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Biomedical subjects

I Ia Iakovleva

Publications and source records attributed to I Ia Iakovleva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Longitudinal studies of cosmonauts' health].

Presented are data of the follow-up (about 30 years maximum) of cosmonauts (n = 36, main group) and candidates to cosmonauts (n = 65, control) who were also subjected to the systematic medical certification over the whole period in the corps of cosmonauts. Analysis of the data on morbidity, body mass, physiological and biochemical parameters (BP, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, hemoglobin etc.) revealed that for the most part, dynamics of the health parameters and morbidity in remote periods after space flight was age-specific.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Genesis of vestibulo-autonomic disorders in space flight].

Some considerations on the mechanisms of vestibulo-vegetative disturbance in space flight are given on the basis of clinical observations, experience of otoneurological clinic, simulation experiments and examinations of cosmonauts. The starting point in these disturbances was a significant fact of blood redistribution in weightlessness and subsequent changes in hemodynamics, metabolism, etc. The body reactions to weightlessness seem to prepare pronounced vestibulo-vegetative reflexes to threshold and subthreshold vestibular stimuli induced by head and body movements in flight. Some aspects of the vestibular selection and training of cosmonauts are discussed from this point of view.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perception of 2-dimensional space coordinates during prolonged experimental hypokinesia].

The effect of a 30-day hypokinesia on the perception of the subjective optic vertical (SOV) was studied. The test subjects who were in the antiorthostatic position (at an angle of 96 degrees to the vertical) showed the greatest changes in the SOV perception and illusive perception of the spatial position of the body. During the first two days of the experiment and ten days after it they displayed a 1.5-fold increase in the error of the SOV perception. In addition, they exhibited an asymmetrical perception of the SOV on the right and left side. In all cases the direction of the SOV displacement from the true line coincided with the body position. The test subjects who were kept at an angle of 84 degrees to the vertical (orthostatic hypokinesia) demonstrated only illusions of the body position during the first hypokinetic day and a unilateral increase in the error of the SOV perception after the experiment. The test subjects who underwent preventive treatment following antiorthostatic hypokinesia (at an angle of 94 degrees to the vertical) exhibited no asymmetry and an insignificant error in the SOV perception. These findings are discussed with regards to the changes in the function of pressuretension receptors and disorders in the skeletal tone during hypokinesia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of motion sickness during prolonged otolith stimulation in anti-orthostatic position].

Thirty healthy volunteers were tested for an extended period of time (up to 4 hours) on modified parallel swings during a head-down tilt (-8 degrees) study. The pattern of motion sickness that developed in this situation was evaluated in terms of physiological parameters (electrocardiography, rheoencephalography, arterial pressure, respiration rate electrooculography, etc.), hormonal status, fluid-electrolyte balance, sensory function. The test subjects developed a vestibulo-hemodynamic syndrome that included vestibular disorders, spatial illusions, fluid displacement in the cranial direction, excitation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, changes in fluid-electrolyte balance. The resulting data may help better understand mechanisms underlying motion sickness.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Occupational work capacity and functional status of an operator during repeated exposure to optokinetic and antiorthostatic forces].

It has been shown that optokinetic stimulation that elicits sensory-autonomic manifestations of motion sickness and head-down tilt that simulates fluid redistribution in the cranial direction decrease professional abilities of the operator even after he has developed good skills. Repeated exposures to optokinetic stimulation or head-down tilt have some training effect. However, control tests that include both optokinetic stimulation and head-down tilt give evidence that their training effect is not adequate.

Adaptation, Physiological↗