PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I J Visser

Publications and source records attributed to I J Visser.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Salmonella dublin infections in cattle, a review].

In this review Salmonella dublin infections in cattle are discussed. Pathogenic pathways and clinical symptoms in calves and cows are mentioned in addition to diagnostic methods like post mortem examination, bacteriological methods and serology. Epidemiological aspects like carrier state in cows and the survival of the bacteria in the environment are discussed. Without reliable tests to detect carriers, we suggest that control of this infection on farms must be based on prevention, improved hygiene and therapeutic measures. Vaccination can be used to improve the immunity of the herd.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Salmonella dublin on dairy farms in the North of the Netherlands].

During the last century many calves and cows with Salmonella dublin infections are diagnosed in the North of the Netherlands, especially in the province of Friesland. In this paper are retrospectively traced the problems by paratyphoid infections in cattle, from 1919 till now, the diagnosis of which was made at the Animal Health Service in Friesland and North-Netherlands. Over the decennia a decrease is noticed for the percentage of necropsies of calves with S. dublin infections, although some irregular peaks appear. However since 1988 an increase is observed in dairy farms with S. dublin problems, revealing high mortality in calves, abortions and sick cows.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Lead poisoning in cattle in Northern Netherlands. Follow-up study of 2 farms].

The after-effects of a serious lead intoxication were studied. This intoxication was caused by contaminated feed. Calves and cows of two dairy farms were examined up to half a year after the incident with the contaminated feed in October 1989. Clinical signs were observed and blood samples were taken. Blood parameters like zinc-protoporphyrin (ZPP), haemoglobin, RBC, WBC, MCV, haematocrit, MCHC, and the blood lead levels were analysed. Cattle of one of the most afflicted farms showed severe effects of lead intoxication: blindness, muscle twitching and hyperirritability. Two animals died. Forty percent of the affected cows had to be slaughtered. The ZPP levels in calves of this farm were still elevated after six months. The zinc-protoporphyrin level in blood seemed to coincide better with the clinical signs than the blood lead level. Animals with less than 3 mg ZPP/l RBC showed no irreversible effects of the lead intoxication. It is suggested that ZPP could be a useful predictor for the after-effects of lead intoxication.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Necropsy findings in fattening pigs during the period 1979-1989].

Necropsy findings of 1041 fattening pigs, during the period of 1979-1989 are presented. The pigs originated from one veterinary practice association. Enterotoxicosis associated with E. coli serotype O149:K91:K88 was the most prevalent diagnosis, followed by fibrinous pleuropneumonia due to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. A decrease was noticed for Aujeszky disease during the late years. After 1985 an increase was found for torsio mesenterialis. In 1.7% of the cases no post mortem diagnosis could be made.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Pasteurella haemolytica serotypes in cattle].

Eight-two bovine Pasteurella haemolytica strains were serotyped. The majority of the strains were isolated from calves which had died from fibrinous pneumonia and small numbers from cases of pleuritis, sepsis and abortion. A total of eight different serotypes were noticed. Serotype A1 was found to be the most prevalent 37.8 per cent, followed by serotype A2 with 20.7 per cent. Antibiotic resistance was found for sulfonamide, tetracycline and penicillin in about half of all strains. Conventional combination of biotype to serotype per strain was not confirmed by the results of arabinose and trehalose fermentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Total CK and CK-BB activity in serum from sheep with scrapie.

Total CK and iso-enzyme CK-BB activity was measured in serum from four sheep with scrapie and in serum from four healthy control sheep. Blood samples were taken weekly for about six months. There was a clear overlap between the total CK and CK-BB activity in serum from sheep with scrapie and that in serum from control sheep. Thus measurement of these enzymes does not aid the clinical diagnosis of scrapie.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Relationship between pathological findings and values of haematological and blood-chemistry variables in apparently healthy finishing pigs at slaughter.

The present study was performed to study possibilities of early decision making for appropriate conveyor-line at future slaughtering of normal, clinically healthy finishing pigs. Blood was collected at slaughter from barrows (n = 112). A meticulous examination for subclinical pathological lesions was performed, revealing 5 groups of subjects listed in order of increasing disease-activity: 1--no real disease-activity; 2--with mild subchronic lesions; 3--with subacute lesions; 4--with abscesses; and 5--with fibrinous-necrotic lesions. Significant differences for values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), protein, albumin, globulins, and plasma viscosity appeared to occur in this series. It is suggested that measuring acute phase reactants in blood of slaughtered pigs in the near future may reveal appropriate modern tools for meat inspection and predicting slaughtered animal quality.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1991

[Veterinary pathology: a vital specialism within veterinary medicine].

Pathology is by definition an entity of major importance in medical science. Within medical care, pathologists are involved in cytopathological, histopathological and post mortem examinations. The value of post mortem examinations is discussed with reference to the value of the autopsy within human medical science. In veterinary medicine, veterinary pathology has to be incorporated in highly qualified veterinary medical care, has to participate in the quality assessment and the quality control of veterinary medical care, and has to be involved in the required continuing education of veterinarians. In addition, veterinary pathology is involved in basic research and research with regard to human health control.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A horse seropositive for Ehrlichia risticii].

A four year old Dutch warmblooded mare was born and raised in the province of North-Brabant, the Netherlands. On May 16, 1989, she showed signs of colic, anorexia, depression, ileus, severe dehydration and leukopenia. When the mare collapsed, euthanasia was carried out. Acute colitis and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in macrophages were observed at autopsy. When an indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed, the Ehrlichia risticii titre of the serum was found to be 1:640.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Changes in haematological and clinicochemical profiles in blood of apparently healthy slaughter pigs, collected at the farm and at slaughter, in relation to the severity of pathological-anatomical lesions.

Differences in haematological and clinicochemical profiles of blood of apparently healthy slaughter pigs collected at the farm and at slaughter were investigated in relation to the severity of pathological-anatomical lesions. For this purpose blood-samples of castrated male pigs were collected once at seven different farms and from the same pigs one to three days later at the slaughterhouse. In general, as far as the investigated blood variables are concerned, there were distinct and significant differences in the mean values between farm and slaughter blood-samples. As a rule the mean values of the investigated blood variables were higher in the slaughter blood than in the farm blood. The effects are most pronounced for leucocyte concentration and for the activity of the enzymes creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT). For the blood variables albumin, lymphocytes and magnesium there were significant, but not so strong interactions between the sites of blood-sampling and the groups, which were classified according to the severity of pathological-anatomical lesions. Despite the fact that there were significant differences in the mean values of blood profiles of the slaughter pigs between the sites of blood sampling, this effect was only manifest as a difference in the level of the values of the blood variables. This means that clinicochemical and haematological profiles from groups of pigs at slaughter reflect the herd's health status at the farm and can be used when monitoring it.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1991

The influence of disease on feed and water consumption and on pharmacokinetics of orally administered oxytetracycline in pigs.

In the present study the feed and water consumption and pharmacokinetic parameters of orally administered oxytetracycline were compared in clinically healthy pigs and in the same pigs following a challenge with Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae toxins. Endobronchial challenge with A. pleuropneumniae toxins was accompanied by anorexia, increased lassitude, labored breathing, fever, and increased white blood cell counts. Pleuropneumonia was evident in all pigs on autopsy. Following the challenge, both feed and water consumption were markedly reduced. In contrast to recommendations in the literature, it is concluded that drugs should not be administered to pneumonic pigs via water. In healthy pigs the oral bioavailability of oxytetracycline (50 mg/kg), given on an empty stomach, was 4.8% and the elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) was 5.92 h. After challenge, the pigs showed great variation in oxytetracycline plasma concentrations. In addition, the mean computed elimination rate constant (beta), t1/2 beta, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), and clearance in pneumonic pigs differed significantly (P less than .05) from the values found in healthy pigs. The elimination half-life (t1/2 beta), AUC, and volume of distribution (Vd area) were increased. In diseased pigs the mean of maximum plasma concentrations (.87 micrograms/ml) was reached after 7 h, in contrast to 1.74 h (1.87 micrograms/ml) in the healthy pigs.

Actinobacillus Infections↗
PubMed1990

[Lead poisoning in cattle in north Netherlands. October 1989-January 1990].

By the end of 1989 a serious lead intoxication of cattle occurred in the northern part of the Netherlands (provinces Groningen and Friesland). This intoxication appeared to be caused by contaminated feed. Over 300 farms were stricken, with about 15,500 animals (mostly dairy cattle). In a period of one to four weeks these animals consumed about 1,000 kg of lead. This resulted in lead levels in milk, livers, and kidneys above the regulatory safety limits. Thanks to the chelating therapy that was rapidly applied by the local veterinarians, only about 30 animals died of an acute lead intoxication. The cooperating governmental and private authorities took action to prevent exposure of consumers to lead-contaminated animal products. Based on careful estimations, predictions were made of the lead levels to be expected in animals products and the time needed for depletion of these levels. The appropriate animals were marked to ensure their identification, and the decline in time of the lead levels in milk and offals was conscientiously monitored. In the second week of 1990 the lead concentrations were decreased to levels well below the regulatory limits, and hence the marks were removed from the animals.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1990

[Pasteurella haemolytica serotyping].

Forty-nine strains of Pasteurella haemolytica were serotyped in a pilot study. The majority of strains were isolated from sheep which had died from fibrinous pneumonia and small numbers from cases of sepsis, polyserositis, mastitis and meningitis. Serotype A2 was found to be the most prevalent: 69.4 per cent. In addition, serotype A7 with 18.4 per cent and serotypes A1 and A6, both 6.1 per cent, were identified. Biotype T strains were not detected in this study. Further research is required into the seasonal prevalence of P. haemolytica serotypes in sheep and cattle. This knowledge may help to improve herd health schemes for sheep and cattle in the Netherlands.

Hemagglutination Tests↗
PubMed1990

Haematology and blood-chemistry for predicting abscesses and other abnormalities in slaughtered pigs.

Blood values of slaughtered pigs were determined in an attempt to relate the blood profile with the prevalence of abscesses. To this end 319 pigs were selected and grouped into classes on the basis of pathological ante- and post-mortem findings. The classes thus distinguished were (i) no pathology, (ii) pleurisy or pneumonia and (iii) abscesses occurring singly, metastasised or in combination with other abnormalities. By stepwise discriminant analysis it was established that the blood variables ln(fibrinogen) and albumin were particularly suitable for the detection of abscesses in slaughtered pigs. In this way a correct classification of 89.3% of affected pigs is possible. The numbers of false-positives and false-negatives were 19.3% and 10.7%, respectively. For meat-inspection purposes application of blood analyses is promising. For application in meat-inspection practice rapid on-line methods need to be devised.

Abattoirs↗