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Biomedical subjects

I Jacobsen

Publications and source records attributed to I Jacobsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during transient myocardial ischaemia in patients with angina pectoris and silent ischaemia.

We compared the change in left ventricular ejection fraction during rest and exercise in 14 patients with angina pectoris and 14 patients with silent ischaemia. All patients had ischaemia defined as reversible defects at an exercise thallium myocardial scintigraphy. In the patients with angina pectoris the ejection fraction decreased from 44.0% (+/- 1 SD 13.4) at rest to 39.5% (+/- 1 SD 11.2) during exercise (p = 0.044). In the patients with silent ischaemia the ejection fraction decreased from 43.5% (+/- 1 SD 14.0) to 39.8% (+/- 1 SD 13.9) (p = 0.045). The fall in left ventricular ejection fraction in the two groups was almost identical (p = 0.77). This study confirms with a sensitive detection of transient ischaemia that silent ischaemia is accompanied with a fall in ejection fraction during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The influence of dietary tea, coffee and cocoa on protein and energy utilization of soya-bean meal and barley in rats.

Two series of balance experiments were performed with growing rats to test the effect of black tea, green tea, coffee and cocoa on protein and energy utilization. In Expt 1 soya-bean meal was fed as a basal diet and supplemented with freeze-dried materials from 11 black tea, green tea or coffee/500 g dry matter. Cocoa powder, corresponding to 11 of the beverage, was also added to the basal diet. In Expt 2 the procedure was repeated with a barley-based diet. In both experiments both tea varieties and coffee had significantly negative effects on true protein digestibility and biological value, while digestible energy was only slightly affected in the barley-based diet. Cocoa had no effect on protein or energy utilization in either soya-bean meal or barley diets, although the protein in cocoa powder was completely indigestible. As the tannin concentration in both tea varieties and coffee was very high it is assumed that the observed deleterious effects might, in part, be explained by anti-nutritional effects of tannin. The strongest deleterious effect was recorded for black tea.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

The effect of amino acid imbalance on nitrogen retention (biological value) in rats.

1. Three series of nitrogen balance experiments were performed with growing rats to test the effect of amino acid imbalance on protein utilization. In Expt 1 egg protein was fed as a basal diet and supplemented with one amino acid at a time in the amounts originally found in egg protein. In Expt 2 the procedure was repeated with a barley diet, and in Expt 3 egg and potato proteins were fed together in various combinations. 2. Doubling the single amino acids, especially arginine, in an egg-protein diet reduced biological value (BV) markedly. Also the branched-chain and the basic amino acids reduced BV significantly. In the barley-based diets negative effects were also observed when the concentration of the single amino acid was doubled. However, it was assumed that the observed deleterious effects of amino acid excess were partly due to an exaggerated lysine deficiency in the barley protein when non-limiting amino acid excess were added. 3. The results with various combinations of egg and potato proteins showed that as potato protein was increased true protein digestibility decreased linearly, whereas BV decreased curvilinearly. Maximum protein utilization was obtained with egg protein alone.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

Clinical problems in the mixed dentition: traumatized teeth--evaluation, treatment and prognosis.

Injuries to anterior teeth of children seem to be increasing. After conducting a thorough examination it is useful to classify the injury as a guide to treatment. Injury can be classified as crown fracture, crown-root fracture, root fracture, subluxation or loosening of the tooth, luxation or dislocation and, finally, exarticulation. The appropriate form of treatment for each class of injury is discussed and an indication of the expected success rate is given. Absence of a positive response to vitality tests is not by itself sufficient to warrant a diagnosis of pulp necrosis. It must be supported by other evidence such as a grey discoloration of the tooth or radiographic evidence of periapical involvement.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Criteria for diagnosis of pulp necrosis in traumatized permanent incisors.

Records and radiographs of 108 patients (6-18 years) with 134 root canal treated incisors were examined. Subluxation was the most common type of injury, followed by intrusive, extrusive or lingual luxation, exarticulation and uncomplicated crown fracture. Negative response to electric stimulation was noted in 107 teeth from the first examination. In 23 teeth an initial positive response changed to negative within 3 weeks to 9 months, whereas persistent positive reactions were recorded in four teeth. The diagnosis of necrosis was based on the following observations: negative vitality and radiographic changes (76 teeth), negative vitality and discoloration (45 teeth), negative vitality only (nine teeth), positive vitality and radiographic changes (four teeth). External inflammatory root resorption confirmed the diagnosis of necrosis in all replanted teeth and in 13 of 16 intruded teeth. Discoloration and periapical lesions were the most important diagnostic factors following subluxation, extrusive and lingual luxation. Necrosis was disclosed within 4 months in 117 teeth (87%). Diagnoses based on negative vitality and discoloration were made within 6 days to 3 months in all but one case. All external root resorptions and 37 of the 49 periapical lesions were observed within 3 weeks to 4 months of the injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Diagnosis and treatment of pulp necrosis in permanent anterior teeth with root fracture.

A follow-up study was made of 20 traumatized permanent incisors with pulp necrosis observed as a sequel to root fracture. The material included 19 patients aged 8-17 years (mean 11.6 years) at the time of injury. Negative response to electric stimulation was noted in 16 teeth from the first examination. In four teeth an initial positive response changed to negative within 2-9 months. The negative response was supported by additional signs and symptoms of necrosis in 19 teeth. Radiolucencies adjacent to the fracture line or coronal discolorations were the most important diagnostic factors. Discolorations occurred within 2 months, whereas radiographic changes in the fracture area took from 3 to 5 months to develop. Four teeth were extracted without attempting endodontic therapy. Endodontic treatment confined to the coronal fragment was performed in 16 teeth. In most cases the canal was filled temporarily with calcium hydroxide until a closure at the fracture site was observed. Two apical fragments showing radiographic changes were surgically removed in conjunction with the permanent filling of the coronal fragments. During the postoperative observation period one tooth was extracted due to communication between the fracture area and the oral cavity. The treatment of the remaining 15 teeth was judged as successful after a mean observation period of 4.2 years, ranging from 2 to 5 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Traumatized primary anterior teeth. Prognosis related to calcific reactions in the pulp cavity.

The frequency of a complicating pulp necrosis and the process of the physiologic root resorption were studied in traumatized primary teeth exhibiting partial or total pulp obliteration. The material comprised 88 incisors in 72 children aged 0.7--5.7 years (mean 2.9 years) at the time of injury. Trauma had resulted either in subluxation (25 teeth), or luxation (13 teeth), whereas the type of injury was unknown in 50 teeth. All cases were observed until eruption of the permanent incisors. Forty-four teeth initially displayed a reversible greyish color. The ultimate finding observed in all teeth was, however, varying degrees of yellow discoloration. Periapical pathologic findings indicative of pulp necrosis were observed in 9 teeth, from 1.6--4 years (mean 3 years) after the time of injury. Extraction was performed immediately, and none of the successional teeth showed developmental disturbances. The process of root resorption was classified as normal in all primary teeth. Subsequent eruption of the permanent successors occurred without any registered complications.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Long-term prognosis of traumatized permanent anterior teeth showing calcifying processes in the pulp cavity.

122 traumatized teeth with radiographic evidence of abnormal hard tissue formation in the pulp cavity were examined 10-23 years (mean 16 years) after the time of injury. Judged radiographically, partial obliteration (pulp chamber not discernible, root canal markedly narrowed but clearly visible) had occurred in 44 teeth (36%). Normal periradicular conditions were found in all teeth with partial obliteration. Seventy-eight teeth (64%) were recorded as totally obliterated. Pathologic periradicular changes indicating pulp necrosis as a sequel to the total obliteration was observed in 16 teeth (21%). The late development of pulp necrosis was significantly related to teeth classified as severely injured, and to teeth with complete root formation at the time of injury. Furthermore, a comparatively rapid progress of the calcifying process appeared to be correlated with periradicular radiolucency.

Dental Pulp Calcification↗
PubMed1976

Root fractures in permanent anterior teeth with incomplete root formation.

A follow-up study was made of seven teeth with incomplete root formation observed in a group of 66 permanent teeth with root fracture. Three fractures were overlooked on the initial radiographs, two other teeth were suspected of being fractured, and an accurate diagnosis was made in two cases only. All teeth exhibited markedly increased mobility at the initial examination, and slight dislocation of the coronal fragment was found in two teeth. Following reduction (two teeth) and fixation (all teeth), the observation period ranged from 1 1/2 to 19 years. Retained pulp vitality, repair in the fracture area and, most important, approximately normal root development with closure of the apical foramen were observed in all teeth. Even the occurrence of re-fracture in two semmingly repaired teeth did not jeopardize the long-term result.

Child↗
PubMed1975

Repair characteristics of root fractures in permanent anterior teeth.

A follow-up study was made of repaired root fractures in 51 permanent anterior teeth, with a mean observation period of 6 years. The material was subdivided into three repair types (Figs. 1-3): Type 1 - invisible or hardly discernible fracture line (15 teeth), Type 2 - fragments separated by a narrow radiolucent line and peripheral rounding of the fracture edges (33 teeth), and Type 3 - fragments separated by a distinct bony bridge (3 teeth). The majority of repaired teeth gave a normal or slightly decreased response to electric pulp tests and the mobility was physiologic or slightly increased. Reduced transparency or slight yellowish discoloration was observed in 14 teeth. The most conspicuous radiographic finding was pulp obliteration which occurred in 86%. Two different patterns were observed: (1) partial obliteration located in the apical fragments and the fracture area, and extending 0.5-4 mm into the coronal fragment, and (2) progressive obliteration of the entire pulp cavity ending with almost total obliteration. Pulp necrosis did not develop as a sequel to progressive obliteration in any case. Several different characteristics of the fracture influenced the repair pattern, the most important being the degree of fragment dislocation and mobility, stage of root development and localization of the fracture. Correlation between type of repair and various treatment procedures was observed only with regard to reduction.

Adolescent↗