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Biomedical subjects

I Kimlová

Publications and source records attributed to I Kimlová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Screening for Down's syndrome--results of a 3-year study].

In a group of 5382 examined pregnant women the authors demonstrate the results of systematic prenatal screening of Down's syndrome. From the results it is apparent that it is essential to supplement each examination of alpha-fetoprotein by assessment of total HCG which is considered a parameter of greater impact for prediction of chromosomal aberrations. Since the beginning of 1993 all examinations were evaluated, using the commercial software ALPHA; its advantage is in particular that it expresses the overall risk due to age and two parameters assessed by laboratory tests and the reduction of the magnitude of the risk group to the acceptable level of 6.6%.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1994

[Hyperinsulinemia--the common denominator in type II diabetes mellitus,obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerosis].

During the last twenty years we witnessed a remarkable increase in knowledge of the mechanism as regards insulin action, the central hormone of metabolic regulations. Interest in cellular and molecular mechanisms of action was conditioned by a high prevalence of insulin resistance and the fact that insulin resistance holds a key position in the pathogenesis of many diseases, in particular atherosclerosis, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II, ovarian hyperandrogenism and others. The syndrome of hyperinsulinaemia/insulin resistance is the basic component of the so-called X syndrome defined in 1988 by Reaven. It is encountered in subjects with a normal glucose tolerance but a predisposition for diabetes type II. If this disposition, probably genetic by nature, is potentiated by the central type of obesity and a sedentary lifestyle it can influence the development of hypertension and dyslipidemia. The sum of these factors promotes acceleration of atherosclerosis and frequently its premature manifestations: myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases which hold the first place as regards causes of death on a world wide scale. It is important to identify but also to treat this complex not only metabolic risk factors for macrovascular diseases. It is a paradox that some drugs used as antihypertensives can cause deterioration of insulin resistance, subsequently influence in an adverse manner dyslipidemia and thus increase the metabolic risk of cardiovascular diseases. In the submitted paper the authors tried to summarize hitherto expressed views on the syndrome of hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, using as a basic the results of their own work.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1991

[Risk factors for ischemic heart disease in healthy persons with hyperinsulinemia and normal glucose tolerance].

The authors investigated the relationship of plasma insulin to some risk factors of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). They examined 79 healthy men--drivers of international truck transport with a normal glucose tolerance. The group comprised 21 men with hyperinsulinaemia. This group was compared with 21 men from the same group with normal insulin levels. The two groups were comparable (matched pairs) for age, occupation, cigarette and alcohol consumption and education. Significantly higher values of the body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found in the group with hyperinsulinaemia. The latter group had a significantly more frequent positive family-history as regards cardiovascular diseases. After 48 months all subjects were checked. Two men from the entire group had died (43 and 48 years) from fatal myocardial infarction, both had hyperinsulinaemia. Manifestations of cardiovascular diseases (IHD and hypertension) developed in 12 subjects from the group with hyperinsulinaemia, as compared with two subjects with hypertension but normal insulin levels. To conclude, it may be stated that healthy subjects with hyperinsulinaemia and a normal glucose tolerance have a higher level of some risk factors of coronary heart disease (hypertension, obesity, positive family-history), as compared with the normoinsulinaemic group, and a poorer prognosis as regards cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The importance of the determination of primary bile acids in diseases of the digestive tract].

The authors assessed the concentration of primary bile acids in patients with liver diseases, diseases of the gallbladder and biliary pathways, with affections of the pancreas and in a control group. Primary bile acids and their conjugated derivatives were assessed by radioimmunoanalysis from the patients' serum, using radiodiagnostic sets of Farmos Co. Finland. The range of the assessed concentrations was 0.15-15 mumol/l. The total number of examined subjects was 56, blood specimens for estimation of bile acids were collected in the morning after 12 hours fasting. From the investigation ensues that primary bile acids were elevated in diseases of the hepatobiliary tract; in diseases of the gallbladder and biliary pathways an increased ratio of glycocholic to glycochenodeoxycholic acid was found. Elevated concentrations of the two investigated primary bile acids were also found in subjects with tumorous diseases. Consistent with the result of other authors, it is obvious that estimation of bile acids is a sensitive liver function test.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Estrogen receptors in human goitrous and neoplastic thyroid.

An attempt was made to quantify the number of specific estrogen binding sites in specimens of human goitrous or neoplastic thyroid tissue obtained by surgery. Using synthetic estrogen [3H]moxestrol as a radioligand, the concentrations of estrogen receptors found were very low (average 0.57 +/- 0.47 fmol mg-1 of protein) approaching the detection limit. Accordingly, no significant sex dependent differences in estrogen receptors could be revealed.

Estradiol Congeners↗
PubMed1983

Effect of hypercalcaemia on adrenocortical and growth hormone secretion.

The authors investigated in 19 healthy women changes in the plasma levels of cortisol and growth hormone during acute hypercalcaemia induced by a load of 8.9 mg Ca2+/kg body weight, administered as intravenous infusion and the effect of hypercalcaemia on the adrenocortical and somatotrophic secretory reserve assessed by the test with insulin hypoglycaemia. Hypercalcaemia causes a rise of the basal cortisol plasma level starting at the 90th minute from the onset of the infusion when the calcium level reaches values of 2.99 mmol/l. The adrenocortical secretory reserve is, however, significantly reduced by hypercalcaemia. Hypercalcaemia does not affect growth levels nor the somatotrophic secretory reserve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of nifedipine on the adrenocortical and somatotrophic secretory reserve and TSH and thyroid hormone plasma levels.

The authors investigated the effect of one week's administration of therapeutic doses of the calcium antagonist nifedipine on the hormone homeostasis of clinically healthy subjects. The insignificant tendency towards an increase of the adrenocorticotrophic and somatotrophic secretory reserve and the unaltered levels of thyrotrophin, triiodothyronine and thyroxine rule out possible adverse side-effects of the administered therapeutic doses of nifedipine on the hormone balance of the mentioned systems. The authors discuss also the physiological impact of the assessed findings.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

Plasma insulin, carbohydrate, and free fatty acid changes in newly born infants of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers after loading with glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Changes in the concentration of blood glucose, fructose and galactose and their disappearance rate, concentration of plasma insulin, free fatty acids, blood lactate and pyruvate after intravenous glucose, fructose and galactose loads (1 g/kg) were studied in 23 infants of insulin treated diabetic mothers (IDM). The control group consisted of 42 infants of healthy mothers (IHM). The disappearance rate of these monosaccharides was higher in IDM that in IHM (P less than 0.01). All monosaccharides enhanced plasma insulin levels, but the plasma insulin concentration varied considerably. The highest insulin response with difference between IDM and IHM occurred after loading with glucose. Fructose was the least effective insulin stimulator which did not increase glucose levels. All monosaccharides decreased free fatty acid levels. Lactate levels and lactate:pyruvate ratio in IHM were increased after fructose loading. The results of this study suggest that galactose is of some physiological importance for maintaining glucose levels and that the islet apparatus of newborns of diabetic mothers is less loaded with galactose than with glucose.

Blood Glucose↗