Training of radiographers in Chile.
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Chile↗
Biomedical subjects
I Kerr
Publications and source records attributed to I Kerr.
Toxicity of oral N-methylformamide in three phase II trials: a report from the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.
Three National Cancer Institute of Canada phase II studies of N-methylformamide (NMF), given in a three times/week oral schedule, closed early because of frequent and occasionally severe toxicity. Eighteen of 41 (44%) cycles of treatment were not completed because of problems with NMF-induced hepatic and gastrointestinal toxicity. Several other reactions occurred, including skin rashes, abdominal pain, and gastritis, which were drug induced. One death occurred on study and was thought to be due in part to NMF toxicity. Further work exploring alternative schedules is needed before phase II studies of oral NMF can be done.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
A phase II study of spirogermanium in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. An NCI Canada Clinical Trials Group Study.
The National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group conducted a phase II study of spirogermanium given daily for 5 days every 3 weeks to previously untreated patients with malignant melanoma. In 21 evaluable patients one complete response was seen (response rate 5%). Disease progression occurred in the other 20 patients. Toxicity was primarily neurologic and mild or moderate in most patients, though there was one treatment related death. In this schedule spirogermanium has extremely limited activity against malignant melanoma and will not contribute significantly to the systemic therapy of this disease.
Adult↗
An image processing system for digital chest X-ray images.
This paper investigates the requirements for image processing of digital chest X-ray images. These images are conventionally recorded on film and are characterised by large size, wide dynamic range and high resolution. X-ray detection systems are now becoming available for capturing these images directly in photoelectronic-digital form. In this report, the hardware and software facilities required for handling these images are described. These facilities include high resolution digital image displays, programmable video look up tables, image stores for image capture and processing and a full range of software tools for image manipulation. Examples are given of the application of digital image processing techniques to this class of image.
Computers↗
Quantitation of types I and III collagen in biopsy lung samples from patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.
The role of changes in the relative amounts of types I and III collagen in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis was investigated using a biochemical method adapted for small amounts of human lung tissue. Measurements were performed in 18 biopsy and seven post-mortem lung samples from patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and the results were compared with clinical, physiological, radiological and histological data. The mean percentage type III collagen, compared with type I collagen, was significantly lower in post-mortem lung samples from patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis who died from the disease compared with the biopsy lung samples (p less than 0.01) and with the control lung samples (p less than 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the percentage of type III collagen and response to treatment at six months as shown by the improvement in the percentage predicted Kco (p less than 0.005) and FVC (p less than 0.01) and with the radiological changes (p less than 0.05). These changes remained significant at one year (p less than 0.05 in all cases). These results suggest that patients with a higher proportion of type III collagen have earlier disease and show a better response to treatment than those with a lower proportion of type III collagen. The potential advantages of measuring collagen types for staging cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis are discussed.
Aged↗
Aneurysm of the coronary sinus.
Two patients, an adult and a baby, with an aneurysm of the coronary sinus are described. This unusual anomaly was detected in the baby during angiographic investigations for congenital heart disease. The aneurysm was an unexpected postmortem finding in the adult. Although the adult died suddenly, there was no evidence that this could be linked to the presence of the aneurysm.
Adult↗
Minimum amount of penicillin prophylaxis required to control Streptococcus pyogenes epidemic in closed community.
The prophylaxis required to control an epidemic of Streptococcus pyogenes throat infection in a junior detention centre has been reported. In a further epidemic an attempt was made to determine the minimum amount of penicillin required to control the outbreak. Oral penicillin (0.5 g) given as a single daily dose for 10 days to all boys after entry proved effective. The added risk of relatively deprived adolescent boys developing rheumatic fever is stressed.
Adolescent↗
The radiology of cryptogenic obliterative bronchiolitis.
The radiology of 13 patients with cryptogenic obliterative bronchiolitis is reviewed. The changes on the plain chest radiograph consist of diminished mid and lower zone vasculature with evidence of mild over-inflation. On bronchography pruning of the fifth and sixth generation bronchi is seen inthe absence of features of other Obstructive airways diseases. It is concluded that this uncommon and sometimes lethal disease should be considered in patients developing respiratory outflow obstruction in the absence of any other recognised cause.
Adult↗
Streptococcal infection in a Junior Detention Centre: a five-year study.
In 1972 more than 20% of boys admitted to a closed community (Junior Detention Centre) developed acute tonsillitis and group-A streptococci were isolated from more than 40% of all boys at some time during their stay of two months. The most common serotype was M-type 5, which has frequently been associated with rheumatic fever in other epidemics; four cases of rheumatic fever occurred between 1972 and 1977. Various methods were tried to eliminate the infection, but only full penicillin prophylaxis (0.25 g oral penicillin 4 times a day for 10 days) to all boys on entry appeared to be effective. In a sample of cases of acute tonsillitis, group-A haemolytic streptococci were isolated from 31.7% by the use of dry swabs or unenriched transport medium, but with enrichment medium duplicate swabs, 77.6% yielded positive results. We question the current practice in some laboratories of reporting positive cultures only when more than ten colonies of beta-haemolytic streptococci are present. In this survey viruses did not appear to be an important cause of acute tonsillitis. High titres of streptococcal antibodies (antistreptolysin O, anti-desoxyribonuclease B and anti-M associated protein) were found, not only in cases and carriers, but in boys on entry to the centre. This supports epidemiological evidence that adolescent boys are particularly prone to streptococcal throat infections.
Adolescent↗
Interaction of mithramycin with nucleic acids.
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Animals↗
Nitrocellulose filter retention method for studying drug-nucleic acid interactions.
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Acridines↗
Role of T lymphocytes in the resistance and immunopathology of experimental Chagas' disease. I. Histopathological studies.
The results reported here show that Trypanosoma cruzi can parasitize almost all tissues of mice; however, the T-dependent immune response controls parasite invasion, leading undesirable immunopathological effects. Inflammatory infiltrate was rare in heart or skeletal muscle and other organs of Nu/Nu, but was abundant in tissues of Nu/+ mice. Cellular inflammatory lesions could be induced in Nude mice by the transfer of lymph node cells from Nu/+ animals infected with T. cruzi.
Adrenal Glands↗