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Biomedical subjects

I Iwamoto

Publications and source records attributed to I Iwamoto.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Skin reactivity to substance P in asthmatics].

Substance P (SP) is believed to be a major mediator of neurogenic inflammation. To determine whether the skin reactivity of SP is increased in asthmatics, we examined the reactivity to intradermal injections of SP, the C-terminal and N-terminal peptides SP6-11 and SP1-9, respectively, and neurokinin A (10(-7)-10(-5) M) in 12 asthmatics and 9 normal subjects. SP and the N-terminal peptide SP1-9 induced both erythemas and wheals in asthmatics and in normal subjects, whereas the C-terminal peptide SP6-11 and neurokinin A primarily induced only wheals in both groups. SP induced greater erythemas and wheals in asthmatics than in normal subjects. SP1-9 also induced greater erythemas and wheals in asthmatics than in normal subjects. However, the wheals induced by SP6-11 or neurokinin A were not significantly different in either group. Therefore, the increased skin reactivity to SP was the N-terminal peptide dependent, which has been shown to be able to activate skin mast cells. We conclude that the skin reactivity to SP is increased in asthmatics, possibly through the increased reactivity of skin mast cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Postoperative recurrence of the patients with the stage I, II non small cell lung cancer].

The study population consisted of 42 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 46 patients with adenocarcinoma of stage I, 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 7 patients with adenocarcinoma of stage II lung cancer who underwent curative surgical resection. Local recurrence and metastasis was not significant in both histological types in stage I, II. Lung and bone metastasis was dominant in the both cases of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and brain metastasis in the cases of adenocarcinoma. Concerning the period to first recurrence following the operation, the recurrences of stage I squamous cell carcinoma occurred 28% within 1 year after surgery, 28% during 1-2 years after surgery and those of stage II squamous cell carcinoma occurred 11% within 1 year. On the other hand, the recurrences of stage I adenocarcinoma occurred 25% within 1 year, 31% during 1-2 years, 25% over 2 years after surgery and those of stage II adenocarcinoma occurred 13% within 1 year. In the cases with squamous cell carcinoma, the 5-year survival rate (56%) of stage I was not significant compared with those (59%) of stage II. On the other hand, in the adenocarcinoma, the 5-year survival rate (54%) of stage I was significantly better than those (29%) of stage II (p less than 0.05).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosomal abnormality of t(11;21) (q23;q22)].

A 33-year-old woman was hospitalized because of bleeding tendency. Hemoglobin was 10.7 g/dl, white blood cell 2,100/microliters and platelet 2.1 X 10(4)/microliters. Bone marrow showed marked dysplasia of trilineage blood cells. Atypical blasts and monocytoid cells accounted for 14.5% in the myelogram. Cytogenetic study of bone marrow cells revealed translocation with t(11;21) in all of 20 metaphasic cells analyzed by G-banding method. A diagnosis of RAEB was made. Familial survey revealed that her elder brother died of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL). The patient received small dose therapy of Ara-C and BHAC-DMP therapy, but a remission was not obtained. The patient's general condition deteriorated with infection, bleeding tendency and chronic hepatitis due to transfusions, therefore we have followed up the patient with prednisolone and red blood cell transfusion. It has become evident that some types of acute leukemia with monocytic features have a cytogenetic change at 11 q 23. But it is rare that RAEB with increased monocytoid cells has a cytogenetic change at 11q23. In addition, the patient's elder brother died of AMoL. This case is important in relation to cytogenetic change at 11q23 and hematopoietic abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A novel liquid-phase enzyme immunoassay AlaSTAT for IgE antibody determination].

To determine whether a novel liquid-phase enzyme immunoassay AlaSTAT for allergen-specific IgE antibody determination can be used to measure the absolute amounts of serum IgE antibodies, we examined the amounts of anti-house dust (HD) and anti-mite IgE antibodies in sera of 32 HD-sensitized allergic asthmatics and 14 normal subjects by this immunoassay. The amounts of anti-mite IgE antibody in serum measured by this immunoassay were found to be consistent with those assessed by the difference in serum total IgE proteins before and after the absorption with mite allergen (the value determined by this immunoassay was 113% of the latter one, n = 4). Neither nonspecific IgE protein (50 to 10000 IU/ml) nor the heat-inactivated blocking serum affected the measurement of allergen-specific IgE antibody by the liquid-phase immunoassay. There were strong correlations between the values of anti-HD and anti-mite IgE antibodies by RAST and those by AlaSTAT (r = 0.90, p less than 0.001 and r = 0.86, p less than 0.001, n = 46, respectively). Our results indicate that the commercially available liquid-phase allergen-specific IgE enzyme immunoassay can be used to measure the absolute amounts of serum IgE antibodies without interference of nonspecific IgE protein or IgG blocking antibody.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1990

[Neutral endopeptidase activity in human peripheral blood leukocytes].

Neutral endopeptidase (NEP; EC 3.4.24.11) efficiently hydrolyses many neuropeptides. To determine the distribution of NEP, a possible regulatory enzyme for the neuropeptide-induced leukocyte activation, among human leukocytes, we investigated the enzymatic activity of NEP in each cell type of human peripheral blood leukocytes. The activity of NEP assessed by an NEP inhibitor phosphoramidon-sensitive Met5-enkephalin degrading activity was present in neutrophils (59.0 +/- 9.1 pmol/min 10(6) cells); however, the NEP activity was virtually absent in mononuclear cells, eosinophils and basophils. Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) detected immunocytochemically with three anti-CALLA antibodies, whose amino acid sequence has been shown to be identical with that of NEP, was also found only in neutrophils, but not in other blood leukocytes. It is suggested that NEP might regulate the neuropeptide-induced activation of human neutrophils.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1990

[An anti-human eosinophil monoclonal antibody AE500 that reacts only with granulocytes from hypereosinophilic patients].

To investigate the heterogeneity of human eosinophils, we established a murine anti-human eosinophil monoclonal antibody AE500 (IgM, kappa) by immunizing blood eosinophils from patients with idiopathic eosinophilia. The reactivity of AE500 with human leukocytes was analyzed by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. AE500 reacted with all the populations of blood eosinophils and neutrophils from patients with eosinophilia (idiopathic eosinophilia, n X 4 or asthma, n =), but not with those from asthmatic patients without eosinophilia (n = 8) or normal subjects (n = 6). AE500 did not react with granulocytes from other family members of AE500-positive individuals. These results suggest that the anti-human eosinophil antibody AE500 reacts with a cell surface antigen of blood granulocytes in a hypereosinophilic state. This anti-eosinophilic antibody would be useful in investigating the mechanism of eosinophilia in a variety of diseases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Tachykinin receptor subtype that mediates the increase in vascular permeability in guinea pig skin.

To determine the tachykinin receptor subtype that mediates the increase in vascular permeability, we examined the rank order of potency of tachykinins for inducing plasma extravasation in guinea pig skin and the specificity of tachykinin-induced tachyphylaxis of the responses. Plasma extravasation of the skin induced by tachykinins was NK-1 (SP-P)-type response from the rank order of potency of mammalian and nonmammalian tachykinins. Tachyphylaxis of the vascular response was induced by intradermal preinjection of mammalian tachykinins and was tachykinin-specific. In substance P (SP) tachyphylaxis (where SP was preinjected), the response to SP, not to neurokinin A (NKA) or neurokinin B (NKB), was decreased. In NKA tachyphylaxis and NKB tachyphylaxis, the response to NKA, not to SP or NKB, and the response to NKB, not to SP or NKA, were decreased, respectively. Thus, we conclude that the apparent NK-1-type response is mediated through three mammalian tachykinin receptors, NK-1, NK-2, and NK-3, which are specifically stimulated by their preferred agonist, SP, NKA, and NKB, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Neutral endopeptidase modulates tachykinin-induced increase in vascular permeability in guinea pig skin.

To determine the regulatory role of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) in the tachykinin-induced increase in vascular permeability, we examined the effects of NEP inhibitors and of other protease inhibitors on plasma extravasation induced by intradermal injection of substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B in guinea pig skin. The three tachykinins induced plasma extravasation in concentration-dependent fashions. A significant NEP activity was found to be present in the guinea pig skin. The tachykinin-induced responses were increased by the NEP inhibitors phosphoramidon and thiorphan. However, other protease inhibitors, including a kininase II inhibitor, did not affect the response. We conclude that NEP modulates the tachykinin-induced increase in vascular permeability in the skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between anti-IgE autoantibody and severity of bronchial asthma.

To determine whether anti-IgE autoantibody (aIgE) is involved in modulating allergic asthma, we examined the relationship between the titers of aIgE and severity of asthma in 63 allergic asthmatics. The titer of aIgE in patients' sera was 14.4 +/- 17.9 units (mean +/- SD). Thirty-one patients had aIgE greater than 5 units (26.4 +/- 22.1 units), whereas 32 patients had aIgE less than 5 units (2.0 +/- 0.9 units). Patients with high aIgE (greater than 5 units) were less severe than those with low aIgE (less than 5 units) (1.65 +/- 0.42 and 2.19 +/- 0.52 of severity score, respectively; p less than 0.01). There was an inverse correlation between the titers of aIgE and the severity scores (r = -0.328; p less than 0.01). Patients with high aIgE also had lower bronchial reactivity to methacholine than those with low aIgE (556 +/- 292 and 170 +/- 182 micrograms/ml of threshold dose of inhaled methacholine, respectively; p less than 0.005). There was a significant correlation between the titers of aIgE and the threshold dose of methacholine (r = 0.499; p less than 0.01). These findings suggest that aIgE plays a protective role in bronchial hyperreactivity in allergic asthma.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1989

Differentiation in dose-response curves of airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine between asthmatics and nonasthmatics.

We compared the discriminative capacity of the parameters obtained from dose-response curves of airway resistance (Raw) to inhaled methacholine (i.e., threshold dose, slope, and maximal increase in Raw) to differentiate asthmatics from nonasthmatics. Of the three parameters, maximal increase in Raw most accurately differentiated asthmatics from nonasthmatics (% correctness was 86% in asthmatics). Furthermore, an index consisting of both threshold dose and slope more clearly differentiated asthmatics from nonasthmatics (% correctness was 94% in asthmatics) than either threshold dose or slope alone (% correctness was 68% and 54% in asthmatics, respectively). We conclude, that of the three parameters, the maximal increase in Raw or an index consisting of both threshold dose and slope is the most discriminative index in asthmatics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Mechanism of substance P-induced increase in vascular permeability in guinea pig skin].

To determine the mechanism by which substance P (SP) increases vascular permeability, we examined the potency of SP and SP fragments in inducing plasma extravasation in guinea pig skin, the effects of a histamine H1 antagonist and a muscarinic antagonist on the response, the effects of SP antagonists on the response, and the specificity of tachykinin-induced tachyphylaxis of the response. SP-induced plasma extravasation of the skin was C-terminal hexapeptide-dependent. Neither a histamine H1 antagonist nor a muscarinic antagonist inhibited the response. Two SP antagonists, which have been shown to be the most potent ones in other systems, elicited plasma extravasation in the skin by themselves, but they did not inhibit SP-induced plasma extravasation. Tachyphylaxis of SP-induced plasma extravasation was induced by intradermal preinjection of SP concentration-dependently. However, preinjection of neurokinin A or neurokinin B did not affect SP-induced plasma extravasation. We conclude that SP directly increases vascular permeability through NK-1 (SP-P) receptors in guinea pig skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A study on maternal humoral immune responses to villous trophoblast using Epstein-Barr virus].

To determine whether or not maternal antibodies are generated during pregnancy, B lymphocytes from puerperal women were transformed using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Four weeks after infection with EBV human immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were measured in the culture supernatants by ELISA. In most wells infected B lymphocytes produced a great amount of Ig. The reaction of the culture supernatants from Ig-produced wells with placental tissues of their own was examined by immunohistochemically (by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique). The second layer antibody, goat anti-human Ig peroxidase conjugate was diluted to such a concentration that it did not react to placenta sections without the first layer, that is, culture supernatants. Some of supernatants were found to have IgM which reacted to syncytiotrophoblast. Such positive staining was observed in three of ten multiparous women and in one of two primigravidas. In conclusion, it seems likely that normal pregnant women recognize trophoblasts of their own and make antibodies to them.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1989

[A case of giant mediastinal cystic lymphangioma].

A 13 year-old boy was admitted because of anterior chest pain, fever up and exertional dyspnea. Chest X-ray film showed a large mass shadow on the middle and lower lung field with positive silhouette sign. Under the ultra-sonic tomogram the mass showed cystic pattern with septum. The bloody fluid collected by puncture suggested hemorrhage into the cyst. Chest CT scan revealed a well defined cystic mass in the left thoracic space. The mass reached to the right thoracic space through behind the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC). At operation, although the tumor adjoined heart, esophagus, diaphragma and IVC, it was removed completely. Pathological diagnosis was cystic lymphangioma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of a new specific IgE assay Quidel allergy screen to skin prick test, intradermal test, and RAST].

Quidel Allergy Screen (QAS), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, has been developed for measuring IgE antibodies against 9 allergens (HD 1, HD 2, Mite 1, Mite 2, Japanese cedar, ragweed, cat dander, sweet vernal grass, and egg white) at the same time. To determine whether this assay is useful in screening allergen-specific IgE antibody, we compared the titers of IgE antibodies against the 9 allergens measured by QAS to the obtained in skin prick tests, in intradermal tests and by RAST in 93 atopic asthmatics and 25 normal subjects. We found a good agreement between the reactivity of skin prick tests and the reactivity of QAS. There was a significant correlation between the threshold doses of intradermal tests and the titers of QAS. We also found a good agreement between the reactivity of RAST and the reactivity of QAS, and a strong correlation between the titers of RAST and the titers of QAS. Thus, it is concluded that QAS is useful in screening IgE antibodies against multiple allergens simultaneously.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of bronchial rupture with a polyvinylchloride (PVC) double-lumen tube].

The patient is a 58-year-old man with a 3-months history of painful swallowing. Endoscopy and biopsy demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma of the middle one third of the esophagus. On Sept. 13, 1987, the patient underwent surgery. The patient was intubated with the PVC double-lumen tube. After the resection of esophagus, when lymphadenectomy was performed, we noticed the herniation of a bronchial cuff through the left main bronchial tear. Surgical repair of the lesion was accomplished with a continuous suture with 3-0 vicryl. Subsequent course of the patient was uneventful. Tracheobronchial rupture is rare complication of intubation with PVC double-lumen tube. This complication results from measures such as using an inadequate tube size, malpositioning the tip of the tube, or insufflating the balloon too rapidly, which dose not allow adaptation of the balloon to the tracheobronchial wall. In our case, overinflation of the bronchial balloon was probably the etiology of rupture. This was probably secondary to diffusion of nitrous oxide, rather than initial over-distension. Meticulous cares must be emphasized to avoid such complication.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1989

[A case of Morgagni's hernia complicated with esophageal hiatus hernia].

A rare case of Morgagni's hernia complicated with esophageal hiatus hernia is reported. A 85-year-old female suffered from swallowing disturbance admitted for evaluation of abnormal finding on chest X-ray film. The diagnosis was confirmed by chest roentgenogram, gastro-intestinal series and CT scan. Satisfactory repair was performed by the transabdominal approach and the postoperative course was excellent without any complication.

Aged↗