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I Iu Malyshev

Publications and source records attributed to I Iu Malyshev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Stress proteins in Alzheimer's disease].

Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression can be restricted by brain self-defense systems for a long time since the onset. Among these an exclusive role is played by the system of stress proteins, or heat shock proteins. In AD, stress proteins play primarily a neuroprotective role, which is realized through at least 7 mechanisms: 1) restriction of apoptosis; 2) restriction of NO overproduction; 3) disaggregation of extracellular Abeta aggregates; 4) acceleration of Abeta elimination from intercellular space; 5) restriction of tau-protein hyperphosphorylation; 6) protection of neurons from glutamate toxicity; 7) restriction of intracellular Abeta cytotoxicity. Results of studies on protective effects of heat shock proteins in AD allow creation of a new trend in the field of the treatment, related with developing methods of activation of stress protein self-defense system in order to restrict neurodegenerative disorders. The given review presents theoretical and experimental prerequisites for such an approach, and substantiates its possible efficiency.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed2002

[Catecholamines, nitrogen oxide, and resistivity to stressor lesions: effect of adaptation to hypoxia].

Pronouncement of stress-induced disturbance of searching behaviour (using "open field" test) and stomach ulceration were compared for the first time with activity of the catecholamine system in hypothalamus and striatum and also with activity of the stress-limiting system of nitric oxide (NO) in the rats of two strains August and Wistar, which differ in their resistance against stress-induced cardiovascular disorders. The effect of prior adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia on these disorders was also studied. August rats appeared to be more resistant than Wistar rats against stress-induced disturbance of the searching behaviour and stomach ulceration. Results of measuring the content of catecholamines in brain structures and the content of NO stable metabolites nitrate/nitrite in plasma suggested that these differences could be due to the stress activation of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system in August rats, which was not observed in Wistar rats, and also to the higher production of NO in August than in Wistar rats. Adaptation to hypoxia considerably restricted these stress disorders in rats of both strains. Importantly, the protective effects were associated with activation of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system in all the animals. In the result, adapted Wistar rats, as distinct from non-adapted Wistar rats, displayed a stress activation of this system. The protective effects of adaptation were also accompanied by an increased NO synthesis. Taken together, the data suggest an important role of the responsiveness of the brain dopaminergic system and NO system in the mechanism of resistance against stress-induced disturbances.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2001

[Correction of NO-dependent cardiovascular disorders by adaptation to hypoxia].

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) were adapted to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in an altitude chamber for 40 days. The adaptation to hypoxia prevented an excessive endothelium-dependent relaxation and hypotension characteristic of myocardial infarction. The adaptation also attenuated the increase in blood pressure and prevented impairment of the endothelium-dependent relaxation in SHR-SP. The universal nature of the adaptation allows to use it for correcting many cardiovascular disorders related to diverse alterations of NO metabolism.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2001

[The role of stress proteins HSP70 and the adrenergic system in different resistance to myocardial infarction of August and Wistar genetic rat strains].

A lesser resistance against myocardial infarction (MI) in the Wistar rats as compared with the August rats was found to be combined with a greater stress-response and activation of the heart sympathetic regulation in the former rats. In the Wistar rats and not in August rats, an activation of hypothalamic noradrenaline (NA) system occurs as well as a greater "output" of the NA from sympathetic terminals in the myocardium. Accumulation of the HSP 70 stress-proteins in IM in the myocardium is nearly 2-2.5-fold lesser in the Wistar rats. Thereupon, different resistance against the IM in Wistar and August rats seems to be due to a genetically determine differences in intensity of the stress-response, activation of the heart sympathetic regulation in the IM, and production of the HSP 70 protective stress-proteins in the myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Nitric oxide synthesis in patients with myocardial infarction].

The findings of the author demonstrate that the system of nitric oxide (NO) generation and metabolism is an element of multicomponent response of the organism to myocardial infarction (MI). This response consists in MI patients' systemic ability and, in particular, their peripheral blood mononuclears' ability to produce NO as well as the absence of iNOS activation in peripheral blood of MI patients. It is important for a practitioner to understand that a fall in the urine and plasma concentration of NO metabolism end product reflects low activity of NO generation while NO is a powerful regulatory factor in the cardiovascular system. Thus, low levels of NO and its metabolites in the urine and plasma of MI patients indicate depletion of compensatory coronarodilatating potential and, eventually, poor prognosis. Relevant measurements will provide additional parameters in assessment of body reserves in MI patients and in MI prognosis within the first hours of its onset.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Nitric oxide storage in rats of various genetic strains and its role in the antistressor effect of adaptation to hypoxia].

Adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia induced a gradual increase in the NO production along with a progressive NO storage in vascular wall. Unadapted August rats were more resistant against stress-induced stomach ulceration than the Wistar rats. Following a 6-day adaptation rats of both strains revealed a protective antiulcerogenic effect. A long-term adaptation potentiated the stress damage of the stomach rather than protected against it. A higher basal NO production seems to provide a more efficient antistress defence in the August rats. An intense NO storage may create a relative NO shortage and thus predispose to stress-induced vasoconstriction and ulceration.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

[Nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system: its role in adaptive protection].

Nitric oxide (NO) is involved virtually in all processes occurring in the body. In the cardiovascular system, it regulates cardiac contractility, blood coagulability, cell proliferation, vascular tone, and blood pressure (BP). NO deficiency leads to the development of severe cardiovascular diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction, abnormally increased vascular tone and BP (such as hypertension, angina pectoris, atherosclerosis, diabetic angiopathy, etc.) At the same time, NO hyperproduction makes a contribution to the development of septic, cardiogenic, thermal, and other shocks. The most effective non-drug stimulation of NO synthesis is a gradual adaptation to environmental factors. The adaptation-induced elevation of NO levels, followed by vascular wall NO deposition, on the one hand, limits the damaging action of excess NO in shocks by the feedback, and, on the other, makes up some NO reserve which may be used in NO deficiency. Further studies of NO-dependent adaptive mechanisms will allow the agent to be used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases associated with NO metabolic disturbances.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

[Nitrogen oxide storage as a factor of adaptive defence].

Adaptation to environmental factors possesses multiple NO-dependent protective effects and stimulates the NO storage. An adaptation to a mild stress was shown to reduce the death rate in rats from 57% to 8% and to prevent a heat shock-induced hypotension and endothelial overactivation. Treatment of the rats with the NO-synthase inhibitor L-NNA interfered with the NO storage and formation of protective effects, while the NO donor dinitrosyl iron complex facilitated the NO storage and simulated the adaptive defence. The data obtained suggest an important role of the NO storage in adaptive defence of the organism.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

[Hypoxia and nitric oxide].

Cell death or survival under hypoxia is determined to a greater extent by the nature of changes in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. Severe hypoxia causes NO overproduction that is an important factor that induces apoptotic cell death. In contrast, a cell response to moderate hypoxia enhances hypoxic resistance and restricts the mechanisms of activated apoptosis. A moderate increase in NO synthesis and storage that are characteristic of hypoxic adaptation may limit NO overproduction induced by acute hypoxia. In addition, NO-dependent mechanisms of adaptation are apparently involved in the restriction of apoptosis-specific signaling pathways. Therefore, during hypoxic adaptation, NO acts as an endogenous protective agent involved in the limitation of severe hypoxia-induced cell damages.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Stress-limiting nitric oxide system].

The work substantiates a concept of the nitric oxide (NO) system as a universal transmitter and controller of physiological functions and as a new stress-limiting system. The NO system can be activated by a stress, restrict release and/or production of stress hormones, restrict the stress damage to the organism, enhance the organism's resistance against stress, can be activated in adaptation to repeated exposure to environmental factors. Some specifics of the NO system differing it from other stress-limiting systems, are discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1999

[Ultrasonographic evaluation of major vessels in patients with vibration disease].

Common carotic arteries, odd visceral branches of abdominal aorta were subgected to ultrasound Doppler examination and color duplex ultrasound in 100 vibration disease patients and 57 liquidators of Chernobyl power accident consequences. Stenosis of various degree and thickened vascular wall were revealed in 23.6 +/- 4.5% of vibration disease patients and in 46.2 +/- 7.98% of liquidators (p < 0.05). These data prove that the liquidators being younger (4 years average age difference) than the vibration disease patients demonstrate more significant atherosclerotic changes of vascular wall.

Adult↗