an examination of cognitive and affective factors.

Two studies in which the parameters of construct accessibility in depression were examined are reported. In Experiment 1, depressed and nondepressed subjects were required to name the colors of tachistiscopically presented depressed-content, neutral-content, and manic-content words. Because of the predicted accessibility and interference effects of the depressed-content words, the depressed subjects were expected to demonstrate longer response latencies to these words than to the non-depressed-content words. This response pattern was found for the depressed subjects; the nondepressed subjects did not demonstrate differential response latencies. In Experiment 2, a mood-induction paradigm was used to investigate whether the interference effects obtained in Experiment 1 were due to temporary mood differences between the depressed and nondepressed subjects, or were a function of more stable depression-associated patterns of information processing. Although predicted group differences were obtained on a mood adjective checklist, no effects were found for task performance. These results suggest that transient mood is not a sufficient explanation for the results obtained in Experiment 1. The implications of the present findings for the understanding of both construct accessibility and depression are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested.

Cognition↗
PubMed1983

Depression, psychopathology, and self-serving attributions.

Depressed and non-depressed psychiatric in-patients and non-depressed non-psychiatric controls classified their performance on a verbal recognition task as either a success or a failure, and made attributions about the causes of their perceived success or failure. In all three groups, subjects who classified their performance as a success attributed their outcome more to internal and less to external factors than did subjects who classified their performance as a failure. These results suggest that depression and attributional style may not necessarily be related. Discussion centres on the idea that individuals' expectations of success can affect their subsequent attributions.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preliminary evidence that daily changes in frontal alpha asymmetry correlate with changes in affect in therapy sessions.

Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry was recorded from five depressed outpatients during early EEG biofeedback sessions. Mood was assessed prior to and after each session, and affect change scores were also derived by subtracting pre-session from post-session scores. Alpha magnitude was obtained via Fast Fourier Transforms. All scores (EEG alpha asymmetry and affect) were converted to deviation scores by subtracting each patient's daily score from that patient's mean across all available sessions for that patient. Pearson correlations were then computed between asymmetry and affect scores using the deviation scores combined over patients. There was little evidence of correlation between day-to-day asymmetry score and any single affect score. Strong correlations were obtained, however, between asymmetry score and affect change score and, in particular, between asymmetry score and change in positive affect.

Adult↗