Biomedical subjects

I Khadzhiolova

Publications and source records attributed to I Khadzhiolova.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

[An occupational physiology study at the Asarel Mining and Milling Works. The evaluation of the work load in the basic jobs in an open-pit mine].

This occupational physiology study was undertaken within a wider applied-research framework designed to evaluate the occupational environment and its impact on workers at "Asarel" Mining and Milling Works. Analysis of activities showed physical effort (dynamic and static) to be the major problem at the open pit, though varying in extent between jobs (most prominent for blasters and bulldozerists). Nervous/emotional strain, while not leading, was sustained mostly by diggers and blasters, followed by drivers. Organization of work (shift regimen, no regulated breaks, stepwise schedule of days off work) was hardly appropriate and did not allow for recovery. Interviewed workers qualified working conditions as extremely unfavorable; they disapproved with the physical factors of the occupational environment, the workplace, the state of machines and devices, and remuneration for work performed. Exertion from work, assessed by pulse rate and energy expended, was moderate for most activities of diggers, drivers, and drillers. The burden of physical effort was great for blasters at the open pit and for diggers and drillers performing extra repair operations (pulse rate, 100-110 strokes/min; energy expended, 5.2-5.5 Kcal/min). Hardest and least attractive was the work of blasters at stores for explosive materials (pulse rate, 120-141 strokes/min; energy expended, 5.5-6.5 Kcal/min). These adverse factors of labor activities might produce a negative impact on worker health and performance, leading to occupational impairment of their musculoskeletal system, to labor-related disorders of their cardiovascular and nervous systems, etc. Preventive measures are thus necessary to limit physical exertion, optimize the work-and-rest regimen; also, there is a need for conducting pertinent preventive medical examinations, providing social measures (conditions for transportation, rest, nutrition, sports), etc.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[An occupational physiology study at the Asarel Mining and Milling Works--screening for risk factors of the cardiovascular system in workers in an open-pit mine].

It was the purpose of this study to define the frequency of occurrence of a number of individual and occupational factors contributing to development of arterial hypertension in "Asarel" MMW open-pit workers. The investigated subjects numbered 36 and ranged in age from 22 to 55 years (average, 36 +/- 1.9 years). The jobs represented included mainly: diggers, bulldozers, driver, drillers, blasters, road-service workers, electric and mechanic fitters. Endpoints measured and evaluated included: arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, biometric characteristics (age, occupational experience, body height and weight), common risk factors, such as family antecedents, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, level of physical activity at and off work, etc. For this sample of open-pit workers, findings indicated a relatively high incidence of hypertension (28% of subjects). The level of arterial hypertension consistently correlated with worker age, length of occupational experience, and body weight. There was high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors: alcohol consumption, family history, cigarette smoking, use of salty foods, overweight. The observed changes in the cardiovascular system and high prevalence of risk factors point to the necessity of taking specific medical prevention measures. These have been taken into consideration in designing the overall program of upgrading work conditions and organization, as well as improving the style of life of "Asarel" MMW workers.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Chronic occupational stress and the cardiovascular risk in teachers].

Age changes in arterial pressure (AP) and incidence of arterial hypertension (AH), as well as probability of developing IHD, were compared between school teachers and a control group sustaining no excessive occupational stress. The investigated teachers, numbering 168, were from Sofia public schools and technical schools. The control group consisted of 103 women: office employees, designers, research workers, etc. Findings indicated teachers to have a closer age relationship to AP level, compared to controls. Considerable increase in systolic AP was observed after 45 years of age, and there was a significant difference between the first and the second halves of the 4th decade. Diastolic AP was also higher in teachers than in controls. Duration of teaching experience proved to be strongly correlated with systolic and diastolic AP levels (r = 0.56, p < 0.001; and r = 0.50, p < 0.001). Beyond 40 years of age, teachers showed a high incidence of AH, 31%. The group as a whole was at high cardiovascular risk.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[An evaluation of the strain in the work of teachers].

Psychophysiological studies on teachers' work include generally the evaluation of occupational stressors influencing the work load and strain and the assessment of transient and long-term changes in teachers' functional state and health due to these stressors. Results from investigations of some changes in the functional state of the organism of female teachers working in secondary and technical schools of different profiles were presented in this study. The following parameters were applied: subjective feeling of fatigue, heart rate [HR], excretion rates of 11-oxycorticosteroids (11-OCS), adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) during work. According to the mean HR values during work a moderate cardio-vascular strain was obtained (HR between 80-90 beats) min. Transient HR values over 100 beats/min were registered during periods connected with specific stressful working conditions. The levels of 11-OCS and the catecholamines excretion rates also indicated a moderate job strain. More pronounced changes in 11-OCS, NA and A were found when teaching in the upper classes of the secondary and technical schools. Significant correlations were established between the changes of HR, 11-OCS, NA and A and some individual characteristics of the examined persons, such as: age, length of service, HR at rest and level of neuroticism. Our data reveal the usefulness of the indices and procedures applied for the evaluation of teachers' strain at work.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗

PubMed1991

[The assessment of physical work capacity and its dependence on the occupational and individual risk factors of jobs with hypodynamia and neuropsychic stress].

The physical work capacity is studied in representatives of 3 professions with decreased motor activity and neuropsychic stress: managers in industry (20), railway controllers (41) and machine-builders (107). The dependence of the physical work capacity on the age, type of work, physical activity during free time, and other biometric and individual characteristics on the examined persons were studied. The physical working capacity was measured in standard laboratory conditions by bicycle ergometer [correction of veloergometer] Lano at submaximal rates of loading 50, 100 and 150 watt with duration 2 min each and velocity of pedalling 60 r/min. The maximal working capacity (MWC) was measured directly by continuous loading increase to refusal. The results pointed out ineffective reaction of the cardiovascular system at dosage of physical effort (increase of the "normative" values of the pulse rate for respective loading with 5 to 15 beats/min with all examined groups). The aerobic capacity level is under the average, as most unfavourable are its values in the managers from the industry, followed by the railway controllers and machine-builders. Hypodynamic during work, combined with low physical activity during free time, are basic risk factors for the maximal working capacity and the cardio-vascular system. There is a dependence of the aerobic capacity on some individual characteristics (age, body weight, pulse frequency and blood pressure at rest, etc.).

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[ECG changes in persons representing present-day professions].

Subject of the study are the two up-to-date professions with well expressed neuropsychic stress and hypodynamia: 19 managers from industry and 41 controllers from the railway transport. Both professional groups were subject to a definite dose of physical loading and estimation of the ECG changes by the aid of Minnesota's code (WHO 1968) and its modification by the Swedish Cardiological Association. Relatively high percents of positive working samples for healthy middle-aged men were found, which could be related with considerable occupational risk in both professions.

Administrative Personnel↗

PubMed1987

[Physical work capacity of Bulgarian workers in the Komi ASSR].

In view of assessing the physical fitness of Bulgarian men going to work in lumber production in the Komi ASSR (180 men of different professions) the physical working capacity was measured by bicycle ergometer with submaximum loading (50, 100 and 150 W). The maximum aerobic capacity is extrapolated after the nomogram of Astrand and the individual regressive lines. The results point out the mean values of physical working capacity assessed after oxygen consumption and pulse. Frequency at submaximum loading (at 150 W average for the group they are respectively 2, 12 dm3/min and 166 beating/min). The assessment of the physical working capacity after the maximum oxygen consumption is also about the mean (2.7 dm3/min). The representatives of the so called sitting professions (employees, drivers) have lower aerobic capacity then those engaged mainly in physical work (machine building, construction workers). In comparison with literature data the examined persons have lower working capacity for the corresponding age. Juxtaposing the results of the mean data for physical working capacity with the high energy losses in the lumber industry imposes measures for raising the physical working capacity of the Bulgarian workers departing for the Komi ASSr, by effective training system, improving the work and rest regimen, professional selection by examining the physical working capacity etc.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Work difficulty and the physical work capacity of female afforestation workers in forestry].

The severity of labour in manual soil-preparation and planting has been studied and the physical capacity for work of the female workers--determined, who performed those basic afforestation activities in the national forestry. The severity of labour has been characterized by the values of oxygen consumption, energy-expenditure and pulse rate during work. The physical capacity for work has been determined by physical loading on the Lanoy bicycle ergometer , with submaximum degrees of loading. The maximum working capacity was calculated by the values of the pulse rate with submaximum degrees of loading according to Astrand method. The physical loading during manual soil-preparation is high (6.6 kcal/min, 27.6 kJ resp.), and that of planting--moderate. The maximum aerobic capacity of the afforestation female workers examined, was characterized by maximum oxygen consumption 2.04 dm3/min, 29.6 cm3/kg/min resp., and maximum pulse rate--177 beats/min. Energy losses during work surpassed, to a considerable degree, 30 per cent of the maximum aerobic capacity of the female afforestation workers. On the base of the results obtained, measures are proposed for the reduction of the severity of labour and for improvement of the organization of the work during the afforestation activities in national forestry.

Anthropometry↗

PubMed1985

[Physical work capacity under different levels of measured stress in relation to type-A personality in intellectual workers].

The physical work capacity of 122 designers is defined in order to characterize the effect of work activity in the individual standard types /types A and B/ at physical dosage loading. The following methods are used: bicycle ergometry with determination of lung ventilation, oxygen consumption, pulse frequency, etc. by means of the Jaeger ergooxyscreen. Defining the type of behavior of the individual by Rosenman's questionnaire. Determination of catecholamine excretion after the method of Euler and Lishajko. The results pointed out that the physical work capacity of designers is satisfactory and mean in rate, evaluated according to the internationally confirmed classifications. The effect of hypokinesia, age and sex differences and the importance of type A are discussed in relation to the reaction of the organism to the dosage loading, as well as some methodological problems concerning the determination of type A way of behavior.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Physical work capacity of electronics workers (the assembling and checking of printed circuit boards)].

The physical capacity for work of electronic workers that assembly and check up the printed was determined. The physical capacity for work of the female assembly-workers is assessed to be moderate and that of the operators-very good. A reduction of the maximum oxygen consumption with 0.375 ml/kg per year was established in the female assembly-workers, in the age group 21-40. The results obtained are discussed in connection with the unfavourable effect of the reduced motor activity during work, taken as base for the elaboration of measures for the improvement of the physical capacity for work.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

[Stress reaction to work today].

The characteristic of stress factors at work and their effect upon humans is of great significance in labour optimization, detection of early changes in organism, assessment of the operative MAC and MAN, standardization and categorization of labour, etc. On the base of such studies (biochemical, physiological and psychophysiological) stress and fatigue in various occupations and working regimes are characterized. The results from the studies on stress reactions at work are presented in a summarized way, making use of complex methodical approach.

Circadian Rhythm↗

PubMed1982

[Age-related changes in work capacity].

Bank female employees, aged from 18 to 55, were examined in order to characterize some changes in the nervous-psychic capacity for work in age aspect. The following methods were used: inquiry for the subjective assessment of the strain and fatigue during work, DAM--a test characterizing the activity, disposition and mood, level of neurotism according to Ajsenk, time of single visual-motor reaction and reaction of choice. Some age changes in the subjective assessment of fatigue, disposition, and activity were established. The age changes in psychomotor sphere were enhanced under the effect of work loading. Among the age group 51-55, the subjective assessment of fatigue, disposition and activity were more favourable, not corresponding to the clearly manifested age changes in psychomotor sphere. Prophylactic measures, aiming at the optimization of the work of bank female workers, are elaborated on the base of the examinations carried out.

Adolescent↗