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Biomedical subjects

I H Omsjø

Publications and source records attributed to I H Omsjø.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Plasma oestrogen fractions in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy: influence of route of administration and cigarette smoking.

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the administration route and cigarette smoking on plasma oestrogen levels during oral and parenteral oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT). Fourteen healthy postmenopausal women (six smokers and eight non-smokers) were recruited for a prospective, randomised, crossover study at a private outpatient medical centre in Oslo, Norway. All patients were randomised to receive cyclic therapy with oestradiol and norethisterone orally or by the transdermal route each for a 6-month period. Plasma levels of oestrone (Oe(1)), oestradiol (Oe(2)) and oestrone sulphate (Oe(1)S) were determined using highly sensitive RIA methods before and during hormone replacement therapy given by the oral and transdermal route. Comparing smokers and non-smokers, plasma levels of Oe(1), Oe(2) and Oe(1)S were all found to be 40-70% lower in smokers compared with non-smokers when ERT was given orally (Oe(1)S, P<0.05; Oe(1) and Oe(2), P<0.01 for both). Oe(2) given orally caused a higher Oe(1)S/Oe(2) ratio but also a higher Oe(1)/Oe(2) ratio compared with parenteral therapy in smokers (40.2 versus 7(.)0, P<0.01; and 3.2 versus 0.8, P<0.05 respectively). No significant differences in these parameters in the different test-situations were seen in non-smokers. Except for a lower level of Oe(1)S in smokers (non-significant), no difference in plasma oestrogen levels between smokers and non-smokers was observed during parenteral therapy. In conclusion, cigarette smoking has been shown to have major impact on plasma oestrogen levels during oral but not during parenteral Oe(2) replacement.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1996

Effects of oral and transdermal oestrogen replacement therapy on plasma levels of insulin-like growth factors and IGF binding proteins 1 and 3: a cross-over study.

OBJECTIVE: Conflicting results have been reported on the effects of oral and transdermal oestrogen replacement therapy on IGF-I, while little information exists regarding the effects on IGFBP -1 and -3. In this study we evaluated the effects of oral and transdermal oestrogens on these parameters in post-menopausal women in a randomized cross-over study. PATIENTS: A group of 14 post-menopausal women were randomized to receive progestin-opposed oestrogen replacement therapy administered orally (Trisekvens Novo: 17 beta-oestradiol 2 mg daily on days 1-22 and 1 mg daily on days 23-28, norethisterone 1 mg days 13-22) or transdermally (Estracomb CIBA: oestradiol 50 micrograms/24 h on days 1-28, norethisterone 250 micrograms/24 h on days 15-28) for 6 months after which they were crossed over to the alternative treatment option. Fasting blood samples were obtained before treatment, and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months on treatment. MEASUREMENTS: IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3, oestradiol and norethisterone were analysed by radioimmuno-assays. In addition, IGFBPs were evaluated with Western ligand blots (WLB) in a subgroup of 12 patients. RESULTS: Plasma levels of oestradiol were not significantly different during oral and transdermal treatment. Norethisterone levels were below the detection limit in all situations in 8 patients, while 6 patients had detectable levels in one or several samples during treatment. Oral treatment caused a significant decrease (16%, P < 0.005) in IGF-I and a non-significant decrease in IGFBP-3. A similar effect was observed when samples containing detectable levels of norethisterone were excluded from the analysis. No significant effect on IGFBP-1 was observed when all samples were included in the analysis. However, when samples with detectable norethisterone were excluded IGFBP-1 increased by 46% (P < 0.01) during oral therapy. Contrary, transdermal treatment with oestrogens did not influence any of the parameters measured. None of the treatments had any effect on plasma IGF-II levels or IGFBP profile evaluated by WLB. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with oral hormone replacement therapy significantly suppresses plasma IGF-1 levels and increases plasma IGFBP-1 while transdermal treatment had no influence. This may be due to the route of administration, as plasma oestradiol levels showed little difference between the groups. The effect of oral oestrogens on IGFBP-1 seems to be attenuated by progestins.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

A 3-month double-blind cross-over study of the effect of benazepril and hydrochlorothiazide on functional class in symptomatic mild heart failure.

The non-sulfhydryl selective angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril (20 mg daily) was compared with hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg daily) in post-infarction (6-24 months) patients with symptomatic (NYHA functional class 2) mild heart failure. No concomitant drug therapy was given. The study had a double-blind cross-over design with 3-month treatment periods. Both drugs were well tolerated, and both caused a similar reduction in systolic blood pressure. Heart rate was higher with the diuretic. Benazepril improved the NYHA functional class in 17 out of 29 (59%) patients, whereas one patient improved with hydrochlorothiazide (P = 0.0004). With regard to global efficacy score, benazepril was also superior. Thus, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may be superior to diuretics as first-choice therapy in symptomatic mild heart failure.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1989

Effects of two triphasic oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol plus levonorgestrel or gestodene on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis.

The hemostatic effects of a new triphasic oral contraceptive combination containing ethinylestradiol and the new progestogen gestodene were compared with those of a triphasic combination of ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel. A total of 19 women who did not use any kind of hormonal contraception 3 months prior to the study were recorded. The following parameters were measured: whole blood clotting time (WBCT), whole blood clot lysis time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, factors V, VII and VIII. Blood samples were taken before treatment and in cycles 1, 3 and 6. A significant shortening of WBCT was observed in cycle 3 and 6 in both groups and also in cycle 1 in the gestodene group. This may indicate an increased sensitivity for activation of platelets, since the assay appears to be quite sensitive to this process. In the other parameters tested there were no significant changes except for a slight increase in plasma fibrinogen in cycle 1 in the gestodene group.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Thromboplastin activity in blood monocytes from oral contraceptive users.

The thromboplastin activity in blood monocytes from 13 women on oral contraceptives and from a reference group of 20 women not on oral contraceptives has been compared. The thromboplastin activity in endotoxin-stimulated monocytes from the oral contraceptive (OC) users was on average 54% of the activity in the reference group (p less than 0.05). The thromboplastin activity in unstimulated monocytes was also lower in the OC group than in the reference group although not statistically significant. Factor VII was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the OC group, whereas no difference was observed in fibrinogen and factor V levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Thromboplastin activity in amniotic fluid.

Thromboplastin activity in amniotic fluid from 39 patients pregnant in weeks 14-40 has been studied. Amniotic fluid was obtained by amniocentesis. All fluids were fractionated and the activity studied in both supernatant and sediment in a highly specific and sensitive test system. All samples tested showed a very high thromboplastin activity. No correlation to gestational age was found. Amniotic samples from 19 of the patients were incubated with endotoxin. Endotoxin did not further increase the procoagulant activity.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

Cholesterol esterification in human secretory endometrium and in endometrial cancer tissue. Demonstration of microsomal acyl-CoA-cholesterol acyl-transferase (ACAT) activity.

Human secretory endometrium and endometrial cancer tissue both contain acyl-CoA:cholesterol-acyltransferase (ACAT). The optimal assay conditions for measuring ACAT activity in microsomes prepared from these tissues were determined. The activity in normal secretory endometrium was 15.3 +/- 1.27 pmol cholesteryl ester formed per mg protein-1 per min-1, whereas 3 out of 4 endometrial cancers had 3-7-fold higher ACAT activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Twin pregnancy: report of a case with 35 days between deliveries.

A prolonged interval between the births of the first and second of twins is rare and only a few reports are found in the literature. This paper reports a patient with twins with an interval of 35 days between the births of the 2 infants, who, due to prematurity and complications, were both stillborn. Three months later the patient became pregnant again and after an uneventful pregnancy gave birth to a healthy baby. However, due to breech presentation an abdominal delivery was undertaken.

Adult↗