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Biomedical subjects

I Kaur

Publications and source records attributed to I Kaur.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Multiple linear eccrine spiradenomas with eyelid involvement.

Eccrine spiradenoma is an uncommon tumour of the sweat gland and usually occurs as a solitary small painful nodule. Very rarely, it may present as multiple tumours arranged in a linear/zosteriform fashion. We present the case of a 23-year-old female who had multiple spiradenomas arranged linearly from the midline of forehead to the left corner of the mouth and a few lesions also on the margin of the left eyelid. The lesions were probably along the Blaschko's lines. Tumours were excised surgically in stages. Literature search revealed only 13 reported cases of linear/zosteriform/naevoid multiple spiradenomas and only four cases of solitary spiradenoma of the eyelid. The review of reported cases suggests that arrangement of tumours in a linear/zosteriform pattern is an important diagnostic clue for multiple (naevoid) spiradenomas.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed2001

Gas chromatographic determination of 1,4-dioxane at low parts-per-million levels in glycols.

1,4-Dioxane is a flammable liquid and tends to form explosive peroxides. Its formation in glycols (low parts-per-million levels), which are used as dehumidifying agents in refineries, may take place by condensation. 1,4-Dioxane thus formed gets distilled over with benzene in the refinery process. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and determine the levels of 1,4-dioxane in glycols as well as benzene. Gas chromatography (GC) is probably the best technique for this purpose. GC analysis may be carried out using a flame ionization detector. Results show that 1,4-dioxane can be comfortably determined down to 2 ppm in glycols and benzene.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Costs of asthma treatment in Estonia.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of the direct costs of asthma in Estonia by the type of treatment received and to differentiate the costs by age of patients. METHODS: Data were obtained from the databases of national health insurance offices. Persons who had been in a hospital or visited a doctor because of asthma and who also purchased anti-asthmatic drugs during 1997 were identified. The bills of all direct costs of health insurance for each asthma patient could thus be summarised. The data on all purchases of drugs were used to follow the patterns of drug treatment of asthma. RESULTS: The mean annual treatment costs of one asthma patient were 118 EUR. The costs of hospital care accounted for 27%, costs of ambulatory care for 20% and costs of pharmacotherapy for 53% of all treatment costs. Beta-agonists and corticosteroids for inhalation accounted for more than 80% of prescriptions and 90% of pharmacotherapy costs in patients under 45 years. The users of oral corticosteroids had twice as high per capita annual asthma treatment costs as compared to non-users. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of out-patient visits, hospital admissions, number of prescriptions, total costs and costs of pharmaceuticals increased in parallel with age. The total estimated direct costs of asthma diagnosis and treatment during 1997, as extrapolated from the study population, were 2.1 million EUR, and accounted for 1.4% of direct health care costs in Estonia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Psychiatric morbidity in vitiligo and psoriasis: a comparative study from India.

In a tertiary-care teaching hospital in India, dermatology outpatients with vitiligo (N=113) and psoriasis (N=103) were studied for psychiatric morbidity. The two groups were similar with regard to education, locality, religion, and attitude to appearance (ATT). Psoriasis cases were older, more often male, and more often married. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) assessed psychiatric morbidity rates at 33.63% and 24.7% for vitiligo and psoriasis, respectively. The ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses in GHQ positive cases were: adjustment disorder (56% vs 62%), depressive episode (22% vs 29%) and dysthymia (9% vs 4%) in vitiligo and psoriasis, respectively. The Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) assessed that depression, anxiety, and total psychopathology levels were similar in the two GHQ positive subgroups. Significant correlations were noted between psychopathology (GHQ CRPS), dysfunction as per Dysfunction Analysis Questionnaire (DAQ), and behavior change as per Impact of Skin Disease Scale (IMPACT), and all were more prominent in vitiligo.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of calcipotriol and coal tar in conjunction with sun exposure in chronic plaque psoriasis: a pilot study.

This study was a left-right comparison of the efficacy of 0.005% calcipotriol ointment and 5% coal tar ointment in conjunction with sun exposure in 10 patients with stable plaque psoriasis. After four weeks of therapy, the calcipotriol treated site showed a significantly faster fall in PASI compared to the coal tar treated site. At eight weeks, this difference was not significant with both sides showing comparable improvement in lesions, as shown by PASI values. There were no significant side effects from either therapy. We conclude that both calcipotriol and coal tar ointments have comparable efficacy in treating stable plaque psoriasis when used simultaneously with sun exposure, although the initial response to calcipotriol is faster.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2001

Vitiligo: a retrospective comparative analysis of treatment modalities in 500 patients.

The major non-surgical re-pigmenting therapies for vitiligo include psoralens and corticosteroids, used both topically and systemically. In an attempt to determine the best therapeutic option, we compared the efficacy of various treatment regimens used in our department for the treatment of vitiligo. We report herein our results with six different regimens used in our clinic. Data from five hundred vitiligo patients who attended the pigmentary disorders clinic at the Nehru Hospital, PGI, Chandigarh, was analysed. For the purpose of analysis, patients were arbitrarily divided into two groups based upon the body surface area (BSA) involved: Group A (<10% BSA involved) and B (>10% BSA involved). Group A was further divided into three subgoups of patients depending upon what treatment they received: R-I [topical clobetasol propionate+sun exposure]; R-II [topical psoralen+sun exposure (topical PUVASOL)]; R-III [topical psoralen+UVA (topical PUVA)]. Group B was also subdivided into three subgroups of patients who received: R-IV [oral dexamethasone pulse therapy + sun exposure]; R-V [systemic psoralen + sun exposure (systemic PUVASOL)]; R-VI [systemic psoralen + UVA (systemic PULVA)]. Patients who had undergone, one of the above mentioned regimens and had a regular monthly follow up until total re-pigmentation or for at least one year, whichever was earlier, were included in the final assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of that regimen. At the end of the study in Group A, 207 (89%) patients out of 232 on R-I; 73 (93%) out of 78 on R-II, and 15 (79%) out of 19 patients on R-III showed moderate to excellent re-pigmentation, respectively. In group B, 45 (81%) patients out of 55 on R-IV, 48 (84%) out of 57 on RV, and 22 (84%) patients out of 26 on R-VI showed moderate to excellent re-pigmentation. Statistically, in Group A, R-I & II were significantly better than R-III. However in Group B, there was no significant difference in the responses to R-IV, V, and VI. A positive family history of vitiligo did not seem to affect the response rate. Potent topical steroids used along with sun exposure and topical PUVASOL were the most effective forms of therapy for localised vitiligo. For the generalised form of the disease, we concluded that all the systemic modalities, oral steroids, PUVASOL and PUVA, are equally efficacious over a period of one year. Phototoxic reactions were, however, more common with PUVASOL.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Dial 1097 (toll free).

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2001

Decreased non-MHC-restricted (CD56+) killer cell cytotoxicity after spaceflight.

Cytotoxic activity of non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted (CD56+) (NMHC) killer cells and cell surface marker expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined before and after spaceflight. Ten astronauts (9 men, 1 woman) from two space shuttle missions (9- and 10-day duration) participated in the study. Blood samples were collected 10 days before launch, within 3 h after landing, and 3 days after landing. All peripheral blood mononuclear cell preparations were cryopreserved and analyzed simultaneously in a 4-h cytotoxicity (51)Cr release assay using K562 target cells. NMHC killer cell lytic activity was normalized per 1,000 CD56+ cells. When all 10 subjects were considered as one study group, NMHC killer cell numbers did not change significantly during the three sampling periods, but at landing lytic activity had decreased by approximately 40% (P < 0.05) from preflight values. Nine of ten astronauts had decreased lytic activity immediately after flight. NMHC killer cell cytotoxicity of only three astronauts returned toward preflight values by 3 days after landing. Consistent with decreased NMHC killer cell cytotoxicity, urinary cortisol significantly increased after landing compared with preflight levels. Plasma cortisol and ACTH levels at landing were not significantly different from preflight values. No correlation of changes in NMHC killer cell function or hormone levels with factors such as age, gender, mission, or spaceflight experience was found. After landing, expression of the major lymphocyte surface markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD16, CD56), as determined by flow cytometric analysis, did not show any consistent changes from measurements made before flight.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2001

Involvement of male genitalia in leprosy.

Four hundred and sixty-seven male patients with leprosy were screened for genital involvement. Genital lesions were observed in 6.6% of all male cases of leprosy. They were seen most frequently in lepromatous leprosy (25.8%), followed by borderline lepromatous (13.3%) and borderline tuberculoid (1.4%) leprosy.

Genitalia, Male↗
PubMed2001

Zosteriform pilar leiomyoma.

Pilar leiomyomas are usually multiple and are commonly found on the extensor aspects of the arm, trunk, and face. They are rarely distributed in a linear fashion or seem to follow a dermatome. We report a case of painful, unilateral, zosteriform cutaneous leiomyoma in a 25-year-old housewife. Histopathology revealed interlacing smooth muscle bundles arising from arrector pili muscles. Nifedipine (10 mg) twice daily was remarkably effective in diminishing the pain in our patient.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Impact of combined Mycobacterium w vaccine and 1 year of MDT on multibacillary leprosy patients.

A total of 20 bacteriologically positive multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients older than 18 years of age with a bacterial index (BI) of 2+ or greater were given standard World Health Organization multiple drug therapy (MDT-MB) for 12 consecutive months plus four intradermal doses of Mycobacterium w vaccine at 3 monthly intervals (Study group). Twenty age-matched MB patients were given WHO/MDT alone (Control group). The patients of both groups were followed up for 1 year. Improvements in the patients were periodically monitored by clinical (Ramu's score), bacteriological (SSS), histopathological (skin biopsy) and immunological (lepromin conversion) parameters. Study group patients showed more significant improvements in all parameters except for lepromin conversion compared to patients in the Control group. The incidence of type 1 reaction was more in the Study group (30% vs 10%), while the incidence of type 2 reaction was more in the Control group (25% vs 15%). Neuritis associated with reactions was seen more often in the Control group compared to the Study group (20% vs 10%). The addition of Mycobacterium w vaccine as an adjunct to the 1-year WHO/MDT regimen appears to be significantly more beneficial in MB leprosy patients with a high initial BI compared to WHO/MDT given alone. Studies on larger numbers of patients with extended follow up will be in order.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Bioaccumulation and localization of exogenous cadmium in a teleost by electron microscopy (TEM) and its specific quantitation by electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA).

A cadmium bioconcentration study was carried out in a fresh water teleost, Colisa fasciatus, to study the bioaccumulation kinetics and fate of exogenous cadmium (Cd) in biological tissues. Study shows that on exposure of the fish to a sublethal concentration of cadmium in test water, Cd uptake results in its bioconcentration in gills, liver and muscle tissues. To explore whether the accumulated Cd reaches the membranes or inside the cells, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the thin sections of tissues was done after histochemical localization of Cd in cells by modified SST method. TEM studies of sections of gills, liver and muscle tissues showed the deposits of exogenous Cd (visualized as dense clouds) in biological cells. This suggests the presence of free or loosely bound Cd on the membranes and inside the cells, which in the presence of Na2S is converted into insoluble metal sulfides. Electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) studies confirmed the presence of Cd on the membrane surface as well as inside the cells of bioindicator organs suggesting involvement of membrane transport of exogenous Cd inside the cells and its deposition as loosely bound insoluble metal complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Melasma in men: a hormonal profile.

Melasma in men is much less common than in women. In the present communication, we evaluated circulating levels of LH, FSH, and testosterone in 15 men with idiopathic melasma. When compared with eleven age matched control men, the circulating LH was significantly higher and testosterone was markedly low in the melasmic men. We conclude that male melasma involves subtle testicular resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Lichen planus: a clinical and epidemiological study.

Clinical and epidemiological data from 232 patients with lichen planus is presented. Lichen planus constituted 0.38% of the total dermatology, outpatients diagnosed. The patient ages ranged from 8 to 76 years, most being in the age range from 20 to 49 years. Duration of disease varied from 1 month to 7 years. Both sexes were equally affected. The majority of the patients (47.4%) had classical lesions followed by hypertrophic and actinic lichen planus next in frequency. Itching was the predominant symptom in 79.3%. Limbs were the most frequent initial site of onset (55.6%). Mucosal involvement along with cutaneous lesions were observed in 16.8% and genital involvement in only 5.2%. Nail changes were observed in 15.1% of patients. A history of recurrence of the disease was obtained from 10.3% of patients. Liver disease was found to be associated in 2.2% of patients. No malignant changes were observed in any of the lesions of lichen planus.

Adolescent↗