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Biomedical subjects

I Karaman

Publications and source records attributed to I Karaman.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Outcome of primary peritoneal drainage for perforated necrotizing enterocolitis: comparison between laparotomy and drainage.

Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract in neonates is still associated with high mortality rates. Laparotomy is usually required to treat gastrointestinal perforation, however peritoneal drainage under local anesthesia has been also described as an alternative mode of treatment. In our institute, laparotomy was the first choice for the management of gastrointestinal perforation in neonates until 1999. Because of the high mortality rates in this group of patients, our policy has since changed to the use of primary peritoneal drainage instead. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of primary peritoneal drainage (PPD) and primary laparotomy (PL) procedures in the management of gastrointestinal perforation due to necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates. Between 1994 - 1998, ten babies with intestinal perforation underwent PL, whereas fifteen newborns with similar findings were treated with PPD between 1999 and 2003. Eight (80 %) of the patients died in the PL group prior to 1999. In the PPD group 8 (53.3 %) of babies required no further treatment and were discharged without any complications. Four (26.7 %) patients in this group needed laparotomy later, and three (75 %) of them survived. In conclusion, we believe that PPD is more effective than PL for the management of perforated necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates. Laparotomy can be used in particularly unresponsive cases after primary peritoneal drainage.

Drainage↗
PubMed2004

Antimicrobial effects of Quercus ilex L. extract.

The antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract of Quercus ilex L. (Pirnal oak) leaves were tested in vitro against a wide range of human and plant-associated microorganisms. A total of 132 microbial organisms belonging to 55 bacteria and five fungi and yeast species were studied using a disc-diffusion method and microdilution assays. The results were evaluated as inhibition zones around the disc impregnated with Q. ilex extract at a concentration of 300 micro L/mL. The results showed that Q. ilex did not have any antifungal activities against Alterneria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillum spp., whereas there were inhibition effects on the growth of all Candida albicans isolates. In total 97 bacterial strains (74%) were found to be resistant to Q. ilex extract. The remaining 35 (27%) strains of seven different bacteria genera including Brucella, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Neisseria, Pseudomonas and Escherichia were susceptible to the extract tested. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extract ranged from 125 to 500 micro L/mL. These results suggest that Q. ilex possesses compounds with antibacterial and anticandidal properties.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed2004

TAR syndrome with annular pancreas and anal atresia - a case report.

TAR syndrome is manifested by the presence of hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and the bilateral absence of radii. An 8-day-old female newborn was referred to our clinic with diagnosis of TAR syndrome and symptoms of intestinal obstruction. On perineal examination she also had anal atresia with rectovestibular fistula. Because of persistent bile-stained drainage from the nasogastric tube, an upper gastrointestinal contrast study was performed and partial duodenal obstruction was detected. At operation, an annular pancreas was encountered and side-to-side duodenoduodenostomy was performed. A small number of gastrointestinal system malformations associated with TAR syndrome has been reported. Our case is unique; the association with annular pancreas and anal atresia with rectovestibular fistula has never been previously reported.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of closed-tube thoracostomy and open thoracotomy procedures in the management of thoracic empyema in childhood.

PURPOSE: There is still an argument concerning the correct management of pleural empyema. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of closed-tube thoracostomy and open thoracotomy procedures in the management of empyema in children. METHODS: This is a prospective study of 30 patients with parapneumonic empyema who were managed randomly either by closed-tube thoracostomy or open thoracotomy procedures. The two procedures were compared based on the respective times to achieving normal body temperature and breath rates, duration of tube drainage, length of hospitalization, and complication rates. Both groups were also assessed by comparing tube drainage duration, pleural fluid pH, agent pathogen and glucose level. RESULTS: Average tube duration was 7.5 +/- 1.1 days and average hospital stay was 9.5 +/- 1.5 days in the open thoracotomy group. In the closed tube thoracostomy group tube, duration was 13.8 +/- 2.3 days and average hospital stay 15.4 +/- 2.3 days. In the open thoracotomy group 73.3% of the patients had achieved normal body temperature and 66.7 % had a normal breath rate within the first 48 hours. In the closed tube thoracostomy group these rates were 40% and 20%, respectively. In both groups, tube drainage duration was found to be longer in patients whose pleural fluid pH was < 7.2. CONCLUSION: The authors conclude that open thoracotomy is a safe, efficient, and easy method of treatment for pleural empyema in children. It was also observed that pleural fluid pH level is the most important prognostic criteria in pleural empyema.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L.

Aqueous and methanol extracts of the leaves of Juniperus oxycedrus were investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial properties. The plant was collected from Pelitli Village of Gebze, Kocaeli, in the Marmara region of Turkey. Juniperus oxycedrus is widely used as traditional folk medicine in Turkey for treatment of different infectious diseases. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts against 143 laboratory strains belonging to 56 bacterial species, and 31 isolates of 5 fungi species were evaluated based on the inhibition zone using the disc-diffusion assay, minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. The aqueous extract of J. oxycedrus had no antimicrobial effect against the test microorganisms whereas the methanol extract had inhibitory effects on the growth of 57 strains of 24 bacterial species in the genera of Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevundimonas, Brucella, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Xanthomonas. In addition 11 Candida albicans isolates at a concentration of 31.25-250 micro g/ml were also inhibited.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of Satureja hortensis L.

The present study was designated to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of methonol and hexane extracts of Satureja hortensis L. which is an annual herb used as traditional folk medicine in Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey for the treatment of different infectious diseases and disorders. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts against 147 laboratory strains belong to 55 bacterial species, and 31 isolates of 1 yeast and 4 fungi species were tested by using disc diffusion assay. The results showed that hexane extract of Satureja hortensis had no antifungal, but antibacterial activity against four strains of three Bacillus species whereas methanol extract of Satureja hortensis had both anticandidal and antibacterial effects. It inhibited the growth of 23 strains of 11 bacterial species and 6 isolates of Candida albicans, at the concentration of 300microg/ml. Satureja hortensis did not show antimicrobial activity against the remaining microorganisms (83%) tested including most and all of the clinic and plant pathogenic microorganisms, respectively. Methanol extract showed stronger and broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity as compared to hexane extract.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

Multicentral clinical evaluation of the aetiology of erectile dysfunction: a survey report.

Patients with erectile dysfunction, who admitted to 4 different urological centres in Turkey were evaluated in terms of aetiological factors to establish the aetiology of erectile dysfunction in our population and compare it with the data derived from Western communities. After the history, physical examination, psychological evaluation and laboratory testing, a clinical diagnosis was established as primarily psychogenic, organic, or mixed aetiology. Mean patient age was 43.5 years (range 17 to 69), and 9 of the patients were unmarried. Of the patients 53 had vascular risk factors, and 10 reported a history of alcohol abuse. Eleven patients were using drugs that might interfere with the disorder. In this multicentral study of 115 impotent men, an organic cause was found in 43%, psychogenic in 47%, and mixed in 19%. Mean age of the overall patients was 43.48. When the ages of the patients with organic erectile dysfunction and those with psychogenic erectile dysfunction were compared, it was clearly seen that those with organic erectile dysfunction were much older (52.73 versus 33.02).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of histopathologists' workloads in two pathology departments in Croatia.

AIM: To calculate workloads of Departments of Pathology and staff histopathologists at two Croatian University Hospitals by means of the Suvarna and Kay's Kim Unit (KU) activity index. METHOD: The total number of specimens and KU activity/year were calculated to compare staff pathologists' workload in two Pathology Departments, one at Split and the other at Zagreb University Hospital. The individual specimen types were assigned a difficulty score on a scale of 1-5 units (KUs), depending on the time needed for specimen dissection and macroscopic description, number of sections and stains required, and time spent on microscopy of an "average case". KU activity was calculated for all pathologists individually in terms of histology (1-5 KUs), autopsy (10 KUs), supervision of residents, and outside consultations (2 KUs). RESULTS: According to calculated Kim Unit activity index, pathologists' workload in two investigated pathology departments was not equally spread. In the Split Department of Pathology the distribution of workload was more uniform than in the Zagreb Department of Pathology. The average workload of both institutions was 4,562 KUs. CONCLUSION: KU activity index is a very useful method for assessing average pathologists' workload. It may be also used in hospital administration for predicting changes in service and number of working pathologists.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2000

Ruptured intracranial aneurysm associated with isolated aortic arch interruption.

Interruption of the aortic arch is a very rare congenital defect consisting of discontinuity between the ascending and descending aorta. Few patients survive to adulthood, due to effective collateral arterial flow to the descending aorta. An intracranial aneurysm is reported in only one patient with aortic arch interruption. We report a 16-year-old boy with an isolated aortic arch interruption and a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The crowned dens syndrome: a rare form of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

The crowned dens syndrome has been termed as acute neck pain ascribed to CPPD deposits associated with a tomographic appearance of calcification surrounding the odontoid process. This rare entity resulting in cervical cord compression is generally seen in older female patients. We present a 26-year-old woman with cervical cord compression due to massive calcification in the periodontoid area and discuss the X-ray and CT findings of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Acupuncture and hypnotic suggestions in the treatment of non-organic male sexual dysfunction.

We have examined the effects of acupuncture and hypnotic suggestions, and compared them with placebo in the treatment of male sexual dysfunction with no detectable organic cause. The study comprised 15 men (mean age 36.7 +/- 10.43 years) who received acupuncture treatment, 16 men (mean age 38.4 +/- 10.75 years) who underwent hypnosis (mean age 35.3 +/- 11.52 years) and 29 men (mean age 36.2 +/- 11.38 years) who served as controls. They were interviewed periodically; the patients' reports were verified by interviewing their partners. Men who received placebo had a 43-47% improvement in sexual function, while the rates of improvement in the treated groups were higher, but not significantly so. The success rates of acupuncture and hypnotic suggestions were 60% and 75% respectively. Although the improvement was not statistically significant, treatment with acupuncture could be used as an adjuvant therapy in non-organic male sexual dysfunction. The only treatment superior to placebo seemed to be hypnosis. A more effective treatment may be obtained by combining these therapeutic modalities, but this needs further study.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ectopic thymic tissue: a cause of emphysema in infants.

Ectopic thymic tissue can present a diagnostic dilemma when it is located in the posterior mediastinum. The diagnosis can be made by awareness of it and by use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Rarely, ectopic thymus are reported to cause airway obstruction. In infants ectopic thymic tissue should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of secondary pneumonias and emphysema especially located in the upper lung zones.

Choristoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is endothelial function impaired in erectile dysfunction patients?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) and vascular disease are thought to be linked at the level of the endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction, resulting in the inability of the smooth muscle cells lining the arterioles to relax, prevents vasodilatation. Likewise, penile erection depends on the relaxation of smooth muscle in the corpus cavernosum and the wall of small arteries. The aim was to assess the systemic vascular function in patients with ED. In all, 32 ED patients diagnosed with Doppler Ultrasound and the International Index of Erectile Function-5-item questionnaire and 25 healthy men as a control group enrolled to the study. They all underwent the tests including serum glucose and lipid levels. Echocardiography and exercise stress test was performed routinely. Baseline demographics (body mass index, heart rate and blood pressures), fasting glucose and lipid levels were not significantly different between ED and control groups. Endothelial-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation and brachial artery response to 0.4 mg nitroglycerine (NTG) were measured. Participants were negative on exercise stress test, and echocardiographic parameters including ejection fraction were similar. Endothelial-dependent brachial artery percent diameter change with flow-mediated dilatation (6.01+/-2.9 vs 12.3+/-3.5) and brachial artery response to NTG (12.8+/-4.2 vs 17.8+/-5.2) were significantly different between groups (P<0.001). We found that endothelial function was impaired in ED patients with no apparent cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. This impaired function might be explained by the abnormality in systemic nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate vasodilator system and suggest that ED and vascular disease may be linked at the level of the endothelium.

Endothelial Cells↗