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Biomedical subjects

I Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to I Hashimoto.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Myocarditis in mice infected with Coxsackie virus B3.

Perimyocarditis in the heart of BALB/c mice infected with Coxsackie virus group B type 3 (CB3) was studied to determine whether it is limited to the right perimyocardium and to show whether or not perimyocarditis or myocardial lesions are produced in both left and right ventricles. CB3 was recovered from the heart on days from 2 to 13 after inoculation, but thereafter no virus was isolated from any part of the heart. Histopathologically, from days 1 to 4, hyaline or granular degeneration and necrosis of the muscle fibres with or without calcium deposits and an inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration was limited to the right perimyocardium. On days 6 to 18, however, degeneration and necrosis of the muscle fibres and an inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration were found not only in the right perimyocardium, but also in both left and right ventricular wall, the left perimyocardium, both right and left endomyocardium and the septum. In the right ventricular lesions, the incidence and intensity of the histopathological changes in the perimyocardium were greater than those in the muscular layer or septum. In contrast, in left ventricular lesions, the incidence and intensity of the histopathological changes in the muscular layers were greater than those in the peri- and endo--cardium. It is inferred, therefore, that the right perimyocardium and left ventricular wall are more susceptible to CB3 infection than right ventricular wall or left peri- and endocardium. It is concluded that CB3 can produce not only right-sided perimyocarditis, but also both right and left ventricular lesions and endocardial or septal changes in the mouse heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Cefsulodin concentration in exudates from drainage of patients with acute peritonitis following intravenous administration].

Cefsulodin (CFS), a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin, shows a potent antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some Gram-positive bacteria, whereas it shows low activity against many Gram-negative rods. Against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, CFS was about 10 times more active than sulbenicillin and carbenicillin, and had a similar activity to gentamicin and dibekacin. The CFS was administered by an intravenous bolus injection at a dose of 1 g to each of 14 patients operated for acute peritonitis with drainage or radical mastectomy with drainage to treat breast cancer. These cases included 3 of localized peritonitis due to perforative appendicitis, 3 of diffuse peritonitis due to perforative duodenal ulcer, 2 of panperitonitis due to intestinal obstruction and perforative sigmoid colon cancer, 4 of subacute cholangitis, localized peritonitis T-tube choledochal drainage due to choledocholithiasis, and 2 of breast cancer. Materials from drain exudate were taken at intervals with sterilized paper discs and CFS concentrations were determined by the paper disc bioassay method with P. aeruginosa NCTC 10490 as the test organism. Serum concentrations of CFS just after injection reached 135.4 +/- 66.1 micrograms/ml, and they were 2.7 +/- 1.5 micrograms/ml at 6 hours after injection. Concentrations in purulent exudates of patients with acute peritonitis increased quickly after intravenous bolus injections, and reached maximum levels relatively early after injection in cases 2 to 3 days after operation. In cases 10 to 13 days after operation, CFS levels were comparatively low and reached to peak levels at 4 to 5 hours after injection. Levels of CFS in purulent exudate tended to increase in proportion to the severity of symptoms, as did CFS levels in appendix wall. Pseudomonas spp. were not isolated in this study, but MICs of CFS were mostly around 1.56 to 3.13 micrograms/ml when clinically isolated Pseudomonas spp. were present at 10(6) cells/ml. Levels of CFS in infected exudate were higher than the above MIC values against Pseudomonas spp. Therefore, CFS were a useful drug for the chemotherapy against pseudomonal infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of cefotiam in the exudate from wounds of patients with breast cancer operated upon for radical mastectomy.

Cephalosporin antibiotics have been widely used to prevent infections during and after operation. To establish an efficient use of prophylactic antibiotics for patients undergoing surgery, it is important to investigate the drug levels in exudate from wounds of the patients and to elucidate the relation between drug concentration in the blood and that in the exudate. In a previous paper, the present authors (except E.M. and Y.K.) determined cefotiam (CTM) concentrations in serum and exudate from wounds of patients with breast cancer who underwent radical mastectomy and discussed an adequate regimen of CTM prophylaxis after the operation. However, CTM concentrations in serum and exudate from the wounds of the patients were not analyzed pharmacokinetically. In the present paper we report on the disposition kinetics of CTM in serum and exudate from wounds after the administration of CTM following bolus intravenous injection into patients with breast cancer operated upon for radical mastectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Cefotiam concentration in exudate from suction drain of patients with breast cancer following intravenous administration].

Cefotiam (CTM) in a dose of 2 g was given by intravenous bolus injection to 16 patients with breast cancer operated upon radical mastectomy with suction drainage. The materials of exudate from drain were taken at intervals by sterilized paper disc and determined by the paper disc method with Proteus mirabilis ATCC 21100 as the test organism to CTM concentrations. CTM concentrations in exudate from suction drain of patients increased quickly after intravenous injection, and reached to peak early time on 2 to 3 days after operation. While on 6 days after operation, the CTM concentrations were comparatively lower and reached to peak at 2 approximately 3 hours after injection. The CTM concentrations in exudate exceed the antibacterial levels of CTM and are thought to be sufficient to produce prophylactic effects in the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of astromicin administered by intravenous drip infusion. Report II. Bacterial infections in the field of surgery].

A clinical evaluation of astromicin (ASTM) administered by intravenous drip infusion against infections in the surgical field was made, and the results were summarized as follows. Excellent effect was observed in 19 out of a total of 44 cases, good effect in 19, fair in 1 and poor in 5. The efficacy rate calculated from the 38 cases of "excellent" and "good" was 86%. In stratification by disease, the efficacy rate was 91% in localized peritonitis (31/34 cases) and 63% in diffuse peritonitis (5/8 cases); the overall efficacy rate in peritonitis was 86%. The efficacy rate in 2 cases infected by Gram-positive bacteria was 50%, and that in 16 cases by Gram-negative bacteria was 94%. The disappearance rate of Gram-negative bacteria was 93%, and this drug was especially effective against E. coli. There were no subjective or objective side effects and no abnormal laboratory test values that were related to the administration of ASTM.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Two cases of thrombosis of an aneurysm in the acute stage].

Thrombus formation within aneurysm is common and has generally been proved to be a slowly progressive phenomenon. We report two cases of acute completely thrombosis of aneurysms. The initial angiogram failed to reveal aneurysm and other etiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT revealed diffuse cisternal blood and acute hydrocephalus. We decided to operate on these patients in the acute stage because of the generally-known strict correlation between the amount of cisternal high density on CT and the subsequent development of vasospasm and ischemic event. Case 1. A 68 year-old female was admitted on Day 1 with neurological deterioration of Grade 3 (H & K). Complete angiographic study was done, including the basal view and stereotechnique, but failed to reveal aneurysm. On Day 2 we operated on this patient and discovered a thrombosed aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (3 X 7 mm in size). Case 2. A 51 year-old male suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage was transferred to our hospital on Day 0. Emergency angiography gave no information, but the pattern of cisternal clots on CT was suggested the existence of an aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery. The next day we performed angiography once more, at that time 2 X 5 mm internal carotid bifurcated aneurysm was revealed. Shortly thereafter we operated and found the intra-aneurysmal clot. Through consideration of these we have reached the following conclusions. When CT findings in a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage show the diffuse cisternal clots due to rupture of aneurysm, we should consider immediate surgery even if the angiogram is negative in order to lessen the risk of delayed vasospasm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of ciprofloxacin on biliary tract infection following oral administration].

A newly synthesized antibiotic of quinoline carboxylic acid group, ciprofloxacin (BAY o 9867, CPFX) for oral administration, has a broad spectrum and high antibacterial activity against various bacterial species including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria such as P. aeruginosa and B. fragilis. The CPFX was administered orally in a dose of 200 mg 3 times daily for 5 to 8 days (6.3 +/- 1.0 days) to 12 patients with biliary tract infection consisting of 2 males and 10 females. Two of them were outpatients and 10 were hospitalized. Ages ranged from 27 to 72 years (mean 51.8 +/- 14.8 years), weights from 48.5 to 73.5 kg (mean 60.5 +/- 7.7 kg). All cases were complicated with cholecystolithiasis, with 4 acute and 8 subacute cases. Organisms isolated before the initiation of the CPFX treatment included 3 strains of E. coli from ERCP bile of 3 cases. Infected bacteria were eradicated in 3 cases but results were unknown in the other 9 cases. Clinical responses were excellent in 2 cases, good in 8 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 1 case. No adverse effect was recognized. Therefore, CPFX appears to be a very useful drug when used for chemotherapy of biliary tract infectious diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Studies on the pathogenesis of atrial myocarditis in mice infected with Coxsackie virus B3.

Coxsackie virus B3 (CB3) was inoculated intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice to determine whether atrial myocarditis is due primarily to virus multiplication in the atrial myocardium or is secondary to the effects of virus multiplication in the ventricular myocarditis. Ventricular changes were observed in 15 (71%) out of 21 mice. The lesions consisted of hyaline or granular degeneration and necrosis with or without calcium deposits of the muscle fibres and inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration. Histopathological changes in the atrial myocardium were found in 14 (67%) out of 21 mice. The lesions in the atrial myocardium were oedema or thickening of the endocardium, degeneration and necrosis of the muscle fibres and inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration. The incidence and degrees of intensity of the histopathological changes in the atrial myocardium were less than those of the ventricular myocardium in mice inoculated with CB3, but no difference in the nature of the histopathological changes between the atrial and ventricular myocardium were observed. A high virus titer was found in the atrial myocardium as well as in the ventricular myocardium, and virus antigen was detected in the degenerating or necrotizing muscle fibres in the atrial myocardium by immunofluorescent technique. It is clear that CB3 could produce not only ventricular myocarditis, but also atrial myocarditis. We conclude, therefore, that damage of the atrial myocardium is due to direct action of the virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of exercise training on aortic collagen content in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

We investigated the effects of exercise training on the amount of aortic collagen and systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Ten-week old SHR were trained either by forced treadmill running (26.8 m X min-1 -1 h X day-1, five times a week, 0% incline) or by voluntary running in revolving wheels (7,800 m X day-1 at peak) for 8 weeks. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity measured as a marker of an endurance training effect was 13% higher (P less than 0.01) in the soleus of forced-exercised animals than in that of sedentary ones. (6.56 +/- 0.17 mumol X g-1 X min-1; mean +/- SEM), whereas SDH activity in that of voluntarily-exercised group was found to be at the same level as in sedentary animals. The systolic blood pressure after training increased by 26.4 in sedentary, 21.1 in voluntarily-exercised, and 33.9 mm Hg in forced-exercised rats, when compared with the value of each group at the beginning of the training program. A significant difference was observed in the increment of blood pressure only between the voluntarily- and forced-exercised groups (P less than 0.05). The amount of aortic collagen in voluntarily-trained rats (96.5 +/- 2.0 mg X g tissue-1, 39.8 +/- 0.7 mg X 100 mg protein-1) was significantly less than that in forced-trained rats (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that voluntary, mild exercise training may be more effective in the reduction of collagen accumulation in the aorta associated with the suppression of blood pressure increase than forced, vigorous exercise training in SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural changes of motoneurons in monkeys infected with enterovirus 71. Brief report.

Tissues of the central nervous system (CNS) of cynomolgus monkeys were examined by electron microscopy after intraspinal inoculation of enterovirus 71 (E71). A characteristic finding was the appearance of numerous membrane-bound vesicles (Mbvs) in affected motoneurons. Similar Mbvs were also present in E71-infected cynomolgus monkey kidney (CMK) cells in culture. Virus-like particles were found within or around Mbvs in motoneurons as well as in infected CMK cells in culture. Neither Mbvs nor E71 antigens as detected by immunofluorescence were found in supporting tissues, vascular endothelium, or inflammatory cells. Quite similar findings had been seen in poliovirus infections. It was suggested that the appearance of Mbvs in the cytoplasm of motoneuron is the direct results of virus multiplication in E71 infection as in poliovirus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Cefotiam concentration in exudates from the drainage of patients with acute peritonitis following intravenous administration].

Cefotiam dihydrochloride (CTM) in a dose of 2 g was given by intravenous bolus injection to 15 patients operated upon for acute or subacute abdominal organs. They were included to 5 cases of acute localized peritonitis due to perforative appendicitis, 3 of diffuse peritonitis due to perforative duodenal ulcer, 1 of diffuse peritonitis with intestinal obstruction, 1 of perforative sigmoid colon cancer, 2 of gastric cancer or polyp with cholelithiasis, and 3 of cholangitis with cholecyst-choledocholithiasis. The materials of exudate from drain were taken at intervals by sterilized paper disc and determined by paper disc bioassay method with Proteus rettgeri ATCC 9250 or Proteus mirabilis ATCC 21100 as the test organisms to CTM concentrations. CTM concentrations in purulent exudate from drain of patients with acute peritonitis, they were increased quickly after intravenous bolus injection, and reached higher levels at early time after injection in cases 2 or 3 days after operation. CTM concentration in purulent exudate from drain was tended to increase in proportion to the severity of the inflammation. The CTM levels in infected exudate were higher than the MICs against clinically isolated organisms for a long time after administration. Therefore, CTM was very useful drug when used for chemotherapy of postoperative peritonitis.

Acute Disease↗