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Biomedical subjects

I Ia Kon'

Publications and source records attributed to I Ia Kon'.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of malonic aldehyde, transferrin levels and blood antioxidant activity in women with normal pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by toxicosis: effect of eiconol].

Malonic dyaldehyde (MDA) and transferrin (TF) content and total antioxidant activity (AOA) were measured in blood of pregnant women with normal pregnancy (27 women) and preeclamptic pregnancy (46 women) at different pregnancy stages (17-28, 29-34 and 35-40 weeks of pregnancy). It was shown that in normal pregnancy AOA increased from 24 weeks of pregnancy with a maximum at 30 weeks, while MDA level did not change significantly through all time of pregnancy. On the contrary, in preeclamptic pregnancy blood AOA did not change significantly, while MDA content increased at the 26-34 weeks of pregnancy with a maximum at 30-34 weeks of pregnancy. Blood TF content in normal pregnancy increased during pregnancy development with a maximum at 30-34 weeks, while in preeclamptic pregnancy TF changed only a little. These data show the important role of TF in the AOA blood status formation in normal pregnancy, and great pathogenetic role of the absence of such an increase of TF at preeclamptic pregnancy in AOA impairment at this condition. Eiconol (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrate from north fish oil) intake by preeclamptic pregnant women drastically decreased blood MDA level (1,5-2 times compared to the women that did not receive eiconol), especially at 29-34 week of gestation. Blood AOA, that was decreased at preeclampsia increased under influence of eiconol intake at all pregnancy stages studied. Eiconol intake greatly increased also the TF blood content that was decreased at preeclampsia. It is supposed that eiconol ability to increase AOA may be explained by its capacity to increase the level of TF--one of the most important compounds of serum blood antioxidant system.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A study of the intake of zinc, copper and selenium by Moscow preschool children].

The paper presents the results of comprehensive study of the provision of Moscow preschool age children with zinc, copper, and selenium, which involved assessment of their dietary intake of these substances, analysis of the provision with these trace elements by using non-invasive biochemical studies, and examination of the children's physical development and morbidity. Comparison of the data on the levels of zinc, copper, and selenium in the hair, nail, and saliva with scanty data available in the literature leads to the conclusion that Moscow preschool children show subnormal provision with these trace elements, which is not accompanied by clinical symptoms of their deficiency.

Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Moscow schoolchildren's physical development: state-of-the-art and evaluation techniques].

The paper compares the data on schoolchildren's physical development, by using three different rating tables (centile Russian and foreign tables) and calculating the Z score. It also gives data of comparison of the anthropometric indices obtained with these tables, as well as a correlation between the results obtained by applying these methods. In addition, anthropometric indices (body weight, height, physical development harmonicity) were studied in 1st- and 5th-form pupils from Moscow general educational schools. The basic trends of the schoolchildren's physical development in the past 10 years are analyzed. The findings indicate the positive changes in Moscow schoolchildren's physical development, which are characterized by an increase in the number of children with a normal body weight, by a relative decrease in that of children with low body weight, and by a rise in the proportion of tall children.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience with a selenium-containing biological active supplement used in children with pneumonias in an intensive care unit].

The efficacy of the biologically active additive (BAA) "Spirulin-Sochi-Selen" was evaluated in 45 children aged 3 to 15 years who had acute pneumonia treated in the intensive care unit for infected patients of the Tushino children's city hospital, Moscow. The levels of selenium were determined by the Alfthan microfluorimetric technique (1984). The time course of clinical, laboratory, functional, and X-ray changes was determined. A control group comprised 20 children taking no selenium-containing foods or biologically active additives. The findings suggest that the BAA "Spirulin-Sochi-Selen" is effective as part of therapy for acute pneumonia in children treated in an intensive care unit. There were no signs of selenium deficiency in any case despite the baseline reduction in the average serum levels in both groups.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Procedure for determining the initiation of tube feeding in children in an intensive care unit].

A procedure is proposed to determine the timing of tube feeding in children treated in an intensive care unit, which records the hypertonia of the pyloric sphincter and consists in the determination the time of gastric administration of distilled water before its evacuation into the duodenal lumen (water evacuation test) visualized in the real-time mode through abdominal ultrasonography. The proposed procedure was successfully applied to 42 children aged 3 months to 14 years who had severe brain injury, appendicular peritonitis, polytrauma, and polysegmental pneumonias. This determining procedure makes it possible to exclude radiation exposure in patients treated in intensive care units and to improve the outcomes of treatment, by prescribing the artificial feeding, that is adequate to the patients' status, in the periods optimal for each specific clinical case.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of vitamin A on the glycoprotein fraction composition of rat plasma].

Content of main glycoprotein fractions was studied in rat blood plasma under conditions of vitamin A avitaminosis and of subnormal consumption of the vitamin. Main protein fractions were estimated simultaneously with relative content of glycoproteins which was calculated per mg of total proteins. Relative content of gamma-glycoproteins was increased in avitaminosis A, which appears to occur due to elevation of gamma-globulin synthesis in response to secondary infection or intoxication, while the level of alpha 1- and alpha 2-glycoproteins was decreased simultaneously as a result of possible impairment of protein glycosylation in liver tissue. Subnormal consumption of retinol did not alter content of many protein fractions in blood, however under these conditions absolute content of alpha 1-, alpha 2- and beta 2-glycoproteins as well as relative content of alpha 2-glycoproteins were decreased, thus leading to increase in relative content of underglycosylated proteins in blood. Vitamin A appears to be essential for biosynthesis of individual but not of total blood glycoproteins.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphological characteristics of enterocyte proliferation and differentiation processes in avitaminosis A].

A significant decrease in the total number of mitotically dividing cells (per 1 crypt), especially in the lower portions of the intestine, was observed in rats with avitaminosis A. The levelling of differences in the number of goblet cells in the upper and lower portions of the intestine was also recorded in the animals with avitaminosis A. The investigations conducted have evidenced retinol participation in differentiation and, to a lesser extent, in proliferation of epitheliocytes of the rat small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nitrogen and fat balance of premature infants in the 1st days of life].

Significant nitrogen imbalance was recorded in the presence of satisfactory fat retention in premature infants during the first days of life. It is suggested that along with the biochemically immature processes of protein assimilation aggravated by the perinatal pathology protein deficiency plays an important role in the nitrogen imbalance in the premature infants. To prevent the above disorders the authors recommend that the premature infants be given minimum 1.8-2 g protein/kg bw; long-term milk infusions through a naso-gastric tube could be helpful in this case.

Body Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Activity of enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism in the liver of rats with vitamin A deficiency and mycotoxicosis T-2].

Keeping male rats within a month on a ration deficient in vitamin A led to a distinct decrease in content of cytochrome P-450, in activities of carboxylase, epoxide hydrolase, aniline hydrolase and to a slight inhibition of UDP-glucuronosyl transferase in live tissue. At the same time, activity of glutathione transferase and content of reduced glutathione in liver tissue were increased. After administration of the epoxide-containing T-2 mycotoxin into rats within 10 days at a dose of 0.54 mg/kg activity of the enzymes catalyzing metabolism of xenobiotics was inhibited in the animals maintained on the complete half-synthetic ration, except of epoxide hydrolase and glutathione transferase, activity of which was elevated. The administration of T-2 toxin under conditions of deficiency in vitamin A caused especially distinct inhibition of the enzymes involved in the 1 phase of xenobiotic metabolism but it was accompanied by only slight increase in T-2 toxicosis. The enzymes participating in conjugation of xenobiotics as well as epoxide hydrolase appear to play major roles in detoxication of T-2 mycotoxin.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid peroxidation in the rat liver in mild forms of vitamin A deficiency].

The content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugates (DC) in homogenates and microsomes of the liver, as well as the rate of spontaneous NADPH- and ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation (LPO) were studied in hepatic microsomes of rats with nonsevere types of experimental vitamin A deficiency: a) rapid and synchronously induced vitamin A deficiency developing in the animals with a pre-exhausted hepatic retinol reserve, which received retinoic acid, after the retinoic acid administration was stopped; b) subnormal provision with retinol by the injection to rats of minimal vitamin doses (7 IU/day). Both experimental models were characterized by a drastic exhaustion of vitamin A reserve in the liver, manifest disorders in the growth and appetite of the animals being absent. In both models the DC content and NADPH-dependent LPO rate in the liver of rats with vitamin A deficiency proved to be decreased as compared to the control, while the rate of ascorbate-dependent LPO was little changed. The study of the fatty-acid composition of microsomal lipids in synchronous vitamin A deficiency revealed decreased arachidonic acid and increased palmitic acid levels as compared to the controls. A conclusion has been made that the results obtained confirm the earlier data on the lowering of LPO intensity in severe types of retinol deficiency, and evidence specificity of shifts associated with deficiency of retinol proper, but not with secondary metabolic disorders due to the changes in nutrition and growth of animals.

Animals↗