PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Hutás

Publications and source records attributed to I Hutás.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Electron microscopic structure of mastocytes of the airways and changes in the clinical status during steroid inhalation therapy].

The structure of epithelial mast cells obtained by bronchial biopsy from asthmatic patients reveals characteristic qualitative and quantitative features. Great amount of partly or completely depleted mast cells can be observed in active asthmatic patients, indicating the liberation of bronchoconstrictive mediators. After a two months treatment with inhalative steroid (budesonide) the process of degranulation slows down, the number of depleted mast cells decreases. Parallel with the above described phenomenon, the number of dyspneic attacks, as well as the necessity of other antiasthmatic drugs show a significant decrease. However, in this patient material, during the treatment period, airway hyperreactivity, detected by bronchial provocation, failed to show any remarkable change.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

[Fatigue of the respiratory muscle and respiratory insufficiency].

Recent results on respiratory muscle function are reviewed, with special regard to the muscle fatigue theory of respiratory failure. In this respect diagnostic measures and clinical symptoms are reported. Therapy is directed to reduce the work of respiratory muscles and temporarily rest them. Within this special role is given to the treatment with respirator and positive pressure breathing.

Fatigue↗
PubMed1990

Successes and failures in the treatment of bronchial asthma.

In the past decade a spectacular development could be observed in the field of antiasthmatic drugs. Though the new drugs did not produce radical change but they created a wide range of treatment possibilities. This paper is dealing with three, probably most rapidly developing fields of asthma therapy. 1. Immunotherapy. The most important allergens could be isolated in a high purity with up-to-date chemical analitical methods. This affords possibility for a more reliable determination of individual sensitivity and desensitizing treatment. 2. Mediator release blocking drugs. While common antiasthmatic medicaments try to counterbalance the effect of chemical mediators released by antigen-antibody reaction, the former partly block mediator release but also decrease bronchial hyperreactivity characteristic of asthma. 3. Glucocorticosteroids. Recent halogenized steroid preparations did not diminish the risk of severe side effects. Their application is limited in time, they are used mainly for the prevention and treatment of asthmatic crisis. Among aerosolized steroids, preparations considered as optimal have local effect but they are slightly absorbed from the mucous membrane. In spite of the new drugs, medication depending on individual sensitivity, actual complaints and lung function values is essential, the asthmatic needs continuous care based on symptoms, complaints.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

[Social problems associated with chronic bronchitis].

The relationships between schooling, occupation, symptoms of chronic bronchitis and smoking habits were investigated in 5,000 people. This study was done in conjunction with a mass X-ray screening effort in a district of Budapest. The number of smokers among those with an academic education was 6-7% lower than in the group with primary school education. Symptoms of bronchitis are less common among the smokers in the former group (7%) than among those in the latter group (18%). The incidence of bronchitis was also lower among intellectuals. It is assumed that higher education or a higher cultural level is associated with a healthier and more modern life style, cigarette smoking being only one, albeit the most important, factor involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Presence of covalently bound energy-rich phosphates in human tracheal smooth muscle myosin.

In a preliminary report, the tracheal NaCl-myosin prepared from an old and a young subject was discussed. In the present paper, the total bound phosphate (P) content and its distribution is described in two parallel preparations of human muscle myosin. It was shown that a considerable amount of covalently bound P was present not only in NaCl, but in the fresh preparations of tracheal KCl-myosin. Analysing this phosphate fraction in the alkaline hydrolysate of RNA- and lipid-free preparations of myosin it was confirmed that phosphate was linked to the basic amino acid residues and their hydrolytic derivatives. As the phosphoryl binding sites are partly saturated, the phosphate concentration can be enhanced nearly three-fold compared to the fresh preparation. Phosphate incorporation is an autophosphorylation process depending on the ATP and Mg2+ concentration. Studying the actomyosin fraction in the presence of ATP it was found that its phosphate content can also be increased to a certain degree. It is supposed that the changes in phosphate content of myosin are associated with the formation of crossbridges between the actin and myosin filaments in the processes of muscle contraction and relaxation. The process can be influenced directly and indirectly by some natural factors and drugs resulting in the concentration or relaxation of bronchial muscles.

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1985

Species dependent relaxation of intrapulmonary arteries (IPA) of rabbits, dogs and humans by prostacyclin.

Helically cut strips of successive IPA segments of rabbits, dogs and human patients were set up for isometric recording in vitro. High tone was produced by norepinephrine (NE, 3 microM). This tone was markedly reduced by prostacyclin (PGI2) in the secondary, tertiary and quaternary branches of human and canine pulmonary trunk. The IC50 values for PGI2 ranged from 22 to 503 nM, the human vessels being more sensitive to prostacyclin than canine IPA. Under these conditions, the primary and secondary branches of the rabbit pulmonary trunk were not relaxed by PGI2. The contractile potency of NE was determined in each pulmonary vessel studied. The secondary segments of rabbit IPA were about ten times as sensitive to NE (EC50 for NE: 38 +/- 7 nM) as compared to the secondary IPA from dogs and humans (EC50 values: 370 +/- 84 and 440 +/- 50, respectively). When high tone was induced by equieffective contractile concentrations of NE (3 microM for canine and human IPA and 0.3 microM for rabbit vessels), PGI2 was still less effective (P less than 0.01) in relaxing secondary IPA of rabbits (IC25: 220 +/- 55) than the corresponding segments of dogs and humans (IC25: 51 +/- 12 and 17 +/- 4, respectively). The difference between canine and human vessels was also significant (P less than 0.02). These results indicate that there is an interspecies difference in the sensitivity of IPA to NE and PGI2.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Preparation and purification of myosin from human tracheal smooth muscle.

NaCl myosin was prepared from the annular smooth muscles of human bronchus. About 7 mg of gel filtered myosin was gained from 8 g minced tracheal muscle of the younger subject. The yield from the older (74-year old) subject was only 30% of that from the younger subject, even though the starting material was more (12 g minced tissue). Tracheal myosin contains P lipid in considerable amount; P lipids account for some 28% of the total phosphate content of the myosin, and even more (50-55%) in the case of the older subject. The preparation could be phosphorylated only in the presence of CAMP and PGF2 alpha, respectively. Cu2+ treatment liberated less phosphate when compared with myosin preparations from other smooth muscles; however, the majority of the phosphate bonds underwent hydrolysis upon the effect of KOH. The reactions specific for amino acids, and also other observations allow the conclusion that the majority of covalently bound phosphate is present in an ester-type bond. Lysine-vasopressin, and also diethylpyrocarbonate successfully protect the P content of myosin from the hydrolysis inherent to incubation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗